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J. Scott Duckers
James Scott Duckers (1883 – 2 May 1941) also J. Scott Duckers, was an English lawyer, and prominent pacifist organiser and conscientious objector of World War I. He is now best known for his wartime memoir ''Handed Over''. Early life Duckers was brought up in Wetheral, Cumberland; his sister Margaret Ellison Duckers was a nurse who died at Salonika in 1917. He was the son of James S. Duckers of Wetheral, and was born in Bristol; he was educated at Carlisle Grammar School. He was articled to Wannup & Westmorland, solicitors in Carlisle, where he was clerk to Edmund Westmorland. Duckers qualified as a solicitor in 1905. In 1907 he was in the legal department of the Birmingham Small Arms Company. In 1910 he worked as a secretary to Herbert Samuel. He was known as a Wesleyan Methodist; and he gave ''pro bono'' legal advice, as a volunteer with the mission and social work of the Baptist ministers F. B. Meyer and Thomas Phillips (1868–1936). London addresses for Duckers in 1911 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pacifist
Pacifism is the opposition or resistance to war, militarism (including conscription and mandatory military service) or violence. Pacifists generally reject theories of Just War. The word ''pacifism'' was coined by the French peace campaigner Émile Arnaud and adopted by other peace activists at the tenth Universal Peace Congress in Glasgow in 1901. A related term is '' ahimsa'' (to do no harm), which is a core philosophy in Indian Religions such as Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism. While modern connotations are recent, having been explicated since the 19th century, ancient references abound. In modern times, interest was revived by Leo Tolstoy in his late works, particularly in '' The Kingdom of God Is Within You''. Mahatma Gandhi propounded the practice of steadfast nonviolent opposition which he called "satyagraha", instrumental in its role in the Indian Independence Movement. Its effectiveness served as inspiration to Martin Luther King Jr., James Lawson, Mary and Ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eighty Club
The Eighty Club was a political London gentlemen's club named after the year it was founded, 1880 (much like the later 1900 Club and 1920 Club). It was strictly aligned to the Liberal Party, with members having to pledge support to join. Somewhat dwarfed by mass-membership clubs like the National Liberal Club, it could only claim 400 members in 1890, and 600 by 1900. H. H. Asquith was the first secretary of the Eighty Club and David Lloyd George was sometime President. The Club finally closed in 1978, although the name was then adopted as the title of the Association of Liberal Democrat Lawyers' annual lecture series.Cook ''Routledge Guide to British Political Archives'' (2006) Notes See also *List of London's gentlemen's clubs This is a list of gentlemen's clubs in London, United Kingdom, including those that no longer exist or merged, with an additional section on those that appear in fiction. Many of these clubs are no longer exclusively male. Extant clubs Def ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Labour Leader
The ''Labour Leader'' was a British socialist newspaper published for almost one hundred years. It was later renamed ''New Leader'' and ''Socialist Leader'', before finally taking the name ''Labour Leader'' again. 19th century The origins of the paper lay in ''The Miner'', a monthly paper founded by Keir Hardie in 1887. Its main purpose was to advocate for a federation of Scottish miners."Hardie, (James) Keir", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography The first issue contained an influential programme for labour, co-authored by Hardie and Chisholm Robertson,David Howell, ''British Workers and the Independent Labour Party, 1888-1906'', p.146 marking Hardie's switch from support for the Liberal Party to advocating independent labour candidacies. The paper was used as Hardie's platform in the 1888 Mid Lanarkshire by-election, following which Hardie became a founder member of the Scottish Labour Party and relaunched ''The Miner'' as the ''Labour Leader''. In 1893 the Scottish Labou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clifford Allen, 1st Baron Allen Of Hurtwood
Reginald Clifford Allen, 1st Baron Allen of Hurtwood (9 May 1889 – 3 March 1939), known as Clifford Allen, was a British politician, leading member of the Independent Labour Party (ILP), and prominent pacifist. Early life and education The son of Walter Allen, a draper, Reginald Clifford Allen was born in Newport, then in Monmouthshire in Wales. The family later moved to Bristol, on account of Walter's business. Allen was educated at Berkhamsted School, University College, Bristol and, from 1908 to 1911, at Peterhouse, Cambridge. Having initially identified as a Conservative, in his final year at Cambridge he was chair of the university's Fabian Society. Career Shortly after coming down from Cambridge with a third-class degree, he was made Secretary and then General Manager of the '' Daily Citizen'' between 1911 and 1915. He was Chairman of the No-Conscription Fellowship in the First World War, and was imprisoned as a conscientious objector three times. In 1917 he became so i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harold Morris (politician)
Sir Harold Spencer Morris MBE (21 December 1876 – 11 November 1967) was an English barrister, judge and National Liberal MP. Family and education Harold Morris was born in Highbury, London, the son of Sir Malcolm Morris, KCVO, the eminent surgeon and dermatologist. He was educated at Clifton College and Magdalen College, Oxford. Morris married Olga Teichman of Chislehurst. They had one son and four daughters.''Who was Who'', OUP 2007 Career Morris graduated in law from Oxford. He was called to the Bar by the Inner Temple in 1899 and joined the South-East Circuit. Between 1914 and 1919 he served the Coldstream Guards, including two and half years service in France was mentioned in dispatches and awarded the military MBE. He took silk in 1921 and was the same year appointed Recorder of Folkestone, serving until 1926. One of his first cases as a barrister was appearing on behalf of Vernon Henry St John in his peerage claim, which was something of a scandal at the time. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holford Knight
George Wilfrid Holford Knight (23 April 1877 – 26 April 1936) was Liberal parliamentary candidate and later Labour Party then National Labour MP for Nottingham South. Knight was educated at the University of London before becoming a barrister with Middle Temple. He was attached to the Central Criminal Court from 1911 to 1930, and then served as Recorder of West Ham from 1930 to 1937. He first fought Wokingham in January 1910, and Bromley in 1918, both as a Liberal. He then moved to the Labour Party, contesting Hackney South Hackney South was a parliamentary constituency in "The Metropolis" (later the County of London). It was represented by nine Members of Parliament to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, only two of whom, Horatio ... twice in 1922, and Plymouth Devonport in 1924. He won Nottingham South for Labour from the Conservatives in 1929, held the seat as a National Labour candidate in 1931, but stood down in 1935. Referenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salford
