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Hasinais
The Hasinai Confederacy ( Caddo: ) was a large confederation of Caddo-speaking Native Americans who occupied territory between the Sabine and Trinity rivers in eastern Texas. Today, their descendants are enrolled in the Caddo Nation of Oklahoma and the Natchitoches Tribe of Louisiana. Name The name ''Hasinai'' (with the variants ''Hasini'', ''Asenai'', ''Asinai'', ''Assoni'', ''Asenay'', ''Cenis'', ''Senis'', and ''Sannaye'') means "our own people" in Caddoan. The Spanish knew the Hasinai as the ''Tejas'' or ''Texas'', from a form of greeting meaning "friend", which gave the state of Texas its name. Government When the Spanish and the French encountered the Hasinai in the 1680s, they were a centrally organized chiefdom under the control of a religious leader, known as the Grand Xinesi. He lived in a secluded house and met with a council of elders. The chieftainship consisted of several subdivisions, which have been designated "cantonments". Each was under the control of a Ca ...
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Nacono People
The Nacono were a Native American tribe from eastern Texas. Today they are part of the Caddo Nation of Oklahoma, a federally recognized tribe in Oklahoma. History The Nacono were part of the Hasinai branch of the Caddo Confederacy.Sturtevant 616 They historically lived in villages along the Neches and Angelina Rivers, near present-day Cherokee and Houston Counties. Their environment includes mixed woodlands and savannas.Early 123 Early 18th century Spanish explorer Domingo Ramon recorded his observations of the Nocono in his 1716 Diary. He observed that the tribe lived near the San Francisco de los Neches Mission.Campbell, Thomas NNacono Indians.''Handbook of Texas Online.'' (retrieved 6 Sept 2009) Another Spanish explorer, Juan Antonio de la Pena wrote in 1721 that the Nacono village, that he called El Macono, was located five leagues below the Neches crossing. Together with 11 to 30 historical communities, including the Nadaco, the Hainai, and the Nacogdoche, the Nacono for ...
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Nechaui
The Nechaui were a Native American tribe from eastern Texas. Their name is thought to be derived from Nachawi, the Caddo language word for Osage orange.Nechaui Indians.
''Handbook of Texas Online.'' (retrieved 9 Sept 2009)


History

The Nechaui were part of the branch of the . During the late 17th and early 18th centuries, their principal village was located on the , in present-day

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Nacogdoches, Texas
Nacogdoches ( ) is a small city in East Texas and the county seat of Nacogdoches County, Texas, United States. The 2020 U.S. census recorded the city's population at 32,147. Nacogdoches is a sister city of the smaller, similarly named Natchitoches, Louisiana, the third-largest city in the southern Ark-La-Tex. Stephen F. Austin State University is located in Nacogdoches. History Early years Local promotional literature from the Nacogdoches Convention and Visitors Bureau describes Nacogdoches as "The Oldest Town in Texas". Evidence of settlement at the same site dates back to 10,000 years ago. It is near or on the site of Nevantin, the primary village of the Nacogdoche tribe of Caddo Indians. Nacogdoches remained a Caddo Indian settlement until the early 19th century. In 1716, Spain established a mission there, Misión Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe. That was the first European construction in the area. The "town" of Nacogdoches got started after the French had vacated the ...
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Caddo People
The Caddo people comprise the Caddo Nation of Oklahoma, a federally recognized tribe headquartered in Binger, Oklahoma. They speak the Caddo language. The Caddo Confederacy was a network of Indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands, who historically inhabited much of what is now East Texas, west Louisiana, southwestern Arkansas, and southeastern Oklahoma. Prior to European contact, they were the Caddoan Mississippian culture, who constructed huge earthwork mounds at several sites in this territory, flourishing about 800 to 1400 CE. In the early 19th century, Caddo people were forced to a reservation in Texas. In 1859, they were removed to Indian Territory. Government and civic institutions The Caddo Nation of Oklahoma was previously known as the Caddo Tribe of Oklahoma. The tribal constitution provides for election of an eight-person council, with a chairperson. Some 6,000 people are enrolled in the nation, with 3,044 living within the state of Oklahoma.
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Neche Tribe
The Neche were a Native American tribe from eastern Texas.Sturtevant, 617 History The Neche were part of the Hasinai branch of the Caddo Confederacy. During the late 17th and early 18th centuries, they settled along the Neches River, in present day Houston and Cherokee Counties.Neche Indians.
''Handbook of Texas Online.'' (retrieved 14 Sept 2009)
Their lands were directly northwest of the Nacono tribe. In 1779 Spanish explorer Athanase de Mezieres Mezières recorded seeing several mounds in Neches territory. He wrote that the mounds were created by the local Indians, "in order to build on its top a temple, which overlooked the puebl ...
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Nabedache
The Nabedache were a Native American tribe from eastern Texas.Sturtevant, 617 Their name, Nabáydácu, means "blackberry place" in the Caddo language.Sturtevant, 629 An alternate theory says their original name was Wawadishe from the Caddo word, , meaning "salt."Nabedache Indian Tribe.
''Access Genealogy.'' (retrieved 11 Sept 2009)


