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Istana Merdeka
The Merdeka Palace (; also known in Indonesian as and during the Dutch colonial times as ), is one of seven presidential palaces in Indonesia. It is located on the north side of the Merdeka Square in Central Jakarta, Indonesia, and was used as the official residence of the president of the Republic of Indonesia. The palace was a residence for the governor-general of the Dutch East Indies during the colonial era. In 1949, the palace was renamed Merdeka Palace, "(an)" meaning "freedom" or "independence". The Merdeka Palace is part of the Jakarta Presidential Palace Complex, which also includes the Negara Palace, Wisma Negara ( state guest house), Sekretariat Negara (State Secretariat), and the Bina Graha building. It is the center of the Indonesian executive authority. History The beginning The building that is now the Merdeka Palace was built on the premise of the Rijswijk Palace (present Istana Negara) when it was considered no longer sufficient for administrative pur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Merdeka Square, Jakarta
Merdeka Square (Indonesian language, Indonesian: ''Medan Merdeka'' or ''Lapangan Merdeka'', formerly , lit. "King's Square") is a large square located in the center of Jakarta, Indonesia. ''Merdeka'' is the Indonesian language, Indonesian word for Political freedom, freedom or independence. Measuring approximately one square kilometer in area, if the surrounding fields within the Merdeka Square are included, it is considered List of city squares by size, one of the largest squares in the world. At 75 hectares, it is over five times the size of Tiananmen Square, and 12 times the size of Place de la Concorde. At its center stands the National Monument (Indonesia), National Monument, often called ''Monas'' (''Monumen Nasional''). The paved plaza surrounds the monument often host national events such as Military parade, military and Float (parade), float parades, as well as Demonstration (people), civic demonstrations. Surrounding the Monument is now a park with a musical fountain in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Official Residence
An official is someone who holds an office (function or mandate, regardless of whether it carries an actual working space with it) in an organization or government and participates in the exercise of authority (either their own or that of their superior or employer, public or legally private). An elected official is a person who is an official by virtue of an election. Officials may also be appointed '' ex officio'' (by virtue of another office, often in a specified capacity, such as presiding, advisory, secretary). Some official positions may be inherited. A person who currently holds an office is referred to as an incumbent. Something "official" refers to something endowed with governmental or other authoritative recognition or mandate, as in official language, official gazette, or official scorer. Etymology The word ''official'' as a noun has been recorded since the Middle English period, first seen in 1314. It comes from the Old French ' (12th century), from the Latin" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gazebo
A gazebo is a pavilion structure, sometimes octagonal or Gun turret, turret-shaped, often built in a park, garden, or spacious public area. Some are used on occasions as bandstands. In British English, the word is also used for a tent-like canopy with open sides to provide shelter from sun and rain at outdoor events. Etymology The etymology given by Oxford Dictionaries (website), Oxford Dictionaries is "Mid 18th century: perhaps humorously from gaze, in imitation of Latin future tenses ending in -ebo: compare with lavabo." L. L. Bacon put forward a derivation from ''Casbah of Algiers, Casbah'', a Muslim quarter around the citadel in Algiers.Bacon, Leonard Lee. "Gazebos and Alambras", ''American Notes and Queries'' 8:6 (1970): 87–87 W. Sayers proposed Andalusian Arabic, Hispano-Arabic ''qushaybah'', in a poem by Córdoba, Spain, Cordoban poet Ibn Quzman (d. 1160).William Sayers, ''Eastern prospects: Kiosks, belvederes, gazebos''. Neophilologus 87: 299–305, 200/ref> The wor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yogyakarta (city)
Yogyakarta is the capital city of the Special Region of Yogyakarta in Indonesia, in the south-central part of the island of Java. As the only Indonesian royal city still ruled by Hamengkubuwono, a monarchy, Yogyakarta is regarded as an important centre for classical Javanese culture, Javanese fine arts and culture such as ballet, ''batik'' textiles, drama, Javanese literature, literature, music of Java, music, Javanese poetry, poetry, silversmithing, visual arts, and ''wayang'' puppetry. Renowned as a centre of Education in Indonesia, Indonesian education, Yogyakarta is home to a large student population and dozens of schools and universities, including Gadjah Mada University, the country's largest institute of higher education and one of its most prestigious. Yogyakarta is the capital of the Yogyakarta Sultanate and served as the Indonesian capital from 1946 to 1948 during the Indonesian National Revolution, with Gedung Agung as the president's office. One of the districts in s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sukarno
Sukarno (6 June 1901 – 21 June 1970) was an Indonesian statesman, orator, revolutionary, and nationalist who was the first president of Indonesia, serving from 1945 to 1967. Sukarno was the leader of the Indonesian struggle for independence from the Dutch East Indies, Dutch colonialists. He was a prominent leader of Indonesian National Party, Indonesia's nationalist movement during the colonial period and spent over a decade under Dutch detention until released by the Dutch East Indies campaign, invading Empire of Japan, Japanese forces in World War II. Sukarno and his fellow nationalists Collaboration with Imperial Japan#Dutch East Indies (Indonesia), collaborated to garner support for the Japanese war effort from the population, in exchange for Japanese aid in spreading nationalist ideas. Upon Surrender of Japan, Japanese surrender, Sukarno and Mohammad Hatta Proclamation of Indonesian Independence, declared Indonesian independence on 17 August 1945, and Sukarno was appoin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tony Lovink
