|
Iraq Development Road
The Iraq Development Road () is an ongoing infrastructure project aiming to connect Asia with Europe by establishing a network of railways, roads, ports, and cities. It will link the Grand Faw Port in southern Iraq to Turkey's border and further extend into Europe. Overview Nicknamed the Dry Canal (), the project is expected to turn the country into a transit center by shortening travel time between Asia and Europe, in an attempt to compete with Egypt's Suez Canal. It is also expected to strengthen Iraq's geopolitical position in the region and the world. In addition, it will increase security and stability in the region. Observers and decision-makers note that the project is planned to be completed in three stages by 2028, 2033 and 2050 and will open Iraq to the world through Turkey, and will generate $4 billion annually and create at least 100,000 jobs. According to the World Bank, Iraq is gradually transitioning towards reconstruction and development, and the Development Road ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grand Faw Port
The Grand Faw Port () is a port under construction on the coast of Iraq, in proximity of the city of Al-Faw, on the northern tip of the Arabian Gulf. It is meant to be the southern terminal of the Iraq Development Road and is considered a strategic national project for Iraq. It is planned to become one of the largest ports in the world and the largest in the Middle East. In addition, it is hoped to strengthen Iraq's geopolitical position in the region and the world. History The port is located in the Faw peninsula, south of Basra. The history of this project dates back to after the Second World War, then was re-presented in the seventies, and the first serious and operational implementation steps began in the eighties, but after the outbreak of the Iran-Iraq war, the project was halted. After the military invasion of Iraq led by United States and allies, and the fall of the previous regime, major international investment companies headed to Iraq to re-propose the implement ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Arab Emirates
The United Arab Emirates (UAE), or simply the Emirates, is a country in West Asia, in the Middle East, at the eastern end of the Arabian Peninsula. It is a Federal monarchy, federal elective monarchy made up of Emirates of the United Arab Emirates, seven emirates, with Abu Dhabi serving as its capital. It shares land borders with Oman to the east and northeast, and with Saudi Arabia to the southwest; as well as maritime borders in the Persian Gulf with Qatar and Iran, and with Oman in the Gulf of Oman. , the UAE has an estimated population of over 10 million, of which 11% are Emiratis; Dubai is List of cities in the United Arab Emirates, its most populous city and is an international hub. Islam is the State religion, official religion and Arabic is the official language, while English is the most spoken language and the language of business. The United Arab Emirates Oil reserves in the United Arab Emirates, oil and natural gas reserves are the world's List of countries by pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Economy Of Iraq
The economy of Iraq is dominated by the oil sector, which provided 89% of foreign exchange earnings in 2024. During its modern history, the oil sector has provided about 99.7% of foreign exchange earnings. Agrarian economy underwent rapid development following the 14 July Revolution in 1958 which overthrew the Hashemite monarchy. It had become the third-largest economy in the Middle East by 1980. This occurred in part because of the industrialization and infrastructure development initiatives led by Saddam Hussein in the 1970s, which included irrigation projects, railway and highway construction, and rural electrification. In the 1980s, financial problems caused by massive expenditures in the Iran-Iraq War and damage to oil export facilities by Iran's military led the Ba'athist government to implement austerity measures, to borrow heavily, and to later reschedule foreign debt payments. Iraq suffered economic losses of at least $80 billion from the war. In 1988, the hostilities ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Development Fund (Iraq)
The Iraq Development Fund (), is a development finance institution established on 7 August 2023 by Prime Minister Muhammad Shayya al-Sudani. The fund is chaired by the Prime Minister of Iraq, and its purpose is to create an optimal investment environment, as well as develop and diversify the country's non-oil economic resources. With a heavy emphasis on strengthening the private sector, the fund finances projects of significant social and environmental value. As an institution associated with the Council of Ministers, it receives its funding from the annual central government budget. Overview Iraq's economy is dominated by the oil sector, constituting 85% of the annual budget. The economy's heavy reliance on oil production exposes the country to the volatility of the global oil market; namely macroeconomic shocks that cause the drop of oil prices. In 2020, the global COVID-19 pandemic's effect on oil prices devastated the country's economy, causing a significant budget crisis. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berlin–Baghdad Railway
The Baghdad railway, also known as the Berlin–Baghdad railway (, , , ), was started in 1903 to connect Berlin with the then Ottoman Empire, Ottoman city of Baghdad, from where the Germans wanted to establish a port on the Persian Gulf, with a line through modern-day Turkey, Syria, and Iraq. Jean-Pierre Filiu, in his 2022 History of the Middle East (p201), summing up the situation on the eve of the First World War, says of this (projected) railway, 'The British ensured that the last stretch of the railway line, linking Baghdad to the port of Basra on the Persian Gulf, was reserved for them.' The current line from Baghdad to Basra was not opened until 2014. The line was completed only in 1940. By the outbreak of World War I, the railway was still 960 km (600 miles) away from its intended objective. The last stretch to Baghdad was built in the late 1930s, and the first train to travel from Istanbul to Baghdad departed in 1940. Funding, engineering and construction were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Türk Telekom
Türk Telekomünikasyon A.Ş. () is a state-owned Turkish telecommunications company. Türk Telekom was separated from Turkish Post (PTT) in 1995. Türk Telekom Group provides integrated telecommunication services for PSTN, GSM, and wideband Internet. The Türk Telekom Group companies had 16.8 million PSTN customers, 6 million ADSL customers and 12.1 million GSM customers in September 2009. With its network substructure covering the whole country, the group's companies offer a wide range of services to personal and corporate customers. Türk Telekom, which owns 99.9% of the shares of the companies TTNET, Argela, Innova, Sebit A.Ş. and AssisTT, is also the owner of 81% of the shares of Avea, which is one of the three GSM operators in Turkey. Türk Telekom also supports Albania's Albtelecom. 61.5% of the shares of Türk Telekom belong to Turkey Wealth Fund, while 30% of the shares belong to the Ministry of Treasury and Finance (Turkey). The remaining 15% of shares have been ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Communications (Iraq)
The Ministry of Communications (MoC) of Iraq is the federal government ministry concerned with providing basic telecommunications services to the public, government, and businesses. The MoC provides postal service to the general public and manages postal savings accounts. It also runs the State Company for Internet Services and represents Iraq at international organization such as the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and the Universal Postal Union (IPU). See also * National Communications and Media Commission of Iraq< ...
|
Mosul
Mosul ( ; , , ; ; ; ) is a major city in northern Iraq, serving as the capital of Nineveh Governorate. It is the second largest city in Iraq overall after the capital Baghdad. Situated on the banks of Tigris, the city encloses the ruins of the ancient Old Assyrian Empire, Assyrian city of Nineveh—once the List of largest cities throughout history, largest city in the world—on its east side. Due to its strategic and central location, the city has traditionally served as one of the hubs of international commerce and travel in the region. It is considered as one of the historically and culturally significant cities of the Arab world. The North Mesopotamian dialect of Arabic commonly known as North Mesopotamian Arabic, ''Moslawi'' is named after Mosul, and is widely spoken in the region. Together, with the Nineveh Plains, Mosul is a historical center of the Assyrian people, Assyrians. The surrounding region is ethnically and religiously diverse; a large majority of the city is A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Washington Post
''The Washington Post'', locally known as ''The'' ''Post'' and, informally, ''WaPo'' or ''WP'', is an American daily newspaper published in Washington, D.C., the national capital. It is the most widely circulated newspaper in the Washington metropolitan area and has a national audience. As of 2023, the ''Post'' had 130,000 print subscribers and 2.5 million digital subscribers, both of which were the List of newspapers in the United States, third-largest among U.S. newspapers after ''The New York Times'' and ''The Wall Street Journal''. The ''Post'' was founded in 1877. In its early years, it went through several owners and struggled both financially and editorially. In 1933, financier Eugene Meyer (financier), Eugene Meyer purchased it out of bankruptcy and revived its health and reputation; this work was continued by his successors Katharine Graham, Katharine and Phil Graham, Meyer's daughter and son-in-law, respectively, who bought out several rival publications. The ''Post ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Multimodal Transport
Multimodal transport (also known as combined transport) is the transportation of goods under a single contract, but performed with at least two different modes of transport; the carrier is liable (in a legal sense) for the entire carriage, even though it is performed by several different modes of transport (by rail, sea and road, for example). The carrier does not have to possess all the means of transport, and in practice usually does not; the carriage is often performed by sub-carriers (referred to in legal language as "actual carriers"). The carrier responsible for the entire carriage is referred to as a multimodal transport operator, or MTO. Article 1.1. of the ''United Nations Convention on International Multimodal Transport of Goods'' (Geneva, 24 May 1980) (which will only enter into force 12 months after 30 countries ratify; as of May 2019, only 6 countries have ratified the treaty) defines multimodal transport as follows: "'International multimodal transport' means the ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukraine to the east, Slovakia and the Czech Republic to the south, and Germany to the west. The territory has a varied landscape, diverse ecosystems, and a temperate climate. Poland is composed of Voivodeships of Poland, sixteen voivodeships and is the fifth most populous member state of the European Union (EU), with over 38 million people, and the List of European countries by area, fifth largest EU country by area, covering . The capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city is Warsaw; other major cities include Kraków, Wrocław, Łódź, Poznań, and Gdańsk. Prehistory and protohistory of Poland, Prehistoric human activity on Polish soil dates to the Lower Paleolithic, with continuous settlement since the end of the Last Gla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
UNECE
The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (ECE or UNECE) is an intergovernmental organization or a specialized body of the United Nations. The UNECE is one of five regional commissions under the jurisdiction of the United Nations Economic and Social Council. It was established in 1947 in order to promote economic cooperation and integration among its member states. The commission is composed of 56 member states, most of which are based in Europe, as well as a few outside Europe. Its transcontinental Eurasian or non-European member states include: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Canada, Cyprus, Georgia, Israel, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, the Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, the United States and Uzbekistan. History The commission was first proposed in London in the summer of 1946 by the Temporary Subcommission on the Reconstruction of Devastated Areas. The commission was established by the Economic and Social Council on 28 March 1947 in order to "Initia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