History

The Nabedache was the western branch of the branch of the Caddo Confederacy. Their traditional territory was located between the Neches and ...
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Nabiti
The Nabiti are a Native American tribe from eastern Texas.Sturtevant, 617 Their name means "Cedar Place" in the Caddo language.Sturtevant, 629 History The Nadaco were part of the Hasinai branch of the Caddo Confederacy,Sturtevant, 616 although early European explorers identified the Nabiti as enemies of the Hasinai – a testament to the shifting alliances on the South Plains. They lived in settled villages on the banks of the Angelina River. Spanish priest Fray Casañas wrote about the Nabiti in 1691. He described them as being one of nine Hasinai tribes and that their territory sat between that of the "Cacháe" ( Cacachau) and the "Nasayaha" (Nasoni).Bolton, 33-34 Today, Nabiti people are enrolled in the Caddo Nation, headquartered in Binger, Oklahoma Binger is a town in Caddo County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 672 at the 2010 census. It is the headquarters of the Caddo Nation of Oklahoma, who were settled in the area during the 1870s.
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Nacogdoche
The Nacogdoche ( Caddo: Nakúʔkidáawtsiʔ) are a Native American tribe from eastern Texas.Sturtevant, 617 History The Nacogdoche were part of the Hasinai branch of the Caddo Confederacy and closely allied with the Lower Nasoni. They historically lived between the Angelina and the Sabine Rivers in Texas. The Gentleman of Elvas, a member of Hernando de Soto's 1541 expedition, wrote about the tribe, as did Francisco de Jesus Maria in 1691.Nacogdoche Indian Tribe History.
''Access Genealogy.'' (retrieved 12 Sept 2009)
In 1716, Franciscan friars accompanying Spanish explorer founded the
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Caddo Nation Of Oklahoma
The Caddo people comprise the Caddo Nation of Oklahoma, a federally recognized tribe headquartered in Binger, Oklahoma. They speak the Caddo language. The Caddo Confederacy was a network of Indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands, who historically inhabited much of what is now East Texas, west Louisiana, southwestern Arkansas, and southeastern Oklahoma. Prior to European contact, they were the Caddoan Mississippian culture, who constructed huge earthwork mounds at several sites in this territory, flourishing about 800 to 1400 CE. In the early 19th century, Caddo people were forced to a reservation in Texas. In 1859, they were removed to Indian Territory. Government and civic institutions The Caddo Nation of Oklahoma was previously known as the Caddo Tribe of Oklahoma. The tribal constitution provides for election of an eight-person council, with a chairperson. Some 6,000 people are enrolled in the nation, with 3,044 living within the state of Oklahoma.
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Nadaco
The Nadaco, also commonly known as the Anadarko, are a Native American tribe from eastern Texas. Their name, Nadá-kuh, means "bumblebee place."Sturtevant, 630 History The Nadaco were part of the trive branch of the Caddo Confederacy and occupied territory in present-day east Texas.Sturtevant, 616 Spanish explorers encountered the tribe in 1542 in east Texas. Around 1700, the tribe joined the Hasinai but kept their distinct identity and culture.May, Jon DAnadarko.''Oklahoma Historical Society's Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture.'' (retrieved 6 Sept 2009) In 1716, Spanish monks founded the San José Mission to serve the Nadaco and the Nasoni tribes. By 1787, they lived in villages along the northern part of Panola County, Texas.The Nadaco.
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Nasoni
The Nasoni are a Native American tribe from eastern Texas and southwestern Arkansas. History The Nasoni were divided into two bands. The Upper Nasoni, who lived along the Red River in the southwestern corner of Arkansas.Nasoni Indians.
''Handbook of Texas Online.'' (retrieved 7 Sept 2009)
They were affiliated with the branch of the . The Lower Nasoni, who lived between the and
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Bulletin (1942) (14780531541)
Bulletin or The Bulletin may refer to: Periodicals (newspapers, magazines, journals) * Bulletin (online newspaper), a Swedish online newspaper * ''The Bulletin'' (Australian periodical), an Australian magazine (1880–2008) ** Bulletin Debate, a famous dispute from 1892 to 1893 between Henry Lawson and Banjo Paterson * ''The Bulletin'' (alternative weekly), an alternative weekly published in Montgomery County, Texas, U.S. * ''The Bulletin'' (Bend), a daily newspaper in Bend, Oregon, U.S. * ''The Bulletin'' (Belgian magazine), a weekly English-language magazine published in Brussels, Belgium * ''The Bulletin'' (Philadelphia newspaper), a newspaper in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S. (2004–2009) * ''The Bulletin'' (Norwich) * ''The Bulletin'' (Pittsburgh), a monthly community newspaper in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S. * ''London Bulletin'', surrealist monthly magazine (1938–1940) * ''The Morning Bulletin'', a daily newspaper published in Rockhampton, Queensland, Austral ...
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