Salford () is a city and the largest settlement in the City of Salford metropolitan borough in Greater Manchester, England. In 2011, Salford had a population of 103,886. It is also the second and only other city in the metropolitan county after neighbouring Manchester. Salford is located in a meander of the River Irwell which forms part of its boundary with Manchester. The former County Borough of Salford, which also included Broughton, Greater Manchester, Broughton, Pendleton, Greater Manchester, Pendleton and Kersal, was granted city status in 1926. In 1974 the wider Metropolitan Borough of the City of Salford was established with responsibility for a significantly larger region. Historic counties of England, Historically in Lancashire, Salford was the judicial seat of the ancient Salford Hundred, hundred of Salfordshire. It was granted a charter by Ranulf de Blondeville, 6th Earl of Chester, in about 1230, making Salford a free borough of greater cultural and commercial impo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ronald McNeill
Ronald John McNeill, 1st Baron Cushendun, PC (30 April 1861 – 12 October 1934), was a British Conservative politician. Background and education McNeill was born in Ulster. He was the son of Edmund McNeill, DL, JP, and Sheriff of County Antrim, and his wife Mary (née Miller). He was educated at Harrow and Christ Church, Oxford, graduating in 1886. He was called to the bar in 1888, and started to work as editor of ''The St James's Gazette'' (1900–04) as well as assistant editor of the ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' (1906–10). Political career Having unsuccessfully contested the seats of West Aberdeenshire (1906), Aberdeen South (1907 and Jan 1910), and Kirkcudbrightshire (Dec 1910), McNeill was elected as Unionist Member of Parliament for the St Augustine's division of Kent in 1911. Seven years later he became representative for Canterbury, and in 1922 was appointed Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, a post he held, with a short interval for the first ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union Of Democratic Control
The Union of Democratic Control was a British pressure group formed in 1914 to press for a more responsive foreign policy. While not a pacifist organisation, it was opposed to military influence in government. World War I The impetus for the formation of the UDC was the outbreak of the First World War, which its founders saw as having resulted from largely secret international understandings which were not subject to democratic overview. The principal founders were Charles P. Trevelyan, a Liberal government minister who had resigned his post in opposition to the declaration of war, and Ramsay MacDonald who resigned as Chairman of the Labour Party when it supported the government's war budget. Also taking a key role in setting up the Union were politician Arthur Ponsonby, author Norman Angell and journalist E. D. Morel. Following an initial letter circulated on 4 September 1914, an inaugural meeting was organised for 17 November. While non-partisan, the UDC was dominated by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bertrand Russell
Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl Russell, (18 May 1872 – 2 February 1970) was a British mathematician, philosopher, logician, and public intellectual. He had a considerable influence on mathematics, logic, set theory, linguistics, artificial intelligence, cognitive science, computer science and various areas of analytic philosophy, especially philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of language, epistemology, and metaphysics.Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy"Bertrand Russell" 1 May 2003. He was one of the early 20th century's most prominent logicians, and a founder of analytic philosophy, along with his predecessor Gottlob Frege, his friend and colleague G. E. Moore and his student and protégé Ludwig Wittgenstein. Russell with Moore led the British "revolt against British idealism, idealism". Together with his former teacher Alfred North Whitehead, A. N. Whitehead, Russell wrote ''Principia Mathematica'', a milestone in the development of classical logic, and a major ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marxist
Marxism is a left-wing to far-left method of socioeconomic analysis that uses a materialist interpretation of historical development, better known as historical materialism, to understand class relations and social conflict and a dialectical perspective to view social transformation. It originates from the works of 19th-century German philosophers Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. As Marxism has developed over time into various branches and schools of thought, no single, definitive Marxist theory exists. In addition to the schools of thought which emphasize or modify elements of classical Marxism, various Marxian concepts have been incorporated and adapted into a diverse array of social theories leading to widely varying conclusions. Alongside Marx's critique of political economy, the defining characteristics of Marxism have often been described using the terms dialectical materialism and historical materialism, though these terms were coined after Marx's death and their tenets ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Independent Labour Party
The Independent Labour Party (ILP) was a British political party of the left, established in 1893 at a conference in Bradford, after local and national dissatisfaction with the Liberal Party (UK), Liberals' apparent reluctance to endorse working-class candidates, representing the interests of the majority. A sitting independent MP and prominent union organiser, Keir Hardie, became its first chairman. The party was positioned to the left of Ramsay MacDonald's Labour Representation Committee (1900), Labour Representation Committee, which was founded in 1900 and soon renamed the Labour Party (UK), Labour Party, and to which the ILP was affiliated from 1906 to 1932. In 1947, the organisation's three parliamentary representatives defected to the Labour Party, and the organisation rejoined Labour as Independent Labour Publications in 1975. Organisational history Background As the nineteenth century came to a close, working-class representation in political office became a great con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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