|
Hadronyche
''Hadronyche'' is a genus of venomous Australian funnel-web spiders that was first described by L. Koch in 1873. Originally placed with the curtain web spiders, it was moved to the Hexathelidae in 1980, then to the Atracidae in 2018. Description Their size varies significantly, measuring from 1 to 5 cm. Most species in this genus, as most Mygalomorphae, have a glossy black or brown carapace. They have a very long life span for spiders, having been known to live for up to 20 years. They can be easily identified by the raised morphology of their caput (the front part of the cephalothorax). If identification is not certain, they can be distinguished from ''Atrax'' by the unmodified or blunt apophysis in their second tibia, or from ''Illawarra'' by the male tarsi, which have two instead of three ventral spine rows. Venom While Australian funnel-web spider venom is medically significant, no human fatalities as a result have been recorded since the introduction of antivenom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australian Funnel-web Spider
Atracidae is a family of mygalomorph spiders, commonly known as Australian funnel-web spiders or atracids. It has been included as a subfamily of the Hexathelidae, but is now recognised as a separate family. All members of the family are native to Australia. Atracidae consists of three genera: '' Atrax'', '' Hadronyche'', and '' Illawarra'', comprising 35 species. Some members of the family produce venom that is dangerous to humans, and bites by spiders of six of the species have caused severe injuries to victims. The bites of the Sydney funnel-web spider (''Atrax robustus'') and northern tree-dwelling funnel-web spider ('' Hadronyche formidabilis'') are potentially deadly, but no fatalities have occurred since the introduction of modern first-aid techniques and antivenom. Description Spiders in the family Atracidae are medium to large in size, with body lengths ranging from , with one exceptional specimen reaching . They have a hairless carapace covering the front part of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hadronyche Cerberea
''Hadronyche cerberea'', the southern tree-dwelling funnel-web spider, is an extremely venomous mygalomorph spider found in central New South Wales, Australia. Taxonomy and naming German naturalist Ludwig Koch described the southern tree-dwelling funnel-web spider from a female spider collected in Sydney, and erected the genus ''Hadronyche'' in 1873. The type specimen was housed at the State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart and destroyed during bombing in World War II. A neotype was subsequently selected in 2010 and is housed at the Australian Museum in Sydney. Description The southern tree-dwelling funnel-web spider has a glossy black carapace, matte black or dark brown chelicerae and legs, and a light maroon-brown to dark brown abdomen. Distribution and habitat The southern tree-dwelling funnel-web spider is found in eastern Australia from the Hunter River in central New South Wales to southern New South Wales. This and the northern tree-dwelling funnel-web spider (''Had ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hadronyche Anzses
''Hadronyche anzses'', also known as the wet tropics funnel-web spider, is a species of funnel-web spider in the Atracidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 2000 by Australian arachnologist Robert Raven. Distribution and habitat The species occurs on the coastal rim of the Mount Carbine Tableland, west of Mossman in Far North Queensland, where it inhabits high altitude rainforest Rainforests are forests characterized by a closed and continuous tree Canopy (biology), canopy, moisture-dependent vegetation, the presence of epiphytes and lianas and the absence of wildfire. Rainforests can be generally classified as tropi .... References anzses Spiders of Australia Endemic fauna of Australia Arachnids of Queensland Spiders described in 2000 Taxa named by Robert Raven {{Atracidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hadronyche Modesta
''Hadronyche modesta'', the Victorian funnel-web spider, is a species of spider found in Victoria, Australia. Taxonomy A member of the genus '' Hadronyche'', the Victorian funnel-web spider was first described in 1891 by Simon in the genus ''Atrax'', having been collected from the vicinity of Melbourne. The type specimen is located in Paris. Description A small species compared with other Australian funnel-web spiders, the Victorian funnel-web spider has a similar colouration to most other Australian funnel-web spiders, namely a shiny black carapace and black to dark brown legs and chelicerae, with a matte abdomen with a maroon tinge. Distribution and habitat The Victorian funnel-web spider is found in southeastern Australia from the vicinity of Melbourne east through the Dandenong Ranges and East Gippsland. Venom Although this species is related to the Sydney funnel-web spider, it has not been implicated in any fatalities or serious envenomations. It is only known to cause gen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hadronyche Alpina
''Hadronyche alpina'', also known as the Alpine funnel-web spider or Kosciusko funnel-web spider, is a species of funnel-web spider in the Atracidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 2010 by Australian arachnologist Michael R. Gray. The specific epithet ''alpina'' refers to the alpine habitats in the Snowy Mountains region where the spiders are found. Distribution and habitat The species occurs in the Kosciuszko National Park of New South Wales and the Brindabella Range of the Australian Capital Territory, as well as in the Alpine National Park, Victoria. References alpina Alpina Burkard Bovensiepen GmbH & Co. KG is an automobile manufacturing company based in Buchloe, in the Ostallgäu district of Bavaria, Germany that develops and sells high-performance versions of BMW cars. Alpina works closely with BMW and t ... Spiders of Australia Endemic fauna of Australia Arthropods of New South Wales Fauna of the Australian Capital Territory S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hadronyche Adelaidensis
