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Jean Danysz
Jean Danysz (11 March 1884 – 4 November 1914) born Jan Kazimierz Danysz, was a French physicist of Poland, Polish extraction. He was an assistant of Maria Sklodowska-Curie, Maria Skłodowska-Curie and notable in the development of Beta decay, beta spectrometry. Danysz made considerable advances on the Spectrometer, magnetic deflection techniques of Otto von Baeyer, Baeyer, Otto Hahn, Hahn and Lise Meitner, Meitner, placing the source (he used radium) in a capillary tube under a slit, with a photographic plate in the same horizontal plane. By this means the known number of lines (later understood to be Internal conversion, conversion lines) superimposed on the beta energy spectrum of RaB + RaC went from 9 to 27 (later work by Harold Roper Robinson, Robinson and Rutherford found 64; 16 from RaB and 48 from RaC). He finished his doctoral thesis in 1913, and by 1914 he was considered by Ernest Rutherford, Rutherford as a leading researcher into beta decay, but he did no further ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ernest Rutherford
Ernest Rutherford, 1st Baron Rutherford of Nelson (30 August 1871 – 19 October 1937) was a New Zealand physicist who was a pioneering researcher in both Atomic physics, atomic and nuclear physics. He has been described as "the father of nuclear physics", and "the greatest experimental physics, experimentalist since Michael Faraday". In 1908, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for his investigations into the disintegration of the elements, and the chemistry of radioactive substances." He was the first Oceanian Nobel laureate, and the first to perform the awarded work in Canada. Rutherford's discoveries include the concept of radioactive half-life, the radioactive element radon, and the differentiation and naming of Alpha decay, alpha and Beta particle, beta radiation. Together with Thomas Royds, Rutherford is credited with proving that alpha radiation is composed of helium nuclei. In 1911, he theorized that atoms have their charge concentrated in a very small atomi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1914 Deaths
This year saw the beginning of what became known as the First World War, after Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir to the Austrian throne was Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, assassinated by Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip. It also saw the first airline to provide scheduled regular commercial passenger services with heavier-than-air aircraft, with the St. Petersburg–Tampa Airboat Line. Events January * January 1 – The St. Petersburg–Tampa Airboat Line in the United States starts services between St. Petersburg, Florida, St. Petersburg and Tampa, Florida, becoming the first airline to provide scheduled regular commercial passenger services with heavier-than-air aircraft, with Tony Jannus (the first federally-licensed pilot) conveying passengers in a Benoist XIV flying boat. Abram C. Pheil, mayor of St. Petersburg, is the first airline passenger, and over 3,000 people witness the first departure. * January 11 **The Sakurajima volcano in Japan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1884 Births
Events January * January 4 – The Fabian Society is founded in London to promote gradualist social progress. * January 5 – Gilbert and Sullivan's comic opera '' Princess Ida'', a satire on feminism, premières at the Savoy Theatre, London. * January 7 – German microbiologist Robert Koch isolates '' Vibrio cholerae'', the cholera bacillus, working in India. * January 18 – William Price attempts to cremate his dead baby son, Iesu Grist, in Wales. Later tried and acquitted on the grounds that cremation is not contrary to English law, he is thus able to carry out the ceremony (the first in the United Kingdom in modern times) on March 14, setting a legal precedent. * January – Arthur Conan Doyle's anonymous story " J. Habakuk Jephson's Statement" appears in the ''Cornhill Magazine'' (London). Based on the disappearance of the crew of the '' Mary Celeste'' in 1872, many of the fictional elements introduced by Doyle come to replace the real event ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marian Danysz
Marian Danysz (March 17, 1909 – February 9, 1983) was a Polish physicist, Professor of Physics at Warsaw University. Son of Jan Kazimierz Danysz. In 1952, he co-discovered with Jerzy Pniewski a new kind of matter, an atomic nucleus, which alongside a proton and neutron contains a third particle: the lambda hyperon In particle physics, a hyperon is any baryon containing one or more strange quarks, but no charm, bottom, or top quarks. This form of matter may exist in a stable form within the core of some neutron stars. Hyperons are sometimes generically re ... (). Ten years later, they obtained a hypernucleus in excited state, and the following year a hypernucleus with two lambda hyperons. References 20th-century Polish physicists 1909 births 1983 deaths Fellows of the American Physical Society French emigrants to Poland Recipients of the Medal of the 10th Anniversary of the People's Republic of Poland {{Poland-scientist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean Danysz (biologist)
Jean Danysz (1860–1928) was a Polish pathologist with a considerable career in France, having spent much of his adult life at the Pasteur Institute in Paris. In 1890 he isolated Salmonella typhimurium. In 1893, he was involved in research into the flour moth, "scourge of the flour mill", Ephestia kuehniella. In 1898, he was working on rinderpest. In 1903, he worked on a way to control the vole plague in France. He was, in 1903, the first person to use radium to treat malignant diseases. He was contacted in 1905 regarding Australia's rabbit plagues and responding to the New South Wales government's offer of £25,000 for a novel solution to the country's rabbit pest problem, he arrived in Australia the following year to advise on biological control measures. He brought a strain of Pasteurella bacteria which he had developed to selectively kill feral rabbits and conducted a series of trials on Broughton Island, New South Wales coast with his team. He left in May 1907 after a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cormicy
Cormicy () is a commune in the Marne department in north-eastern France. On 1 January 2017, the former commune of Gernicourt was merged into Cormicy. 31 December 2016 See also *Communes of the Marne department
The following is a list of the 610 communes in the French department of Marne.
