Crown Prince Hyojang (; April 4, 1719 – December 16, 1728), personal name Yi Haeng (), was the first son of King Yeongjo of Joseon and his concubine, Royal Noble Consort Jeong of the Hamyang Yi clan. In 1762, 34 years after his death, he became the adoptive father of his half-nephew, the future

King Jeongjo Jeongjo (; 28 October 1752 – 18 August 1800), personal name Yi San (), sometimes called Jeongjo the Great (), was the 22nd monarch of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. He was the second son of Crown Prince Sado and Lady Hyegyŏng, and succeeded ...

Biography

Yi Haeng was the first son and second child of Yi Geum, Prince Yeoning (later

King Yeongjo Yeongjo (; 31 October 1694 – 22 April 1776), personal name Yi Geum (), was the 21st monarch of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. He was the second son of King Sukjong by his concubine, Royal Noble Consort Suk of the Haeju Choe clan. Before asc ...

), by one of his concubines, Lady Yi of the Hamyang Yi clan (), a former

court lady A lady-in-waiting (alternatively written lady in waiting) or court lady is a female personal assistant at a court, attending on a royal woman or a high-ranking noblewoman. Historically, in Europe, a lady-in-waiting was often a noblewoman but o ...

.10살 때 요절한 효장세자 사후 양자 정조가 "아바마마"
The Dongah Weekly 2010.12.27. He was born during the reign of his grandfather King Sukjong, but his birth was not made public, because his biological grandmother, Royal Noble Consort Suk, had died the previous year. In 1720, King Sukjong was succeeded by his eldest son, Crown Prince Yi Yun ( King Gyeongjong). As the new King was childless, his half-brother, Prince Yeoning, was appointed as Crown Prince (). Hyojang's biological mother, Lady Yi, died the following year. In 1724, after the death of King Gyeongjong, Yeoning was crowned as

, the 21st

Joseon Joseon ( ; ; also romanized as ''Chosun''), officially Great Joseon (), was a dynastic kingdom of Korea that existed for 505 years. It was founded by Taejo of Joseon in July 1392 and replaced by the Korean Empire in October 1897. The kingdom w ...

monarch. Yi Haeng was then given the title Prince Gyeongui () and in 1725, he was appointed as Crown Prince. In 1726, Yeongjo selected Lady Jo of the

Pungyang Jo clan The Pungyang Cho clan () is a Korean clan that traces its origin to Namyangju, Gyeonggi Province. According to the 2015 Korean census, the clan has 124,262 members. Origin Cho Maeng (), who was originally known by the name of Pa-u (), was born ...

, the only daughter of Jo Mun-myeong and a niece of Jo Hyeon-myeong, as his son's wife. In 1728, the Crown Prince died in the palace

Changgyeonggung Changgyeonggung () is a palace located in Seoul, South Korea. The palace was built in the mid-15th century by King Sejong for his father, Taejong. It was originally named "Suganggung", but it was renovated and enlarged in 1483 by King Seongjon ...

, at the age of 9, after being ill for some months. The cause of his illness is unknown. His death was devastating to King Yeongjo, who later gave Yi Haeng the

posthumous name A posthumous name is an honorary Personal name, name given mainly to revered dead people in East Asian cultural sphere, East Asian culture. It is predominantly used in Asian countries such as China, Korea, Vietnam, Japan, Malaysia and Thailand. ...

Hyojang. His wife, who was later honored as

Queen Hyosun Queen Hyosun (; 8 January 1716 – 30 December 1751), of the Pungyang Jo clan, was the crown princess of Joseon. She was never known by the title queen during her lifetime. Both Hyosun and her husband were posthumously made the adoptive parents o ...

, outlived by more than two decades. They are buried together, in the Samneung Cluster, in

Paju Paju (; ) is a Administrative divisions of South Korea, city in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. Paju was made a city in 1997; it had previously been a county (''gun''). The city area of Paju is ,"Paju (Gyeonggi-do Province)." ''Naver Encyclopedi ...

Gyeonggi Province Gyeonggi Province (, ) is the most populous province in South Korea. Seoul, the nation's largest city and capital, is in the heart of the area but has been separately administered as a provincial-level ''special city'' since 1946. Incheon, ...

. Their tombs are known as Yeongneung.

After death

In 1735, seven years after his death, his half-brother Yi Seon (later known as Crown Prince Sado) was born and succeeded Hyojang as Crown Prince. In 1762, Sado was imprisoned in a wooden rice chest at the order of his father,

, and died 8 days later, leaving his son, Yi San, as the only royal male heir. Yeongjo was concerned that Yi San, being Sado's child, would be branded as "the son of a sinner" and thus become ineligible to succeed the throne, so in February 1764, he decreed that Yi San would become the adoptive son of the long-dead Crown Prince Hyojang. In 1776, King Yeongjo died of dementia and Yi San succeeded him as

. Surprisingly, on his coronation day, he announced to his courtiers, "I am the son of

Crown Prince Sado Crown Prince Sado (; 13 February 1735 – 12 July 1762), personal name Yi Seon (), was the second son of King Yeongjo of Joseon. His biological mother was Royal Noble Consort Yeong of the Jeonui Yi clan. Due to the prior death of Sado's ...

"."과인은 사도세자의 아들이다"
Ohmynews 2006.10.13. In spite of this, Jeongjo respected the wishes of his grandfather and honored his adoptive father as King, and granted him the

temple name Temple names are posthumous titles accorded to monarchs of the Sinosphere for the purpose of ancestor worship. The practice of honoring monarchs with temple names began during the Shang dynasty in China and had since been adopted by other dynas ...

Jinjong (). Hyojang's wife, the late Crown Princess Hyosun, was also honored as Queen. In 1907, Hyojang was elevated to Emperor So () by

Sunjong of Korea Sunjong (; 25 March 1874 – 24 April 1926), personal name Yi Cheok (), also known as the Yunghui Emperor (), was the last Korean monarch. He ruled from 1907 to 1910 as the second and last emperor of the Korean Empire. Sunjong was elevated to ...

Family

* Father: Yi Geum, King Yeongjo (; 31 October 1694 – 22 April 1776) ** Grandfather:

Sukjong of Joseon Sukjong (; 7 October 1661 – 12 July 1720), personal name Yi Sun (), was the 19th monarch of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. A skilled legislator, he caused multiple changes in political power throughout his reign, by switching among the Namin ...

(; 7 October 1661 – 12 July 1720) ** Biological grandmother: Royal Noble Consort Suk of the Haeju Choe clan (; 6 November 1670 – 9 March 1718) ** Adoptive grandmother: Queen Inwon of the Gyeongju Kim clan (; 3 November 1687 – 13 May 1757) * Biological mother: Royal Noble Consort Jeong of the Hamyang Yi clan (; 1694 – 16 November 1721) ** Grandfather: Yi Hu-cheol () ** Grandmother: Lady Kim of the

Gimhae Kim clan The Gimhae Kim clan () is a Korean clan, descended from Suro of Geumgwan Gaya. King Suro was the founder of Gaya confederacy, and his descendant, Kim Yu-sin is renowned for leading the Silla armies to unify the Three Kingdoms of Korea. More th ...

() * Adoptive mother: Queen Jeongseong of the Daegu Seo clan (; 12 January 1693 – 3 April 1757) Consort(s) and their issue(s) #

of the

(; 8 January 1716 – 30 December 1751) ## Yi San, King Jeongjo (; 28 October 1752 – 18 August 1800)— adoptive son

Ancestry

References

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