Jeongjo
Jeongjo (; 28 October 1752 – 18 August 1800), personal name Yi San (), sometimes called Jeongjo the Great (), was the 22nd monarch of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. He was the second son of Crown Prince Sado and Lady Hyegyŏng, and succeeded his grandfather, King Yeongjo, in 1776. His father Crown Prince Sado was executed in 1762, leading to conflicts over Yi San’s legitimacy as heir. As king, he sought to clear his father’s name, balance political factions, and strengthen royal authority. He built the Hwaseong Fortress, reformed governance, and promoted talented scholars. Facing assassination attempts, he created the Changyongyeong royal guards. Jeongjo established the Kyujanggak royal library, expanded social mobility, and encouraged Neo-Confucian scholarship. His reign marked a cultural and political renaissance, but factional struggles persisted. Today, Jeongjo is remembered for his various efforts to reform and improve the nation. Biography Early life He was t ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Hwaseong Fortress
Hwaseong Fortress or Suwon Hwaseong () is a Korean fortress surrounding the centre of Suwon, the provincial capital of Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. It was built from 1794 to 1796 by King Jeongjo of the Joseon dynasty to house and honour the remains of his father, Prince Sado. Sado had been executed by being locked alive inside a rice chest by his own father King Yeongjo after failing to obey a command to commit suicide. Located south of Seoul and enclosing much of central Suwon, the fortress includes King Jeongjo's palace Haenggung. The fortress and enclosed palace were designated as a World Heritage site by UNESCO in 1997. It comprises among many other features the palace, a perimeter wall, four main gates, and two sluicegates over the Suwoncheon, Suwon's main stream, which flows through the centre of the fortress. Background King Jeongjo apparently built Hwaseong Fortress to prepare for a move of the capital from Seoul to Suwon. Suwon was purported to be strategicall ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Memoirs Of Lady Hyegyŏng
''The Memoirs of Lady Hyegyŏng'' () is an autobiographical manuscript written by Lady Hyegyŏng of Joseon (6 August 1735 – 13 January 1816) that details her life during the years she was confined to Changgyeong Palace. ''The Memoirs of Lady Hyegyong'', or its direct translation ''Records Written in Silence'' (Korean: ''Hanjungnok''), is a collection of four autobiographical pieces written within the ten-year period 1795 to 1805, which depict her life before and after being chosen to marry Crown Prince Sado. The Memoirs portray Crown Prince Sado's descent into violent madness until his execution by order of his father, King Yeongjo. Although Lady Hyegyong's descriptions of her husband's madness and execution are the best known parts of her work, each of the four pieces concentrates on a different aspect of her life and has a different political purpose. Her narratives are a primary historical source of the period. They are also part of a wider body of Joseon female-authore ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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조선 정조의 수결
Joseon ( ; ; also romanized as ''Chosun''), officially Great Joseon (), was a dynastic kingdom of Korea that existed for 505 years. It was founded by Taejo of Joseon in July 1392 and replaced by the Korean Empire in October 1897. The kingdom was founded following the aftermath of the overthrow of Goryeo in what is today the city of Kaesong. Early on, Korea was retitled and the capital was relocated to modern-day Seoul. The kingdom's northernmost borders were expanded to the natural boundaries at the rivers of Amnok and Tuman through the subjugation of the Jurchens. During its 500-year duration, Joseon encouraged the entrenchment of Confucian ideals and doctrines in Korean society. Neo-Confucianism was installed as the new state's ideology. Buddhism was accordingly discouraged, and occasionally Buddhists faced persecution. Joseon consolidated its effective rule over the Korean peninsula and saw the height of classical Korean culture, trade, literature, and science and technolo ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Sunjo Of Joseon
Sunjo (; 29 July 1790 – 13 December 1834), personal name Yi Gong (), was a Korean royal who was the 23rd monarch of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. He was the second son of King Jeongjo by his concubine, Royal Noble Consort Su of the Bannam Park clan. His reign saw oppression against Catholics and his failed attempts at reforms which resulted in riots, notably by Hong Gyeong-nae in 1811. Biography He was born with the title of His Royal Highness Prince Yi Gong on 29 July 1790 (18 June 1790 in lunar calendar). Upon the death of his father, King Jeongjo, Yi Gong ascended to the throne at age 10 on the 4 July 1800, lunar calendar. In 1802, aged 13, King Sunjo married Lady Kim, known posthumously as Queen Sunwon, daughter of Kim Jo-sun, who was a leader of the Andong Kim clan. Since he ascended the throne at a young age, Queen Dowager Jeongsun, the second queen of King Yeongjo, ruled as queen regent, which allowed her to wield power over state affairs. Queen Jeongsun's in ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Crown Prince Sado
Crown Prince Sado (; 13 February 1735 – 12 July 1762), personal name Yi Seon (), was the second son of King Yeongjo of Joseon. His biological mother was Royal Noble Consort Yeong of the Jeonui Yi clan. Due to the prior death of Sado's older half-brother, Crown Prince Hyojang, the new prince was the probable future monarch. However, at the age of 27, he died, most likely of dehydration and possibly of starvation after being confined in a rice chest on the orders of his father in the heat of summer. Biography Biography Lady Hyegyŏng, Sado's wife, wrote a memoir in 1805 detailing their life together. She records that the prince suffered a severe illness in 1745, during which he often lost consciousness. Although he recovered, the tense relationship between Sado and his father King Yeongjo led to him experiencing severe anxiety whenever in his father's presence. When Sado came of age at 15, his father appointed him regent, giving him the power to make decisions on ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Queen Hyoui
