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Hypotaenidia
''Hypotaenidia'' is a genus of birds in the family Rallidae. The genus is considered separate by the IOC and IUCN, while ''The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World'' / eBird consider the species to be part of ''Gallirallus''. Since the mid-19th century, when these rather terrestrial birds were recognized to form a genus distinct from the decidedly aquatic ''Rallus'', the validity of ''Hypotaenidia'' has been disputed. Only in the 2010s has this question be resolved to some degree of satisfaction. While the present genus does indeed belong to the ''Gallirallus'' group in tribe (biology), tribe Rallini of subfamily Rallinae, it stands apart from the numerous more basal (evolution), basal lineages therein, and constitutes a well-distinct clade of smallish to mid-sized species distributed from Sahul far into the Pacific Ocean, Pacific – across a range of at least 9,000 by 8,000 km (almost 6,000 by 5,000 miles). Like their larger more ancestral relatives, they readily evolve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buff-banded Rail
The buff-banded rail (''Hypotaenidia philippensis'') is a distinctively coloured, highly dispersive, medium-sized rail of the rail family, Rallidae. This species comprises several subspecies found throughout much of Australasia and the south-west Pacific region, including the Philippines (where it is known as tikling), New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand (where it is known as the banded rail, or in Māori), and numerous smaller islands, covering a range of latitudes from the tropics to the subantarctic. Taxonomy In 1760 the French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson described and illustrated the buff-banded rail in his multi-volume ''Ornithologie'' based on a specimen collected in the Philippines. He used the French name ''Le rasle rayé des Philippines'' and the Latin name ''Rallus Philippensis Striatus''. Although Brisson coined Latin names, these do not conform to the binomial system and are not recognised by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. When in 17 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guam Rail
The Guam rail (''Hypotaenidia owstoni''), known locally and in Chamorro as ''ko'ko, is a small, terrestrial bird endemic to Guam in the Rallidae family. They are one of the island's few remaining endemic bird species. The species became extinct in the wild in the early 1980s when biologists captured the remaining wild population to establish a breeding program. They have since been successfully introduced to the nearby Rota and Cocos islands. In 2019, they became the second bird species to be reclassified by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature from Extinct in the Wild to Critically Endangered. Adult male and female plumage is primarily brown with barred black-and-white plumage on their underside. Their heads are brown with a grey stripe running above the eye and a medium-length grey bill. They have strong legs with long toes that help them walk over marshy ground. Their most common vocalizations are short "kip" notes, but also screeches during the breeding ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Okinawa Rail
The Okinawa rail (''Hypotaenidia okinawae'') is a species of bird in the rail family, Rallidae. It is endemic to Okinawa Island in Japan where it is known as the . Its existence was only confirmed in 1978 and it was formally described in 1981 although unidentified rails had been recorded on the island since at least 1973 and local stories of a bird known as the ''agachi kumira'' may refer to this species.Brazil, Mark A. (1991) ''The Birds of Japan'', Christopher Helm, London. It is a medium-sized and almost flightless rail with short wings and tail, olive-brown upperparts, black underparts with white bars and a red bill and legs. It occurs in subtropical moist forests and in neighboring habitats. It nests and feeds on the ground but usually roosts in trees. It is classified as an endangered species and is threatened by habitat loss and introduced predators. Taxonomy The species was first described in 1981 by Yoshimaro Yamashina and T. Mano in the ''Journal of the Yamashina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barred Rail
The barred rail (''Hypotaenidia torquata'') is a species of rail found across the Philippines, Sulawesi (Indonesia) and Salawati (western New Guinea). The species is common, but shy and difficult to see. Its diet includes (but is not limited to) eggs, such as Philippine megapode eggs. See also *Wake Island rail The extinct Wake Island rail or Wake rail (''Hypotaenidia wakensis'') was a flightless rail and the only native land bird on the Pacific atoll of Wake. It was found on the islands of Wake and Wilkes, and Peale, which is separated from the ot ... (an extinct rail of Pacific, that only lived on Wake island) References * A Guide to the birds of the philippines(2000) Robert S. Kennedy pedro C. Gonzales, Edward C, Dickinson Hector C. Miranda, jr. & Timothy H. Fisher External links * * barred rail Birds of the Philippines Birds of Sulawesi Birds of Western New Guinea barred rail Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Gruiform ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pink-legged Rail
The pink-legged rail (''Hypotaenidia insignis''), also known as the New Britain rail, is a species of bird in the family Rallidae. Distribution and habitat It is endemic to the island of New Britain. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and subtropical or tropical moist montane forest. It is threatened by habitat loss Habitat destruction (also termed habitat loss or habitat reduction) occurs when a natural habitat is no longer able to support its native species. The organisms once living there have either moved elsewhere, or are dead, leading to a decrease .... References pink-legged rail Birds of New Britain pink-legged rail pink-legged rail Taxonomy articles created by Polbot Endemic birds of Papua New Guinea {{Gruiformes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gallirallus
''Gallirallus'' is a genus of Rallidae, rails that live in the Australasian-Pacific region. The genus is characterised by an ability to colonise relatively small and isolated islands and thereafter to evolve flightless forms, many of which became extinct following Polynesian settlement. Taxonomy Following recent taxonomic revisions, there is only one known extant species in this genus along with several extinct species of dubious classification, with all other species being moved to ''Hypotaenidia'', ''Cabalus'', ''Lewinia'', or ''Calayan rail, Aptenorallus''. Description Many of the rails, including the well-known weka of New Zealand, are flightless or nearly so. Many of the resultant flightless island endemism, endemics became extinct after the arrival of humans, which hunted these birds for food, introduced novel predator (biology), predators like rats, dogs or pigs, and upset the local ecosystems. A common Polynesian language, Polynesian name of these rails, mainly relati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gallirallus Okinawae - National Museum Of Nature And Science, Tokyo - DSC07075
''Gallirallus'' is a genus of rails that live in the Australasian-Pacific region. The genus is characterised by an ability to colonise relatively small and isolated islands and thereafter to evolve flightless forms, many of which became extinct following Polynesian settlement. Taxonomy Following recent taxonomic revisions, there is only one known extant species in this genus along with several extinct species of dubious classification, with all other species being moved to ''Hypotaenidia'', ''Cabalus'', ''Lewinia'', or '' Aptenorallus''. Description Many of the rails, including the well-known weka of New Zealand, are flightless or nearly so. Many of the resultant flightless island endemics became extinct after the arrival of humans, which hunted these birds for food, introduced novel predators like rats, dogs or pigs, and upset the local ecosystems. A common Polynesian name of these rails, mainly relatives of ''G. philippensis'', is ''veka''/''weka'' (in English, this name ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rallidae
Rails (avian family Rallidae) are a large, Cosmopolitan distribution, cosmopolitan family (biology), family of small- to medium-sized terrestrial and/or semi-amphibious birds. The family exhibits considerable diversity in its forms, and includes such ubiquitous species as the crakes, coots, and gallinule; other rail species are extremely rare or endangered. Many are associated with wetland habitats, some being semi-aquatic like waterfowl (such as the coot), but many more are wading birds or shorebirds. The ideal rail habitats are marsh areas, including rice paddy, rice paddies, and flooded fields or open forest. They are especially fond of dense vegetation for nesting.Horsfall & Robinson (2003): pp. 206–207 The rail family is found in every Terrestrial animal, terrestrial habitat with the exception of dry desert, Polar climate, polar or freezing regions, and Alpine climate, alpine areas (above the snow line). Members of Rallidae occur on every continent except Antarctica. N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zapornia
''Zapornia'' is a recently revalidated genus of birds in the rail family Rallidae; it was included in ''Porzana'' for much of the late 20th century.Garcia-R, Juan C.; Gibb, Gillian C. & Trewick, Steve A. (2014): Deep global evolutionary radiation in birds: Diversification and trait evolution in the cosmopolitan bird family Rallidae. ''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol.'' 81: 96–108.PDF fulltext/ref> These smallish to tiny rails are found across most of the world, but are entirely absent from the Americas except as wind-blown stray birds (which are regularly encountered on the Atlantic coasts however). A number of species, and probably an even larger number of prehistorically extinct ones, are known only from small Pacific islands; several of these lost the ability to fly in the absence of terrestrial predator (biology), predators. They are somewhat less aquatic than ''Porzana'' proper, inhabiting the edges of wetlands, reedbelts, but also drier grass- a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rallinae
Rails (avian family Rallidae) are a large, cosmopolitan family of small- to medium-sized terrestrial and/or semi-amphibious birds. The family exhibits considerable diversity in its forms, and includes such ubiquitous species as the crakes, coots, and gallinule; other rail species are extremely rare or endangered. Many are associated with wetland habitats, some being semi-aquatic like waterfowl (such as the coot), but many more are wading birds or shorebirds. The ideal rail habitats are marsh areas, including rice paddies, and flooded fields or open forest. They are especially fond of dense vegetation for nesting.Horsfall & Robinson (2003): pp. 206–207 The rail family is found in every terrestrial habitat with the exception of dry desert, polar or freezing regions, and alpine areas (above the snow line). Members of Rallidae occur on every continent except Antarctica. Numerous unique island species are known. Name "Rail" is the anglicized respelling of the French ''râle'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sharpe's Rail
Sharpe's rail (''Gallirallus sharpei'') is a species of bird in the family Rallidae. It is known only from the type specimen of unknown origin, but it has been speculated that it originated from Indonesia. Due to the lack of recent records, it has been considered extinct, but new evidence suggests it is possibly better regarded as a morph of the buff-banded rail. The common name and Latin binomial name commemorate the British zoologist Richard Bowdler Sharpe Richard Bowdler Sharpe (22 November 1847 – 25 December 1909) was an English people, English zoologist and ornithology, ornithologist who worked as curator of the bird collection at the British Museum of natural history. In the course of his car .... References * BirdLife International Globally Threatened Forums (2008). Sharpe’s Rail (Gallirallus sharpei): no longer recognised taxonomically.' Accessed 2008-12-15. Gallirallus Birds of Indonesia Controversial bird taxa Birds described in 1893 Taxa named by J ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