''Hadronyche adelaidensis'', also known as the Adelaide funnel-web spider, is a species of funnel-web spider in the Atracidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1984 by Australian arachnologist Michael R. Gray. Distribution and habitat The species is found in the Mount Lofty Ranges and the Adelaide region of South Australia South Australia (commonly abbreviated as SA) is a States and territories of Australia, state in the southern central part of Australia. With a total land area of , it is the fourth-largest of Australia's states and territories by area, which in .... References adelaidensis Spiders of Australia Endemic fauna of Australia Arthropods of South Australia Spiders described in 1984 Taxa named by Michael R. Gray {{Atracidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hadronyche Annachristiae
''Hadronyche annachristiae'' is a species of funnel-web spider in the Atracidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 2010 by Australian arachnologist Michael R. Gray. The species epithet ''annachristiae'' honours the author’s daughter, Anna-Christie Gray. Distribution and habitat The species occurs in the Kerewong and Lorne State Forests in the Mid North Coast region of New South Wales New South Wales (commonly abbreviated as NSW) is a States and territories of Australia, state on the Eastern states of Australia, east coast of :Australia. It borders Queensland to the north, Victoria (state), Victoria to the south, and South .... References annachristiae Spiders of Australia Endemic fauna of Australia Arthropods of New South Wales Spiders described in 2010 Taxa named by Michael R. Gray {{Atracidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hadronyche Emmalizae
''Hadronyche emmalizae'' is a species of funnel-web spider in the Atracidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 2010 by Australian arachnologist Michael R. Gray. The species epithet honours the author's daughter, Emma Elizabeth Jensen Gray. Distribution and habitat The species occurs in the Bago State Forest and Khancoban- Geehi region, on the western side of the Snowy Mountains, in New South Wales New South Wales (commonly abbreviated as NSW) is a States and territories of Australia, state on the Eastern states of Australia, east coast of :Australia. It borders Queensland to the north, Victoria (state), Victoria to the south, and South .... References emmalizae Spiders of Australia Endemic fauna of Australia Arthropods of New South Wales Spiders described in 2010 Taxa named by Michael R. Gray {{Atracidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hexathelidae
Hexathelidae is a family of mygalomorph spiders. It is one of a number of families and genera of spiders known as tunnelweb or funnel-web spiders. In 2018, the family was substantially reduced in size by genera being moved to three separate families: Atracidae, Macrothelidae and Porrhothelidae. Description These spiders are medium to large in size, with body lengths ranging from . The body is typically three times longer than it is wide. They are darkly colored, ranging from black to brown, with a glossy carapace covering the front part of the body. Like the related diplurid spiders, the hexathelids have generally long spinnerets. Their moderately long posterior spinnerets and other features make the Hexathelidae appear similar to the Dipluridae, and were considered a subfamily of the latter until 1980. Like other Mygalomorphae (also called the Orthognatha, an infraorder of spiders which includes the true tarantulas), these spiders have fangs which point straight down ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atrax
''Atrax'' is a genus of venomous Australian funnel web spiders that was first described by O. Pickard-Cambridge in 1877 from the type species '' Atrax robustus''. It contains five species. Originally placed with the curtain web spiders, it was moved to the Hexathelidae in 1980, then to the Australian funnel-web spiders in 2018. Description They are medium to large spiders for their family, ranging from 1.5 to 4.5 cm. As most in the Mygalomorphae infraorder, they have robust bodies, with a glossy dark colouration in their carapace and legs, and a grey opisthosoma. They also have the same long life, ranging from 4 to 20 years. They are usually found in burrows with little silk lining, under rocks or logs, with their aptly named funnel-like webs. They are found in the coasts and highlands of southeastern Australia. Identification They can be identified from others of the same family by the large coniform apophysis on the male tibia, and from the Hadronyche by the lowe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Australia
South Australia (commonly abbreviated as SA) is a States and territories of Australia, state in the southern central part of Australia. With a total land area of , it is the fourth-largest of Australia's states and territories by area, which includes some of the most arid parts of the continent, and with 1.8 million people. It is the fifth-largest of the states and territories by population. This population is the second-most highly centralised in the nation after Western Australia, with more than 77% of South Australians living in the capital Adelaide or its environs. Other population centres in the state are relatively small; Mount Gambier, the second-largest centre, has a population of 26,878. South Australia shares borders with all the other mainland states. It is bordered to the west by Western Australia, to the north by the Northern Territory, to the north-east by Queensland, to the east by New South Wales, to the south-east by Victoria (state), Victoria, and to the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Species
In International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature, zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological Type (biology), type wiktionary:en:specimen, specimen (or specimens). Article 67.1 A similar concept is used for suprageneric groups and called a type genus. In botanical nomenclature, these terms have no formal standing under the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, code of nomenclature, but are sometimes borrowed from zoological nomenclature. In botany, the type of a genus name is a specimen (or, rarely, an illustration) which is also the type of a species name. The species name with that type can also be referred to as the type of the genus name. Names of genus and family ranks, the various subdivisions of those ranks, and some higher-rank names based on genus names, have suc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
