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Hanging Rocks Formation
The Hanging Rocks Formation is a geologic formation in Leicestershire, and is the youngest and smallest of the Maplewell Group and the larger Charnian Supergroup which it is a part of. Due to this, and the fact that the rocks are not well exposed at both the top and base, there have been no Ediacaran fossils found to date, unlike the two underlying Bradgate and Beacon Hill Formations. Dating Despite the poor exposure of the formation, scientists were able to collect zircon crystals from the lower parts of the formation, allowing them to perform zircon U-Pb dating, which recovered a date of , close to the Bradgate Formations top age of 557 Ma. It is noted that the top of the formation is capped at a zircon age of roughly 550 Ma, which is just before the first formations of the Nama assemblage The Nama assemblage was the last of the Ediacaran biotic Faunal assemblage, assemblages. Following the Avalon assemblage, Avalon and White Sea assemblages, it spanned from 550 megaan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Formation (geology)
A geological formation, or simply formation, is a body of rock having a consistent set of physical characteristics ( lithology) that distinguishes it from adjacent bodies of rock, and which occupies a particular position in the layers of rock exposed in a geographical region (the stratigraphic column). It is the fundamental unit of lithostratigraphy, the study of strata or rock layers. A formation must be large enough that it can be mapped at the surface or traced in the subsurface. Formations are otherwise not defined by the thickness of their rock strata, which can vary widely. They are usually, but not universally, tabular in form. They may consist of a single lithology (rock type), or of alternating beds of two or more lithologies, or even a heterogeneous mixture of lithologies, so long as this distinguishes them from adjacent bodies of rock. The concept of a geologic formation goes back to the beginnings of modern scientific geology. The term was used by Abraham Gottlob ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ediacaran
The Ediacaran ( ) is a geological period of the Neoproterozoic geologic era, Era that spans 96 million years from the end of the Cryogenian Period at 635 Million years ago, Mya to the beginning of the Cambrian Period at 538.8 Mya. It is the last period of the Proterozoic geologic eon, Eon as well as the last of the so-called "Precambrian supereon", before the beginning of the subsequent Cambrian Period marks the start of the Phanerozoic Eon, where recognizable fossil evidence of life becomes common. The Ediacaran Period is named after the Ediacara Hills of South Australia, where trace fossils of a diverse community of previously unrecognized lifeforms (later named the Ediacaran biota) were first discovered by geologist Reg Sprigg in 1946. Its status as an official geological period was ratified in 2004 by the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS), making it the first new geological period declared in 120 years. Although the period took namesake from the Ediacara Hills ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tuff
Tuff is a type of rock made of volcanic ash ejected from a vent during a volcanic eruption. Following ejection and deposition, the ash is lithified into a solid rock. Rock that contains greater than 75% ash is considered tuff, while rock containing 25% to 75% ash is described as ''tuffaceous'' (for example, ''tuffaceous sandstone''). A pyroclastic rock containing 25–75% volcanic bombs or volcanic blocks is called tuff breccia. Tuff composed of sandy volcanic material can be referred to as volcanic sandstone. Tuff is a relatively soft rock, so it has been used for construction since ancient times. Because it is common in Italy, the Romans used it often for construction. The Rapa Nui people used it to make most of the ''moai'' statues on Easter Island. Tuff can be classified as either igneous or sedimentary rock. It is usually studied in the context of igneous petrology, although it is sometimes described using sedimentological terms. Tuff is often erroneously called t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Graywacke
Greywacke or graywacke ( ) is a variety of sandstone generally characterized by its hardness (6–7 on Mohs scale), dark color, and poorly sorted angular grains of quartz, feldspar, and small rock fragments or sand-size lithic fragments set in a compact, clay-fine matrix. It is a texturally immature sedimentary rock generally found in Paleozoic strata. The larger grains can be sand- to gravel-sized, and matrix materials generally constitute more than 15% of the rock by volume. Formation The origin of greywacke was unknown until turbidity currents and turbidites were understood, since, according to the normal laws of sedimentation, gravel, sand and mud should not be laid down together. Geologists now attribute its formation to submarine avalanches or strong turbidity currents. These actions churn sediment and cause mixed-sediment slurries, in which the resulting deposits may exhibit a variety of sedimentary features. Supporting the turbidity origin theory is the fact that dep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bradgate Park
Bradgate Park () is a public park in Charnwood Forest, in Leicestershire, England, northwest of Leicester. It covers . The park lies between the villages of Newtown Linford, Anstey, Leicestershire, Anstey, Cropston, Woodhouse Eaves and Swithland. The River Lin runs through the park, flowing into Cropston Reservoir which was constructed on part of the park. To the north-east lies Swithland Wood. The park's two well known landmarks, Old John and the war memorial, both lie just above the contour. The park is part of the 399.3 hectare Bradgate Park and Cropston Reservoir Site of Special Scientific Interest, which has been designated under both biological and geological criteria. Following a fire in April 2017, the owners Bradgate Trust advised that all visitors are expected to be alert to the risk of causing fire, though another fire in June destroyed one of the ancient oaks. History The area now enclosed as Bradgate Park was one of a number of parks surrounding Charnwood Fores ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leicestershire
