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Hadhra
The hadra () is a collective supererogatory ritual performed by Sufi orders. It is often held on Thursday evenings after the night prayer, on Fridays after jumu'ah prayer or on Sunday evenings, and can also be celebrated on special Islamic festivals and at rites of passage. It may be held at home or in a mosque. The underlying term in Arabic literally means "Divine Presence" and the human experience of it is known as "Hudur".Chittick, William "Presence with God", page 17. The ninth annual symposium of the Muhyiddin Ibn 'Arabi Society in the USA, University of California, Berkeley, 28-29 October 1995. https://www.themathesontrust.org/papers/islam/Chittick-Presence_with_God.pdf The hadra features various forms of dhikr (remembrance), including sermons, collective study, recitation of Qur'an and other texts (especially devotional texts particular to the Sufi order (tariqa) in question, called ''hizb'' and ''wird''), religious poetic chanting, centering on praise and supplication t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabic Language
Arabic (, , or , ) is a Central Semitic languages, Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic languages, Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) assigns language codes to 32 varieties of Arabic, including its standard form of Literary Arabic, known as Modern Standard Arabic, which is derived from Classical Arabic. This distinction exists primarily among Western linguists; Arabic speakers themselves generally do not distinguish between Modern Standard Arabic and Classical Arabic, but rather refer to both as ( "the eloquent Arabic") or simply ' (). Arabic is the List of languages by the number of countries in which they are recognized as an official language, third most widespread official language after English and French, one of six official languages of the United Nations, and the Sacred language, liturgical language of Islam. Arabic is widely taught in schools and universities around the wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabic Music
Arabic music () is the music of the Arab world with all its diverse List of music styles, music styles and genres. Arabic countries have many rich and varied styles of music and also many linguistic Varieties of Arabic, dialects, with each country and region having their own Folk music, traditional music. Arabic music has a long history of interaction with many other regional Music genre, musical styles and genres. It represents the music of all the Member states of the Arab League, peoples that make up the Arab world today. History Pre-Islamic period Pre-Islamic Arabia was the cradle of many intellectual achievements, including music, Music theory, musical theory and the development of musical instruments. In Yemen, the main center of pre-Islamic Arab sciences, literature and arts, musicians benefited from the patronage of the Kings of Sabaeans, Sabaʾ who encouraged the development of music. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dhikr Hadrah Articulation
(; ; ) is a form of Islamic worship in which phrases or prayers are repeatedly recited for the purpose of remembering God. It plays a central role in Sufism, and each Sufi order typically adopts a specific ''dhikr'', accompanied by specific posture, breathing, and movement. In Sufism, ''dhikr'' refers to both the act of this remembrance as well as the prayers used in these acts of remembrance. ''Dhikr'' usually includes the names of God or supplication from the Quran or hadith. It may be counted with either one's fingers or prayer beads, and may be performed alone or with a collective group. A person who recites ''dhikr'' is called a ''dhākir'' (; ; ). The Quran frequently refers to itself and other scriptures and prophetic messages as "reminders" (''dhikrah'', ''tadhkīrah''), which is understood as a call to "remember" (''dhikr'') an innate knowledge of God humans already possess. The Quran uses the term ''dhikr'' to denote the reminder from God conveyed through the pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shadhili
The Shadhili Order () is a tariqah or Sufi order. The Shadhili order was founded by Abu al-Hasan al-Shadhili in the 13th century and is followed by millions of people around the world. Many followers (Arabic ''murids'', "seekers") of the Shadhili Order are known as Shadhilis, and a single follower is known as Shadhili. It has historically been of importance and influence in the Maghreb and Egypt with many contributions to Islamic literature. Among the figures most known for their literary and intellectual contributions are ibn Ata Allah al-Iskandari, author of the ''Hikam'', and Ahmad Zarruq, author of numerous commentaries and works, and Ahmad ibn Ajiba who also wrote numerous commentaries and works. In poetry expressing love of Muhammad, there have been the notable contributions of Muhammad al-Jazuli, author of the ''Dala'il al-Khayrat'', and al-Busiri, author of the famous poem, the ''Al-Burda'' or "The Celestial Lights in Praise of the Best of Creation". Many of the head le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Durood
