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Hedda Sterne
Hedda Sterne (August 4, 1910 – April 8, 2011) was a Romanian-born American artist who was an active member of the New York School (art), New York School of painters. Her work is often associated with Abstract Expressionism and Surrealism.Sterne, Hedda, Sarah L Eckhardt, Josef Helfenstein, and Lawrence Rinder. ''Uninterrupted flux: Hedda Sterne, a retrospective''. Champaign, Ill.: Krannert Art Museum and Kinkead Pavilion, 2006. She was also the only woman to appear in the famous photograph of abstract expressionist artists dubbed "The Irascibles", although the group included other women. Early life and education Sterne was born as Hedwig Lindenberg in Bucharest, Romania, on August 4, 1910. She was the daughter of Jewish parents Eugenie (née Wexler) and Simon Lindenberg, a language teacher. Her older brother and only sibling, Edouard Lindenberg (1908–1973), would become a prominent conductor in Paris.Eckhardt, 2006. As a young child, Sterne and her brother were educated in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Margaret Bourke-White
Margaret Bourke-White (; June 14, 1904 – August 27, 1971) was an American documentary photography, documentary photographer and photojournalist. She was known as an architectural and commercial photographer for the first half of her career, representing corporate clients and highlighting the success of industrial capitalism with black and white images of steel factories and skyscrapers. In 1930, she became the first foreign photographer permitted to take pictures of the Soviet Union. In 1933, NBC commissioned her to create a monumental photo mural about radio for its rotunda at 30 Rockefeller Plaza, then considered the largest photo mural in the world. The success of her corporate commissions led her to work at ''Fortune'' magazine in the 1930s. She took the photograph of the construction of Fort Peck Dam that became the cover of the first issue of Life (magazine), ''Life'' magazine. The second half of her career represents her transition from corporate photography to phot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bucharest National University Of Arts
The National University of Arts in Bucharest () is a university in Bucharest preparing students in fine arts. The National University of Arts is a higher education institution in Bucharest. History The National School of Fine Arts was founded on 5 October 1864 through a decree issued by the ruler Alexandru Ioan Cuza and as a result of the efforts pursued by the painters Theodor Aman and Gheorghe Tattarescu. This fine arts institution from Bucharest has had a number of official denominations over time: * 1864 – The National School of Fine Arts (Școala Națională de Arte Frumoase) * 1931 – The Fine Arts Academy (Academia de Belle-Arte) * 1942 – The Higher School of Arts in Bucharest (Școala Superioară de Arte din București) * 1948 – The Fine Arts Institute "Nicolae Grigorescu" (Institutul de Arte Plastice "Nicolae Grigorescu") * 1990 – The Academy of Arts (Academia de Arte) * 1995 – The University of Arts (Universitatea de Arte) * 2002 – The National Universi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Victor Brauner
Victor Brauner (, also spelled Viktor Brauner; 15 June 1903 – 12 March 1966) was a Romanian painter and sculptor of the surrealism (art), surrealist movement. Early life He was born in Piatra Neamț, Romania, the son of a Jewish timber manufacturer who subsequently settled in Vienna with his family for a few years. It is there that young Victor attended elementary school. When his family returned to Romania in 1914, he continued his studies at the Lutheranism, Lutheran school in Brăila. His interests revolved around zoology during that period. He attended the National University of Arts, Bucharest, National School of Fine Arts in Bucharest (1916–1918) and Horia Igiroșanu private school of painting. He visited Fălticeni and Balcic, and started painting landscapes in the manner of Paul Cézanne. Then, as he testified himself, he went through all the stages: "Dadaist, Abstract art, Abstractionist, Expressionist". On 26 September 1924, the Mozart Galleries in Bucharest hoste ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constructivism (art)
Constructivism is an early twentieth-century art movement founded in 1915 by Vladimir Tatlin and Alexander Rodchenko. Abstract and austere, constructivist art aimed to reflect modern industrial society and urban space. The movement rejected decorative stylization in favour of the industrial assemblage of materials. Constructivists were in favour of art for propaganda and social purposes, and were associated with Soviet socialism, the Bolsheviks and the Russian avant-garde. Constructivist architecture and art had a great effect on modern art movements of the 20th century, influencing major trends such as the Bauhaus and De Stijl movements. Its influence was widespread, with major effects upon architecture, sculpture, graphic design, industrial design, theatre, film, dance, fashion and, to some extent, music. Beginnings Constructivism was a post-World War I development of Russian Futurism, and particularly of the 'counter reliefs' of Vladimir Tatlin, which had been exhibited in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avant-garde
In the arts and literature, the term ''avant-garde'' ( meaning or ) identifies an experimental genre or work of art, and the artist who created it, which usually is aesthetically innovative, whilst initially being ideologically unacceptable to the artistic establishment of the time. The military metaphor of an ''advance guard'' identifies the artists and writers whose innovations in style, form, and subject-matter challenge the artistic and aesthetic validity of the established forms of art and the literary traditions of their time; thus, the artists who created the anti-novel and Surrealism were ahead of their times. As a stratum of the intelligentsia of a society, avant-garde artists promote progressive and radical politics and advocate for societal reform with and through works of art. In the essay "The Artist, the Scientist, and the Industrialist" (1825), Benjamin Olinde Rodrigues's political usage of ''vanguard'' identified the moral obligation of artists to "ser ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marcel Janco