Leicestershire ( ) is a Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in the East Midlands of England. It is bordered by Derbyshire, Nottinghamshire and Lincolnshire to the north, Rutland to the east, Northamptonshire to the south-east, Warwickshire to the south-west, and Staffordshire to the west. The city of Leicester is the largest settlement and the county town. The county has an area of and a population of one million according to 2022 estimates. Leicester is in the centre of the county and is by far the largest settlement, with a Leicester urban area, built-up area population of approximately half a million. The remainder of the county is largely rural, and the next-largest settlements are Loughborough in the north, Hinckley in the south-west, and Wigston south-east of Leicester. For Local government in England, local government purposes Leicestershire comprises a non-metropolitan county, with seven districts, and the Unitary authorities of England, unitary authority a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of European mainland, the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The UK includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and most of List of islands of the United Kingdom, the smaller islands within the British Isles, covering . Northern Ireland shares Republic of Ireland–United Kingdom border, a land border with the Republic of Ireland; otherwise, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel, the Celtic Sea and the Irish Sea. It maintains sovereignty over the British Overseas Territories, which are located across various oceans and seas globally. The UK had an estimated population of over 68.2 million people in 2023. The capital and largest city of both England and the UK is London. The cities o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maplewell Group
The Maplewell Group is an Ediacaran lithostratigraphic group (a sequence of rock strata) present in Leicestershire in the English Midlands. The strata are exposed in Charnwood Forest, west of Leicester. Besides a variety of volcaniclastic sandstones and mudstones, there are various breccias and tuffs. The tuffs which were laid down in water are fossiliferous; ''Charnia'', ''Charniodiscus'' and '' Cyclomedusa'', are all recorded from these rocks. With the discovery of '' Teichichnus'' in the overlying Swithland Formation of the Brand Group, alongside several other ichnogenera, researchers were able to confidentially date the Brand Group to the Lower Cambrian, which has led to the research and discovery of a major hiatus and diorite intrusion between this group and the Brand Group. Using Zircon U-Pb dating, a date is returned of , suggesting the intrusion is Lower Edicaran in age. This also caused the Brand Group to be taken out of the Charnian Surpergroup, making the Maplewell G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brand Hills Formation
The Brand Hills Formation is a geologic formation in Leicestershire, and lies within the wider Swithland Wood and The Brand area. It preserves an ichnotaxon dating back to the Cambrian period. Paleobiota Whilst there isn't alot within the Brand Hills Formation, it does mark the appearance of ichnogenera, which are usually attributed to burrowing organisms like marine annelids. In the case of this formation, only '' Arenicolites'' is known. Ichnogenera See also * List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in the United Kingdom *List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in England See also * Lists of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Europe * Lists of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in the United Kingdom References * {{DEFAULTSORT:Fossiliferous stratigraphi ... References * {{cite web, title= Fossilworks: Gateway to the Paleobiology Database, author= ((Various Contributors to the Paleobiology Database)), url= https://www.fossilworks.org, access-date= 17 De ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bradgate Formation
The Bradgate Formation is a geologic formation in Leicestershire, and lies within the wider Bradgate Park area. It preserves fossils dating back to the Lower Ediacaran period. Paleobiota The Bradgate Formation contains the richest fossil beds within the Charnian Supergroup, from frondose organisms like Bradgatia and Charnia, which when the latter was discovered, showed definitive proof that macroscopic life did indeed exist before the Cambrian, to discoid forms like Aspidella. Petalonamae Cnidaria ''incertae sedis'' Undescribed forms See also * List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in England See also * Lists of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Europe * Lists of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in the United Kingdom References * {{DEFAULTSORT:Fossiliferous stratigraphic units in England England England is a Countr ... References * {{cite web, title= Fossilworks: Gateway to the Paleobiology Database, author= ((Various Contribut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charnian Supergroup
The Charnian Supergroup is a geologic supergroup in the United Kingdom, and is a part of the wider Charnwood terrane. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ediacaran and through into the Cambrian period, with suggestions that the Brand Group and Maplewell Groups have a major hiatus in-between. It mainly contains volcaniclastics, but is interrupted by and succeeded by greywackes, and is interbedded with pelites, tuffs. Due to the thickness of the Supergroup, it spans over , with a possible lower date of and a maximum upper date of . This also means that it spans across two Ediacaran assemblages, with the Blackbrook Group and part of the lower Maplewell Group sitting within the Avalon assemblage, whilst the rest of the Maplewell Group sits within the White Sea assemblage. The Brand Group was originally a part of the supergroup, until the discovery of several ichnogenera, like '' Teichichnus'', which helped to date it to the Lower Cambrian, and was subsequently taken out of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fossils
A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved in amber, hair, petrified wood and DNA remnants. The totality of fossils is known as the ''fossil record''. Though the fossil record is incomplete, numerous studies have demonstrated that there is enough information available to give a good understanding of the pattern of diversification of life on Earth. In addition, the record can predict and fill gaps such as the discovery of '' Tiktaalik'' in the arctic of Canada. Paleontology includes the study of fossils: their age, method of formation, and evolutionary significance. Specimens are sometimes considered to be fossils if they are over 10,000 years old. The oldest fossils are around 3.48 billion years to 4.1 billion years old. Early edition, published online before print. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
