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High Plateau Railway
The High Plateau railway is a network of railway lines under construction across Algeria. The project is managed by Anesrif. Route The route runs 1200 km from Tebessa in the east to Moulay Slissen in the west, via Tiaret and M'Sila, through a sparsely populated area bordering the Atlas Mountains and the Sahara. Eighteen new passenger stations are planned. This route incorporates some elements of the existing rail network which will be connected by 630 km of new lines. Most of Algeria's existing rail network is further north, along the coast. So the "inland" route allows traffic to bypass the main Rocade Nord route through Constantine, Algiers, and Oran. This project is hand in hand with Anesrif's other plans to improve Algeria's 4000 km of existing railways. A further stretch of railway will run from Tlemcen to a new station at Maghina and then to the Moroccan border at Akid Abbas. The border with Morocco has been sealed since 1994, but there is pressure t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SNTF
The National Rail Transportation Company (, , abbreviated SNTF) is Algeria's national railway operator. The SNTF, a state-owned company, currently has a monopoly over Algeria's rail network of , although it is currently utilising only . Out of the total railway network, are ( of these are electrified) and are narrow gauge (as of 2008). History The beginnings The history of the railway in Algeria began with the colonisation of the country by France. On 8 April 1857, a decree ordered the creation of of railways, beginning with the construction of a standard gauge line from Algiers to Blida, which started on 12 December 1859. The French private company ''Compagnie des chemins de fer algériens'' started working on the line with the help of the French army on 11 July 1860. Around the same time, the company obtained permission to create an Oran- Sig line and a Constantine- Skikda line. However, due to economic difficulties, only the Algiers-Blida line was finished, and i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Railway Lines In Algeria
Rail transport (also known as train transport) is a means of transport using wheeled vehicles running in tracks, which usually consist of two parallel steel rails. Rail transport is one of the two primary means of land transport, next to road transport. It is used for about 8% of passenger and freight transport globally, thanks to its energy efficiency and potentially high speed.Rolling stock on rails generally encounters lower frictional resistance than rubber-tyred road vehicles, allowing rail cars to be coupled into longer trains. Power is usually provided by diesel or electric locomotive A locomotive is a rail transport, rail vehicle that provides the motive power for a train. Traditionally, locomotives pulled trains from the front. However, Push–pull train, push–pull operation has become common, and in the pursuit for ...s. While railway transport is capital intensity, capital-intensive and less flexible than road transport, it can carry heavy loads of pass ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Railway Lines In Algeria
The following is a non-exhaustive list of railways operating in Algeria with opening dates if available. The classifications of railways into long-distance and regional railways correspond to SNTF categories. Northern Algeria Long-distance lines * Algiers–Oran railway (1871) * Algiers–Skikda railway (1886) Regional lines * Béni Mansour–Bejaïa railway (1889) * (2010) * (1916) * (1936) * (1885; rebuilt 1985–2015) * (1888; rebuilt 2010) * Ramdane Djamel–Annaba railway (1904) * (1990) * ''Inactive since 26/12/1996'': (1879; rebuilt 1908) Vertical (north-south) lines * (1888; rebuilt 1966) * (1906; rebuilt 2010) * (1914) * ''Inactive'', * Boughezoul–Laghouat railway (2023) High Plateau lines * High Plateau railway Regional lines * (2009) * (2009) * Commuter rail Algiers Province * Oran Province * {{Africa in topic, Rail transport in * Railway lines Algeria Algeria, officially the People's Democratic Republic of Alg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Bank
The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides loans and Grant (money), grants to the governments of Least developed countries, low- and Developing country, middle-income countries for the purposes of economic development. The World Bank is the collective name for the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and International Development Association (IDA), two of five international organizations owned by the World Bank Group. It was established along with the International Monetary Fund at the 1944 Bretton Woods Conference. After a slow start, its first loan was to France in 1947. In its early years, it primarily focused on rebuilding Europe. Over time, it focused on providing loans to developing world countries. In the 1970s, the World Bank re-conceptualized its mission of facilitating development as being oriented around poverty reduction. For the last 30 years, it has included NGOs and environmental groups in its loan portfolio. Its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
France
France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlantic, North Atlantic, the French West Indies, and List of islands of France, many islands in Oceania and the Indian Ocean, giving it Exclusive economic zone of France, one of the largest discontiguous exclusive economic zones in the world. Metropolitan France shares borders with Belgium and Luxembourg to the north; Germany to the northeast; Switzerland to the east; Italy and Monaco to the southeast; Andorra and Spain to the south; and a maritime border with the United Kingdom to the northwest. Its metropolitan area extends from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean and from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea. Its Regions of France, eighteen integral regions—five of which are overseas—span a combined area of and hav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Touggourt
Touggourt (; or 'the gate') is a city and Communes of Algeria, commune, former sultanate and capital of Touggourt District, in Touggourt Province, Algeria, built next to an oasis in the Sahara. As of the 2008 census, the commune had a population of 39,409 people, up from 32,940 in 1998, and an annual growth rate of 1.8%. Touggourt's urban area includes the communes of Nezla, Tebesbest and Zaouia El Abidia, for a total population of 146,108. Touggourt is notable for its date (fruit), date trees. It was formerly surrounded by a moat, which the France, French filled up. Bradt Travel Guides describe it as "largely a modern town of block architecture" and "largely unattractive. The centre is quiet most of the day due to the heat but is more active at night when people take to the streets." History In 1414 the Sultanate of Tuggurt, Sultanate of Tuggert was founded in southern Algeria. The known Sultans (and one female ruler) were: *Ali II *Mabruk (Mubarak) *Ali III *Mustafa *S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iron Ore
Iron ores are rocks and minerals from which metallic iron can be economically extracted. The ores are usually rich in iron oxides and vary in color from dark grey, bright yellow, or deep purple to rusty red. The iron is usually found in the form of magnetite (, 72.4% Fe), hematite (, 69.9% Fe), goethite (, 62.9% Fe), limonite (, 55% Fe), or siderite (, 48.2% Fe). Ores containing very high quantities of hematite or magnetite (typically greater than about 60% iron) are known as natural ore or irect shipping ore and can be fed directly into iron-making blast furnaces. Iron ore is the raw material used to make pig iron, which is one of the main raw materials to make steel — 98% of the mined iron ore is used to make steel. In 2011 the ''Financial Times'' quoted Christopher LaFemina, mining analyst at Barclays Capital, saying that iron ore is "more integral to the global economy than any other commodity, except perhaps oil". Sources Elemental iron is virtually absent o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saïda, Algeria
Saïda (, Latn, ar, saʿīda, ) is a communes of Algeria, commune and the capital city of Saïda Province, Algeria. History The city's site has been of military importance ever since the Ancient Rome, Romans built a fort there. Saïda was a stronghold of Abd al-Qadir al-Jaza'iri, Abd al-Qadir, the Algerian national leader, who burned the town as Second French Empire, French forces approached it in 1844. Modern Saïda was founded as a French military outpost in 1854 and once housed a regiment of the French Foreign Legion. Its growth was stimulated by the arrival of the Oran-Béchar (narrow-gauge) railway in 1862. In 2005 the population was 158,856 inhabitants. It is nicknamed ''the city of waters'', because of its abundant underground springs. The area is forested and the main products of the town are cereals, wool, leather and bottled water, bottled mineral waters. Geography Location Saïda is located in north-western Algeria, on the southern slopes of the Tell Atlas mountain r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alstom
Alstom SA () is a French multinational rolling stock manufacturer which operates worldwide in rail transport markets. It is active in the fields of passenger transportation, signaling, and locomotives, producing high-speed, suburban, regional and urban trains along with trams. The company and its name (originally spelled Alsthom) was formed by a merger between the electric engineering division of Société Alsacienne de Constructions Mécaniques (Als) and Compagnie Française Thomson-Houston (thom) in 1928. Significant acquisitions later included the Constructions Électriques de France (1932), shipbuilder Chantiers de l'Atlantique (1976), and parts of ACEC (late 1980s). A merger with parts of the British General Electric Company formed GEC Alsthom in 1989. Throughout the 1990s, the company expanded its holdings in the rail sector, acquiring German rolling stock manufacturer Linke-Hofmann-Busch and Italian rail signaling specialist Sasib Railways. In 1998, GEC Alsthom was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GSM-R
GSM-R, Global System for Mobile Communications – Railway or GSM-Railway is an international wireless communications standard for railway communication and applications. A sub-system of European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS), it is used for communication between train and railway regulation control centers. The system is based on GSM and ''EIRENE – MORANE'' specifications which guarantee performance at speeds up to 500 km/h (310 mph), without any communication loss. GSM-R could be supplanted by LTE-R, with the first production implementation being in South Korea. However, LTE (telecommunication), LTE is generally considered to be a "4G" protocol, and the International Union of Railways, UIC's Future Railway Mobile Communication System (FRMCS) program is considering moving to something "5G"-based (specifically 3GPP R15/16, i.e. 5G NR), thus skipping two technological generations. History GSM-R is built on GSM technology, and benefits from the economie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Railway Electrification System
Railway electrification is the use of electric power for the propulsion of rail transport. Electric railways use either electric locomotives (hauling passengers or freight in separate cars), electric multiple units ( passenger cars with their own motors) or both. Electricity is typically generated in large and relatively efficient generating stations, transmitted to the railway network and distributed to the trains. Some electric railways have their own dedicated generating stations and transmission lines, but most purchase power from an electric utility. The railway usually provides its own distribution lines, switches, and transformers. Power is supplied to moving trains with a (nearly) continuous conductor running along the track that usually takes one of two forms: an overhead line, suspended from poles or towers along the track or from structure or tunnel ceilings and contacted by a pantograph, or a third rail mounted at track level and contacted by a sliding " pickup ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