Marcel Janco (, ; common rendition of the Romanian language, Romanian name Marcel Hermann Iancu ; 24 May 1895 – 21 April 1984) was a Romanian and Israeli visual artist, architect and art theorist. He was the co-inventor of Dadaism and a leading exponent of Constructivism (art), Constructivism in Eastern Europe. In the 1910s, he co-edited, with Ion Vinea and Tristan Tzara, the Romanian art magazine ''Simbolul''. Janco was a practitioner of Art Nouveau, Futurism and Expressionism before contributing his painting and stage design to Tzara's literary Dadaism. He parted with Dada in 1919, when he and painter Hans Arp founded a Constructivist circle, ''Das Neue Leben''. Reunited with Vinea, he founded ''Contimporanul'', the influential tribune of the Romanian avant-garde, advocating a mix of Constructivism, Futurism and Cubism. At ''Contimporanul'', Janco expounded a "revolutionary" vision of urban planning. He designed some of the most innovative landmarks of downtown Bucharest. He w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dada
Dada () or Dadaism was an anti-establishment art movement that developed in 1915 in the context of the Great War and the earlier anti-art movement. Early centers for dadaism included Zürich and Berlin. Within a few years, the movement had spread to New York City and a variety of artistic centers in Europe and Asia. Within the umbrella of the movement, people used a wide variety of artistic forms to protest the logic, reason, and aestheticism of modern capitalism and modern war. To develop their protest, artists tended to make use of nonsense, irrationality, and an anti-bourgeois sensibility. The art of the movement began primarily as performance art, but eventually spanned visual, literary, and sound media, including collage, sound poetry, cut-up technique, cut-up writing, and sculpture. Dadaist artists expressed their discontent toward violence, war, and nationalism and maintained political affinities with radical politics on the left-wing and far-left politics. The movem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nae Ionescu
Nae Ionescu (, born Nicolae C. Ionescu; – 15 March 1940) was a Romanian philosopher, logician, mathematician, professor, and journalist. Life Born in Brăila, Ionescu studied Letters at the University of Bucharest until 1912. Upon graduation, he was appointed teacher at the Matei Basarab National College, Matei Basarab High School in Bucharest. When World War I began, he traveled to German Empire, Germany for additional studies at the University of Göttingen. Romania's entry into the war on the Allies of World War I, Entente side prevented him from returning, but he was awarded a doctorate in philosophy in 1919 from the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, University of Munich. His thesis was entitled ''Die Logistik als Versuch einer neuen Begründung der Mathematik'' ("Formal logic as an attempt at a new foundation of mathematics"). Back in Romania, after another brief stint teaching, Ionescu was appointed assistant to Constantin Rădulescu-Motru at the University of B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mircea Florian
Mircea Florian (; April 1, 1888 – October 31, 1960) was a Romanian philosopher and translator. Active mainly during the interwar period, he was noted as one of the leading proponents of rationalism, opposing it to the '' Trăirist'' philosophy of Nae Ionescu. His work, comprising some 20 books, shows Florian as a disciple of centrists and rationalists such as Constantin Rădulescu-Motru and Titu Maiorescu. Active in independent social democratic politics, the philosopher became a political prisoner under the communist regime. It was during his time in jail that Florian conceived his philosophical system, published after his death in the treatise ''Recesivitatea ca structură a lumii'' ("Recessivity as World Structure"). In 1990, he was made a posthumous member of the Romanian Academy. Biography Born in Bucharest, Florian graduated from the Faculty of Letters and Philosophy at the local university, where he became a disciple of Rădulescu-Motru and P. P. Negulescu. Oana-Georgia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tudor Vianu
Tudor Vianu (; January 8, 1898 – May 21, 1964) was a Romanian literary criticism, literary critic, art critic, poet, philosopher, academic, and translation, translator. He had a major role on the reception and development of Modernism in Literature of Romania, Romanian literature and Art of Romania, art. He was married to Elena Vianu, herself a literary criticism, literary critic, and was the father of Ion Vianu, a psychiatrist, writer and essayist. Biography Born in Giurgiu to a Jewish family converted to Romanian Orthodox Church, Christianity ,Papuc he completed his primary education in the city, at the Ion Maiorescu National College, Ion Maiorescu Gymnasium, followed by the Gheorghe Lazăr National College (Bucharest), Gheorghe Lazăr High School in Bucharest. Around 1910, he began writing poetry — which he never published. In 1915, Vianu became a student at the Department of Philosophy and Law at the University of Bucharest. During the period, Vianu began attending A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Bucharest
The University of Bucharest (UB) () is a public university, public research university in Bucharest, Romania. It was founded in its current form on by a decree of Prince Alexandru Ioan Cuza to convert the former Princely Academy of Bucharest, Princely Academy into the current University of Bucharest, making it one of the oldest Romanian universities. It is one of the five members of the ''Universitaria Consortium'' (a group of elite Romanian universities). The University of Bucharest offers study programmes in Romanian and English and is classified as an ''advanced research and education university'' by the Ministry of Education and Scientific Research (Romania), Ministry of Education. History The University of Bucharest was founded by the Decree no. 765 of 4 July 1864 by Alexandru Ioan Cuza and is a leading academic centre and a significant point of reference in society. The University of Bucharest is rich in history and has been actively contributing to the development a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