Queen Hyoui (; 5 January 1754 – 10 April 1821), of the Cheongpung Kim clan (), was the wife and queen consort of King Jeongjo of Joseon. In 1899, Emperor Gojong posthumously gave her the title of Hyoui, the Kind Empress (). Biography Early life and marriage The future queen Hyoui was born on 5 January 1754 in the twenty-ninth year of King Yeongjo's reign. She was the only daughter of Kim Si-muk and his second wife, Lady Hong of the Namyang Hong clan. She married Yi San, then known as the crown prince's son, in 1762 at the age of 9, on the twenty-fifth day of the second lunar month in the thirty-eighth year of King Yeongjo's reign. It was said that the reason why Lady Kim became the wife of the young crown prince was because she came from the Cheongpung Kim clan; the clan of Queen Myeongseong who was her great-great-grand aunt. But in Lady Hyegyeong’s memoir, she stated that the real reason Lady Kim was selected was because of her father. In the winter of 1761, Hong ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Yeongjo Of Joseon
Yeongjo (; 31 October 1694 – 22 April 1776), personal name Yi Geum (), was the 21st monarch of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. He was the second son of King Sukjong by his concubine, Royal Noble Consort Suk of the Haeju Choe clan. Before ascending to power, he was known as Prince Yeoning (). His life was characterized by political infighting and resentment due to his biological mother's low-born origins. In 1720, a few months after the accession of his elder half-brother, Yi Yun (posthumously King Gyeongjong), as the 20th king, Yeoning became the crown prince. This induced a large controversy between the political factions. Nevertheless, four years later, at the death of Gyeongjong, he ascended to the throne. Yeongjo is most remembered for his persistent attempts to reform the taxation system, and reconcile the various factions under his ''Tangpyeong'' policy (). His reign of nearly 52 years was also marked by the highly controversial execution of his only surviving son, ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Crown Prince Hyojang
Crown Prince Hyojang (; April 4, 1719 – December 16, 1728), personal name Yi Haeng (), was the first son of Yeongjo of Joseon, King Yeongjo of Joseon and his concubine, Royal Noble Consort Jeongbin Yi, Royal Noble Consort Jeong of the Hamyang Yi clan. In 1762, 34 years after his death, he became the adoptive father of his half-nephew, the future Jeongjo of Joseon, King Jeongjo. Biography Yi Haeng was the first son and second child of Yi Geum, Prince Yeoning (later Yeongjo of Joseon, King Yeongjo), by one of his concubines, Lady Yi of the Hamyang Yi clan (), a former Gungnyeo, court lady.10살 때 요절한 효장세자 사후 양자 정조가 "아바마마" The Dongah Weekly 2010.12.27. He was born during the reign of his grandfather Sukjong of Joseon, King Sukjong, but his ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Lady Hyegyŏng
Lady Hyegyŏng of the Pungsan Hong clan (; 6 August 1735 – 13 January 1816), also known as Queen Heongyeong (), was a Korean writer and Crown prince, Crown Princess during the Joseon period. She was the wife of Crown Prince Sado and mother of Jeongjo of Joseon, King Jeongjo. In 1903, Emperor Gojong gave her the posthumous name of Heongyeong, the Virtuous Empress (). Early life Lady Hong was born in 1735, the third child and second daughter of the scholar Hong Bong-han of the Pungsan Hong clan and his first wife, Lady Yi of the Hansan Yi clan. Lady Hong was the Consanguinity, great-great-great granddaughter of Princess Jeongmyeong, a daughter of Seonjo of Joseon and Queen Inmok. Because the King is descended from Prince Jeongwon, who was Princess Jeongmyeong's older half-brother and the son of King Seonjo, Lady Hong and King Yeongjo are also 5th cousins. One of her father's younger half-sisters, from her grandfather’s second marriage, eventually married Jo Eom of the Pung ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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House Of Yi
The House of Yi, also called the Yi dynasty (also transcribed as the Lee dynasty), was the royal family of the Joseon dynasty and later the imperial family of the Korean Empire, descended from the Joseon founder Yi Seong-gye. All of his descendants are members of the Jeonju Yi clan. After the Japan–Korea Treaty of 1910, in which the Empire of Japan annexed the Korean Peninsula, some members of the Jeonju Yi clan were incorporated into the Imperial House of Japan and the Japanese peerage by the Japanese government. This lasted until 1947, just before the Constitution of Japan was promulgated. The treaty was nullified in the Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea. With the Constitution succeeding to the Provisional Government, the descendants of the Imperial Family continue to be given preference and constitute a favored symbol in South Korea. The July 2005 funeral of Yi Ku, former head of the royal household, attracted considerable media coverage. ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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List Of Monarchs Of Korea
This is a list of monarchs of Korea, arranged by dynasty. Names are romanized according to the South Korean Revised Romanization of Korean. McCune–Reischauer romanizations may be found at the articles about the individual monarchs. Gojoseon Gojoseon (2333 BC – 108 BC) was the first Korean kingdom. According to legend, it was founded by Dangun in 2333 BC. Bronze Age archaeological evidence of Gojoseon culture is found in northern Korea and Liaoning. By the 9th to 4th century BC, various historical and archaeological evidence shows Gojoseon was a flourishing state and a self-declared kingdom. Both Dangun and Gija are believed to be mythological figures, but recent findings suggest and theorize that since Gojoseon was a kingdom with artifacts dating back to the 4th millennium BC, Dangun and Gija may have been royal or imperial titles used for the monarchs of Gojoseon, hence the use of Dangun for 1900 years. * : "An extreme manifestation of nationalism and the family cult was ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |