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Development Fund (Iraq)
The Iraq Development Fund (), is a development finance institution established on 7 August 2023 by Prime Minister Muhammad Shayya al-Sudani. The fund is chaired by the Prime Minister of Iraq, and its purpose is to create an optimal investment environment, as well as develop and diversify the country's non-oil economic resources. With a heavy emphasis on strengthening the private sector, the fund finances projects of significant social and environmental value. As an institution associated with the Council of Ministers, it receives its funding from the annual central government budget. Overview Iraq's economy is dominated by the oil sector, constituting 85% of the annual budget. The economy's heavy reliance on oil production exposes the country to the volatility of the global oil market; namely macroeconomic shocks that cause the drop of oil prices. In 2020, the global COVID-19 pandemic's effect on oil prices devastated the country's economy, causing a significant budget crisis. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Development Finance Institution
Development finance institution (DFI), also known as a Development bank, is a financial institution that provides risk capital for economic development projects on a non-commercial basis. DFIs are often established and owned by governments or nonprofit organizations to finance projects that would otherwise not be able to get financing from commercial lenders. They are often structured as a company that provides loans for projects that a government or nonprofit wants to encourage for non commercial reasons. They can be at a local, national or international level. DFIs include multilateral development banks, national development banks, bilateral development banks, microfinance institutions, community development financial institution and revolving loan funds.Andrea Levere, Bill Schweke, and Beadsie Woo, Development Finance and Regional Economic Development, Washington, DC: CFED, July 2006 Mandate DFIs can play a crucial role in financing private and public sector invest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turkey
Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Iran to the east; Iraq, Syria, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south; and the Aegean Sea, Greece, and Bulgaria to the west. Turkey is home to over 85 million people; most are ethnic Turkish people, Turks, while ethnic Kurds in Turkey, Kurds are the Minorities in Turkey, largest ethnic minority. Officially Secularism in Turkey, a secular state, Turkey has Islam in Turkey, a Muslim-majority population. Ankara is Turkey's capital and second-largest city. Istanbul is its largest city and economic center. Other major cities include İzmir, Bursa, and Antalya. First inhabited by modern humans during the Late Paleolithic, present-day Turkey was home to List of ancient peoples of Anatolia, various ancient peoples. The Hattians ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Development Finance Institutions
Development or developing may refer to: Arts *Development (music), the process by which thematic material is reshaped * Photographic development *Filmmaking, development phase, including finance and budgeting * Development hell, when a project is stuck in development *Development (band), English progressive pop rock band * ''Development'' (album), a 2002 album by Nonpoint Business *Business development, a process of growing a business *Career development *Corporate development, a position in a business * Energy development, activities concentrated on obtaining energy from natural resources *Green development, a real estate concept that considers social and environmental impact of development *Land development, altering the landscape in any number of ways * Land development bank, a kind of bank in India * Leadership development *New product development *Organization development *Professional development *Real estate development *Research and development * Training and developm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iraq Development Road
The Iraq Development Road () is an ongoing infrastructure project aiming to connect Asia with Europe by establishing a network of railways, roads, ports, and cities. It will link the Grand Faw Port in southern Iraq to Turkey's border and further extend into Europe. Overview Nicknamed the Dry Canal (), the project is expected to turn the country into a transit center by shortening travel time between Asia and Europe, in an attempt to compete with Egypt's Suez Canal. It is also expected to strengthen Iraq's geopolitical position in the region and the world. In addition, it will increase security and stability in the region. Observers and decision-makers note that the project is planned to be completed in three stages by 2028, 2033 and 2050 and will open Iraq to the world through Turkey, and will generate $4 billion annually and create at least 100,000 jobs. According to the World Bank, Iraq is gradually transitioning towards reconstruction and development, and the Development Road ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Economy Of Iraq
The economy of Iraq is dominated by the oil sector, which provided 89% of foreign exchange earnings in 2024. During its modern history, the oil sector has provided about 99.7% of foreign exchange earnings. Agrarian economy underwent rapid development following the 14 July Revolution in 1958 which overthrew the Hashemite monarchy. It had become the third-largest economy in the Middle East by 1980. This occurred in part because of the industrialization and infrastructure development initiatives led by Saddam Hussein in the 1970s, which included irrigation projects, railway and highway construction, and rural electrification. In the 1980s, financial problems caused by massive expenditures in the Iran-Iraq War and damage to oil export facilities by Iran's military led the Ba'athist government to implement austerity measures, to borrow heavily, and to later reschedule foreign debt payments. Iraq suffered economic losses of at least $80 billion from the war. In 1988, the hostilities ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turkey Wealth Fund
The Türkiye Wealth Fund (TWF; , TVF) is a sovereign wealth fund founded in August 2016 and owned by the Government of Turkey. As of 2023, TWF had over $317 billion in total assets. The fund is operated with a "Strategic Investment Plan", which was approved by the Council of Ministers. Companies and assets formerly owned by state institutions shall be eligible to be transferred to the fund and sub-funds shall be able to be created if viewed appropriately. History TWF was officially founded on 26 August 2016. According to the law published, the chairman, CEO and board members were appointed by the Prime Minister. In November 2016, PM Binali Yıldırım appointed board members and Mehmet Bostan as CEO. On 6 February 2017, it was announced that Ziraat Bank, Turkish Airlines, TÜRKSAT, BOTAŞ, PTT, BİST, TPAO, Türk Telekom (6.68%), Eti Maden, Çaykur had been handed over to TWF. In addition to the companies, the 3 billion liras worth Defense Industry Support Fund (Turkis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Keir Starmer
Sir Keir Rodney Starmer (born 2 September 1962) is a British politician and lawyer who has served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom since 2024 and as Leader of the Labour Party (UK), Leader of the Labour Party since 2020. He previously served as Leader of the Opposition (United Kingdom), Leader of the Opposition from 2020 to 2024. He has been Member of Parliament (United Kingdom), Member of Parliament (MP) for Holborn and St Pancras since 2015, and was Director of Public Prosecutions (England and Wales), Director of Public Prosecutions from 2008 to 2013. Born in Southwark and raised in Surrey, Starmer attended Reigate Grammar School. He was active politically as a teenager, and graduated with a Bachelor of Laws degree from the University of Leeds in 1985 and received a Master's degree, postgraduate Bachelor of Civil Law degree from the University of Oxford where he was a student at St Edmund Hall in 1986. After being called to the Bar, Starmer practised predominantly i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Justice (Iraq)
Established in 1920, the Ministry of Justice of Iraq (MoJ) is the federal government ministry concerned with judicial and prosecutorial training, publishing the Official Gazette, notaries public, deeds and records, and since 5 June 2004, prisons. In 2007, the ministry possessed a staff of 13,619. Also, 130 courthouses and headquarters are located at the Ministry of Justice Building. List of ministers Sources: * Naji al-Suwaydi (1920-1922) *'Abd al-Muhsin al Sa'dun (1922-1923) *Ahmed Mahmoud Al-Fakhry (1923-1924) *Rashid Ali al-Gaylani (1924-1925) *Daud al-Haidari (1926–1929) *Abdul Aziz-al-Qassab (1929) * Jamal Baban (1930–1932) * Muhammed Zaki (1933) * Jamal Baban (1933–1934) *Muhammed Zaki (1935–1936) *Rashid 'Ali al-Kaylani (1935–1936) * 'Ali Mahmud al-Shaykh'Ali (1936–1937) * Salih Jabr (1936-1937) *Mustafa al-'Umari (1937-1938) *Mahmud Subhi al-Daftari (1940) * Naji Shawkat (1940-1941) *Yunis al-Sab'awi (1941) *Umar Nadhmi (1941) *'Ali Mahmud (1941) *Ibrahim Kem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japan
Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asia, Asian mainland, it is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan and extends from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea in the south. The Japanese archipelago consists of four major islands—Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu—and List of islands of Japan, thousands of smaller islands, covering . Japan has a population of over 123 million as of 2025, making it the List of countries and dependencies by population, eleventh-most populous country. The capital of Japan and List of cities in Japan, its largest city is Tokyo; the Greater Tokyo Area is the List of largest cities, largest metropolitan area in the world, with more than 37 million inhabitants as of 2024. Japan is divided into 47 Prefectures of Japan, administrative prefectures and List of regions of Japan, eight traditional regions. About three-quarters of Geography of Japan, the countr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of European mainland, the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The UK includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and most of List of islands of the United Kingdom, the smaller islands within the British Isles, covering . Northern Ireland shares Republic of Ireland–United Kingdom border, a land border with the Republic of Ireland; otherwise, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel, the Celtic Sea and the Irish Sea. It maintains sovereignty over the British Overseas Territories, which are located across various oceans and seas globally. The UK had an estimated population of over 68.2 million people in 2023. The capital and largest city of both England and the UK is London. The cities o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia, officially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), is a country in West Asia. Located in the centre of the Middle East, it covers the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula and has a land area of about , making it the List of Asian countries by area, fifth-largest country in Asia, the largest in the Middle East, and the List of countries and dependencies by area, 12th-largest in the world. It is bordered by the Red Sea to the west; Jordan, Iraq, and Kuwait to the north; the Persian Gulf, Bahrain, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates to the east; Oman to the southeast; and Yemen to Saudi Arabia–Yemen border, the south. The Gulf of Aqaba in the northwest separates Saudi Arabia from Egypt and Israel. Saudi Arabia is the only country with a coastline along both the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf, and most of Geography of Saudi Arabia, its terrain consists of Arabian Desert, arid desert, lowland, steppe, and List of mountains in Saudi Arabia, mountains. The capital and List of cities ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foreign Direct Investments
A foreign direct investment (FDI) is an ownership stake in a company, made by a foreign investor, company, or government from another country. More specifically, it describes a Controlling interest, controlling ownership an asset in one country by an entity based in another country. The magnitude and extent of control, therefore, distinguishes it from a foreign portfolio investment or foreign indirect investment. Foreign direct investment includes expanding operations or purchasing a company in the target country. Definitions Broadly, foreign direct investment includes mergers and acquisitions, building new facilities, reinvesting Profit (economics), profits earned from overseas operations, and intra company loans. In a narrow sense, foreign direct investment refers just to building new facility, and a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. FDI is the sum of equity capital, long-t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
