|
Johnny Chung
Johnny Chien Chuen Chung (鍾育瀚; pinyin: Zhōng Yùhàn) (born 1955) was a major figure in the 1996 United States campaign finance controversy. Born in Taiwan, Chung was the owner of a " blastfaxing" business (an automated system that quickly sends out faxes to thousands of businesses) in California, United States in the early 1990s. Chung eventually found himself in the middle of the Washington, D.C. elite within a couple weeks of his first donations to the Democratic Party.Park, Scott"FBI transcripts resurrect Clinton-China questions", ''Human Events'', September 3, 1999 Between 1994 and 1996, Chung donated $366,000 to the Democratic National Committee. Eventually, all of the money was returned. Chung told federal investigators that $35,000 of the money he donated came from China's military intelligence.Jackson, David and Sun, Lena H."Liu's Deals With Chung: An Intercontinental Puzzle" ''Washington Post'', May 24, 1998 Called a "hustler" by a U.S. National Security Council ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pinyin
Hanyu Pinyin (), often shortened to just pinyin, is the official romanization system for Standard Mandarin Chinese in China, and to some extent, in Singapore and Malaysia. It is often used to teach Mandarin, normally written in Chinese form, to learners already familiar with the Latin alphabet. The system includes four diacritics denoting tones, but pinyin without tone marks is used to spell Chinese names and words in languages written in the Latin script, and is also used in certain computer input methods to enter Chinese characters. The word ' () literally means " Han language" (i.e. Chinese language), while ' () means "spelled sounds". The pinyin system was developed in the 1950s by a group of Chinese linguists including Zhou Youguang and was based on earlier forms of romanizations of Chinese. It was published by the Chinese Government in 1958 and revised several times. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) adopted pinyin as an international st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States National Security Council
The United States National Security Council (NSC) is the principal forum used by the President of the United States for consideration of national security, military, and foreign policy matters. Based in the White House, it is part of the Executive Office of the President of the United States, and composed of senior national security advisors and Cabinet officials. Since its inception in 1947 by President Harry S. Truman, the function of the Council has been to advise and assist the President on national security and foreign policies. It also serves as the President's principal arm for coordinating these policies among various government agencies. The Council has subsequently played a key role in most major events in U.S. foreign policy, from the Korean War to the War on Terror. The NSC has counterparts in the national security councils of many other nations. History The immediate predecessor to the National Security Council was the National Intelligence Authority (NIA ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
China–United States Relations
The relationship between the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the United States of America (USA) has been complex since 1949 with mutual distrust leading to complications. The relationship is one of close economic ties (economic ties grew rapidly after 1980), as well as hegemonic rivalry in the Asia-Pacific. It has been described by world leaders and academics as the world's most important bilateral relationship of the 21st century. , the United States and China are the world's largest and second largest economies respectively, although China has a larger GDP when measured by PPP. Historically, relations between the two countries have been stable with some periods of open conflict, most notably during the Korean War and the Vietnam War. Currently, the United States and China have mutual political, economic, and security interests, such as the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons, but there are unresolved concerns relating to the PRC's cross-strait relations with Ta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Political Fundraisers
American(s) may refer to: * American, something of, from, or related to the United States of America, commonly known as the " United States" or "America" ** Americans, citizens and nationals of the United States of America ** American ancestry, people who self-identify their ancestry as "American" ** American English, the set of varieties of the English language native to the United States ** Native Americans in the United States, indigenous peoples of the United States * American, something of, from, or related to the Americas, also known as "America" ** Indigenous peoples of the Americas * American (word), for analysis and history of the meanings in various contexts Organizations * American Airlines, U.S.-based airline headquartered in Fort Worth, Texas * American Athletic Conference, an American college athletic conference * American Recordings (record label), a record label previously known as Def American * American University, in Washington, D.C. Sports teams Soc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1955 Births
Events January * January 3 – José Ramón Guizado becomes president of Panama. * January 17 – , the first nuclear-powered submarine, puts to sea for the first time, from Groton, Connecticut. * January 18– 20 – Battle of Yijiangshan Islands: The Chinese Communist People's Liberation Army seizes the islands from the Republic of China (Taiwan). * January 22 – In the United States, The Pentagon announces a plan to develop intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), armed with nuclear weapons. * January 23 – The Sutton Coldfield rail crash kills 17, near Birmingham, England. * January 25 – The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union announces the end of the war between the USSR and Germany, which began during World War II in 1941. * January 28 – The United States Congress authorizes President Dwight D. Eisenhower to use force to protect Formosa from the People's Republic of China. February * February 10 – The United States Seven ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ji Shengde
Ji Shengde (; born 1948) is a former major-general in charge of military intelligence in the People's Liberation Army of China. In June 1999 he was removed from his post after being implicated in the Lai Changxing smuggling scandal centered on the Fujian port of Xiamen. In 2000 Ji was sentenced to death with a two-year reprieve (usually commuted to a life sentence after two years), but the sentence was later reduced to 20 years in jail. Wo-Lap Lam, Willy"How China retreats to attack" '' CNN'', May 15, 2001 U.S. Democratic National Committee fund-raiser Johnny Chung testified before the U.S. Congress in May 1999 that Ji gave him 300,000 U.S. dollars to donate to the Democratic Party. Holman, Kwame"The Price of Access" ''NewsHour with Jim Lehrer'', Transcript, ''PBS'', May 11, 1999 Ji is the son of Ji Pengfei, who was China's foreign minister when U.S. President Richard Nixon visited China in 1972.Derbyshire, John"Lips and Teeth" ''National Review ''National Review'' is a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States House Of Representatives