The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2025):
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Beta Decay
In nuclear physics, beta decay (β-decay) is a type of radioactive decay in which an atomic nucleus emits a beta particle (fast energetic electron or positron), transforming into an isobar of that nuclide. For example, beta decay of a neutron transforms it into a proton by the emission of an electron accompanied by an antineutrino; or, conversely a proton is converted into a neutron by the emission of a positron with a neutrino in what is called ''positron emission''. Neither the beta particle nor its associated (anti-)neutrino exist within the nucleus prior to beta decay, but are created in the decay process. By this process, unstable atoms obtain a more stable ratio of protons to neutrons. The probability of a nuclide decaying due to beta and other forms of decay is determined by its nuclear binding energy. The binding energies of all existing nuclides form what is called the nuclear band or valley of stability. For either electron or positron emission to be energeticall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radium Series
In nuclear science a decay chain refers to the predictable series of radioactive disintegrations undergone by the nuclei of certain unstable chemical elements. Radioactive isotopes do not usually decay directly to stable isotopes, but rather into another radioisotope. The isotope produced by this radioactive emission then decays into another, often radioactive isotope. This chain of decays always terminates in a stable isotope, whose nucleus no longer has the surplus of energy necessary to produce another emission of radiation. Such stable isotopes may be said to have reached their '' ground states''. The stages or steps in a decay chain are referred to by their relationship to previous or subsequent stages. Hence, a ''parent isotope'' is one that undergoes decay to form a ''daughter isotope''. For example element 92, uranium, has an isotope with 144 neutrons ( 236U) and it decays into an isotope of element 90, thorium, with 142 neutrons ( 232Th). The daughter isotope may be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukraine to the east, Slovakia and the Czech Republic to the south, and Germany to the west. The territory has a varied landscape, diverse ecosystems, and a temperate climate. Poland is composed of Voivodeships of Poland, sixteen voivodeships and is the fifth most populous member state of the European Union (EU), with over 38 million people, and the List of European countries by area, fifth largest EU country by area, covering . The capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city is Warsaw; other major cities include Kraków, Wrocław, Łódź, Poznań, and Gdańsk. Prehistory and protohistory of Poland, Prehistoric human activity on Polish soil dates to the Lower Paleolithic, with continuous settlement since the end of the Last Gla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harold Roper Robinson
Harold Roper Robinson FRS (26 November 1889 – 28 November 1955) was a physicist and, in later life, an outstanding figure in university administration. Early life Robinson was born at 36 Ainslie Street in Ulverston, Lancashire on 26 November 1889, the eldest of four brothers and one sister to James Robinson, a managing clerk in a solicitor's office. Harold was educated at the Wesleyan School then the Victoria Secondary School in Ulverston. In 1908 he went to the University of Manchester to study physics on a scholarship. He graduated with a BSc in 1911 and gained an MSC in 1912. His postgraduate studies, and duties as an Assistant Lecturer. were interrupted by the First World War during which he served as a 2nd Lt in the Royal Garrison Artillery in France from 1915. He later transferred to the Field Survey Battalion of the Royal Engineers (mapping) first as a Captain then as an Adjutant. During the war, he worked with Lawrence Bragg on soundranging. After the war (1920) he ga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