Antonius Hermanus Johannes Lovink (12 July 1902 – 27 March 1995) was a Dutch diplomat who served as the last High Commissioner of the Crown in the Dutch East Indies from 18 May 1949 until 27 December 1949, the year the Dutch East Indies declared independence from the Netherlands, and renamed itself Indonesia. He was the son of former member of parliament Hermanus Johannes Lovink, who was also mayor of Alphen. In May 1942, he arrived in London from the Japanese-occupied Dutch East Indies. Lovink became secretary-general of the Department of General Warfare of the Dutch government in exile. Lovink, after a diplomatic and civil service career, succeeded Beel as High Representative of the Crown in the Dutch East Indies in May 1949. His time in that position was not always a happy one, and he did not stay in Indonesia after the transfer of sovereignty in December 1949, as initially intended. He later served as Dutch Ambassador to Canada Canada is a country in No ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Merdeka
''Merdeka'' ( Jawi: ; , ) is a term in Indonesian and Malay which means "independent" or " free". It is derived from the Sanskrit ''maharddhika'' (महर्द्धिक) meaning "rich, prosperous, and powerful". In the Malay Archipelago, this term had acquired the meaning of a freed slave. The term is also used in other Indonesian languages. The term ''Mardijker'' is a Dutch corruption of the Portuguese version of the original Sanskrit words and was used to designate former Portuguese and Dutch slaves from India in the East Indies, known as Mardijkers, whence the Malay meaning of "free(dom)" is derived. The Mardijkers were former Catholic slaves brought from India and the East Indies, who were liberated by the Dutch if they abandoned Catholicism and joined the Dutch Reformed Church. The term was used by the anti-colonialist and pro-independence movements in the colonial territories of the Dutch East Indies, British Malaya, and the Straits Settlements. It became a ral ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flag Of Indonesia
The national flag of Indonesia is a simple Bicolour (flag), bicolor with two horizontal bands, red (top) and white (bottom) with an overall ratio of 2:3. It was introduced and hoisted in public during the Proclamation of Indonesian Independence, proclamation of independence on 17 August 1945 at 56 Jalan Proklamasi (formerly Jalan Pegangsaan Timur) in Jakarta, and again when the Dutch United States of Indonesia, formally transferred sovereignty on 27 December 1949. The design of the flag has remained unchanged since. The flag of Indonesia is graphically similar to the flag of Monaco, with a slight difference in the shade of red, and ratio of its dimensions. The flag of Poland has similar dimensions but has the colours reversed: white on top and red on the bottom. In both Monaco's and Poland's flags, the reds are of a slightly darker shade than that of Indonesia. The flag of Singapore has exactly the same dimensions as Indonesia's, but supplemented with a white crescent moon and f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesian National Revolution
The Indonesian National Revolution (), also known as the Indonesian War of Independence (, ), was an armed conflict and diplomatic struggle between the Republic of Indonesia and the Dutch Empire and an internal social revolution during Aftermath of WWII, postwar and Dutch East Indies#World War II and independence, postcolonial Indonesia. It took place between Indonesian Declaration of Independence, Indonesia's declaration of independence in 1945 and the Netherlands' Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference, transfer of sovereignty over the Dutch East Indies to the Republic of the United States of Indonesia at the end of 1949. The four-year struggle involved sporadic but bloody armed conflict, internal Indonesian political and communal upheavals, and two major international diplomatic interventions. Dutch military forces (and, for a while, the forces of the World War II Allies, World War II allies) were able to control the major towns, cities and industrial assets in Repu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Occupation Of The Dutch East Indies
The Empire of Japan occupied the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) during World War II from March 1942 until after the end of the war in September 1945. In May 1940, Germany German invasion of the Netherlands, occupied the Netherlands, and martial law was declared in the Dutch East Indies. Following the failure of negotiations between the Dutch authorities and the Japanese, Japanese assets in the archipelago were frozen. The Dutch declared war on Japan following the 7 December 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor. The Japanese invasion of the Dutch East Indies began on 10 January 1942, and the Imperial Japanese Army overran the entire colony in less than three months. The Dutch surrendered on 8 March. Initially, most Indonesians welcomed the Japanese as liberators from their Dutch colonial masters. The sentiment changed, however, as between 4 and 10 million Indonesians were recruited as forced labourers (''romusha'') on economic development and defense projects in Java. Between 200 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tjarda Van Starkenborgh Stachouwer
Alidius Warmoldus Lambertus Tjarda van Starkenborgh Stachouwer (7 March 1888 – 16 August 1978) was a Dutch nobleman and statesman, primarily noted for being the last colonial Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies, Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies, now Indonesia. He was taken captive after accepting Japan's demands for an unconditional surrender of the islands on 9 March 1942. Tjarda was the 69th governor-general of the largest Dutch colony in Asia. He served from 1936 to 1942. He came from an old noble family in Groningen and was the son of Edzard Tjarda van Starkenborgh-Stachouwer. his father Edzard was a professor of history, Dutch language and philosophy at a high school in Groningen and royal commissioner in the province of Groningen, as well as later burgomaster of the city, while his mother Christine Jacobe Quintus was music teacher and Soprano, opera soprano. His personal name was Alidius Warmoldus Lambertus, while was his noble and peerage title. Howeve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