The United States House of Representatives, often referred to as the House of Representatives, the U.S. House, or simply the House, is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, with the Senate being the upper chamber. Together they comprise the national bicameral legislature of the United States. The House's composition was established by Article One of the United States Constitution. The House is composed of representatives who, pursuant to the Uniform Congressional District Act, sit in single member congressional districts allocated to each state on a basis of population as measured by the United States Census, with each district having one representative, provided that each state is entitled to at least one. Since its inception in 1789, all representatives have been directly elected, although universal suffrage did not come to effect until after the passage of the 19th Amendment and the Civil Rights Movement. Since 1913, the number of voting representat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States Commerce Department
The United States Department of Commerce is an executive department of the U.S. federal government concerned with creating the conditions for economic growth and opportunity. Among its tasks are gathering economic and demographic data for business and government decision making, and helping to set industrial standards. Its main purpose is to create jobs, promote economic growth, encourage sustainable development and block harmful trade practices of other nations.Steve Charnovitz, "Reinventing the Commerce Dept.", ''Journal of Commerce'', July 12, 1995. It is headed by the Secretary of Commerce, who reports directly to the President of the United States and is a member of the president's Cabinet. The Department of Commerce is headquartered in the Herbert C. Hoover Building in Washington, DC. History Organizational history The department was originally created as the United States Department of Commerce and Labor on February 14, 1903. It was subsequently renamed the Department ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liu Chaoying
Liu Chaoying (劉超英), or Helen Liu, was an executive at China Aerospace International Holdings which is the Hong Kong subsidiary of China's premier satellite developer, China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (中國航天科技集團公司). She was a Lt. Col. in the People's Liberation Army (PLA) of China. Liu is the daughter of former PLA General Liu Huaqing, and her elder brother, Liu Zhuoming, is a vice admiral of China's People's Liberation Army Navy.Jackson, David and Sun, Lena H.Liu's Deals With Chung: An Intercontinental Puzzle''Washington Post'', May 24, 1998. Retrieved 10 November 2020. She was a major figure in the 1996 United States campaign finance controversy. According to ''The Washington Post'',Washington Pos"Campaign Finance Key Player: Johnny Chung" ''The Washington Post'', May 21, 1998 Johnny Chung met Liu in June 1996 through mutual business contacts in Hong Kong. Liu was looking for a foothold in Western markets. When she visited the U.S. i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Suettinger
Robert L. Suettinger is an American international relations scholar currently serving as a senior advisor at The Stimson Center and an advisor to the Inter-Parliamentary Alliance on China (IPAC). He was national intelligence officer for East Asia at the National Intelligence Council (NIC) from 1997 to 1998 during the Clinton administration. While there, he oversaw the preparation of national intelligence estimates for the director of the Central Intelligence Agency. His areas of specialty are the People's Republic of China and the North Korean nuclear weapons program. Education Suettinger holds a BA from Lawrence University and a MA in comparative politics from Columbia University. Career Suettinger served as Director for Asian Affairs on the National Security Council from March 1994 to October 1997, where he assisted National Security Advisers Anthony Lake and Sandy Berger in the development and implementation of U.S. policy toward the Asia-Pacific region. He also served ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Intelligence
Military intelligence is a military discipline that uses information collection and analysis approaches to provide guidance and direction to assist commanders in their decisions. This aim is achieved by providing an assessment of data from a range of sources, directed towards the commanders' mission requirements or responding to questions as part of operational or campaign planning. To provide an analysis, the commander's information requirements are first identified, which are then incorporated into intelligence collection, analysis, and dissemination. Areas of study may include the operational environment, hostile, friendly and neutral forces, the civilian population in an area of combat operations, and other broader areas of interest. Intelligence activities are conducted at all levels, from tactical to strategic, in peacetime, the period of transition to war, and during a war itself. Most governments maintain a military intelligence capability to provide analytical and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1996 United States Campaign Finance Controversy
The 1996 United States campaign finance controversy, or uncommonly referred to as Chinagate, was an effort by the People's Republic of China to influence domestic American politics prior to and during the Clinton administration and also involved the fundraising practices of the administration itself. While questions regarding the U.S. Democratic Party's fundraising activities first arose over a '' Los Angeles Times'' article published on September 21, 1996,Miller, Alan C."Democrats Return Illegal Contribution", ''Los Angeles Times'', September 21, 1996 China's role in the affair first gained public attention when Bob Woodward and Brian Duffy of '' The Washington Post'' published a story stating that a United States Department of Justice investigation into the fundraising activities had uncovered evidence that agents of China sought to direct contributions from foreign sources to the Democratic National Committee (DNC) before the 1996 presidential campaign. The journalists ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.jpg "Click for more on -> China–United States Relations")
_(cropped).jpg "Click for more on -> Military Intelligence")