(; ) or () is an Islamic complimentary Arabic phrase which contains veneration for Muhammad. This phrase is usually expressed by Muslims as part of their five daily prayers (usually during the ) and also when Muhammad's name is mentioned. is a plural form of () and from the triliteral root of ''ṣ-l-w'' (the letters , ) which literally means 'prayer' or 'send blessings upon'. Some Arabic philologists suggest that the meaning of the word varies depending on who uses the word and to whom it is used for. The suffix , meaning "May God's peace be upon him and his household", is a respectful Arabic term used in Arabic and Persian Islamic texts to respect the prophet of Islam, Muhammad when his name mentioned. Of course, this term can be used for the Fourteen Infallibles or any great person. This phrase is most often used after the name Muhammad, the Prophet of Islam. This Arabic phrase may also come after the names of special and holy people. All of these phrases mean "asking f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hamd
Hamd () is a word that exclusively praises God - whether written or spoken. Thus, The word "Hamd" is always followed by the name of God (Allah) - a phrase known as the Tahmid - "al-ḥamdu li-llāh" (Arabic: ) (English: "praise be to God"). The word "Hamd" comes from the Qur'an, and is the epithet or locution which, after the Basmala, Bismillah, establishes the first verse of the first chapter of the Qur'an - al Fatiha Mubarak (the opening). A Hamd is usually written in Arabic, Persian language, Persian, Turkish language, Turkish, Bengali language, Bengali, Punjabi language, Punjabi, or Hindustani language, Hindustani and recited all over the Muslim world, from Indonesia to Morocco. A Qawwali performance usually includes at least one Hamd, which is traditionally at the beginning of the performance. In the five pillars of Islam In the five pillars of Islam, the concept of Hamd is in each pillar to emphasize the importance of this word. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Junayd Baghdadi
Junayd of Baghdad (; ) was a mystic and one of the most famous of the early Islamic saints. He is a central figure in the spiritual lineage of many Sufi orders. Junayd taught in Baghdad throughout his lifetime and was an important figure in the development of Sufi doctrine. Like Hasan of Basra before him, was widely revered by his students and disciples as well as quoted by other mystics. Because of his importance in Sufi theology, Junayd was often referred to as the "Sultan". Early life and education The exact birth date of Abu-l-Qāsim al-Junayd ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Junayd al-Khazzāz al-Qawārīrī (Arabic: أبو القاسم الجنيد بن محمد الخزاز القواريري) is disputed and ranges from 210 to 215 AH according to Abdel-Kader. His death is more certain and ranges from 296 to 298 AH (908 to 910 CE). It is believed that al-Junayd was of Persian ancestry, with his ancestors originating in Nihawand in modern-day Iran. Al-Junayd was raised by his un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tarteel
() is the Arabic word for hymnody. The term is commonly translated in reference to the Quran as recitation, "in proper order" and "with no haste". In the Quran This word is used in chapter 73 named , verse 4 of the Qur'an: The Arabic word translated as "slow, measured rhythmic tones" is . It is also the term used to define the rules explaining proper recitation of the Quran in the manner that Gabriel revealed it to Muhammad. Meaning and practice While reciting, one has to keep in mind the (division) and (joining) of words and sentences. The interpretation of the above-mentioned verse according to Ibn Kathir is, "recite the Quran slowly, making the letters clear, for this is an assistance in understanding and pondering the meaning of the Quran." The fourth caliph, Ali ibn Abi Talib, said that is delivering words according to their (outlets for sound or intonations). Saying the words clearly and slowly and reciting with understanding and uttering the contents correctly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ostinato
In music, an ostinato (; derived from the Italian word for ''stubborn'', compare English ''obstinate'') is a motif or phrase that persistently repeats in the same musical voice, frequently in the same pitch. Well-known ostinato-based pieces include classical compositions such as Ravel's ''Boléro'' and the '' Carol of the Bells'', and popular songs such as John Lennon’s “Mind Games” (1973), Donna Summer and Giorgio Moroder's " I Feel Love" (1977), Henry Mancini's theme from ''Peter Gunn'' (1959), The Who's " Baba O'Riley" (1971), The Verve's " Bitter Sweet Symphony" (1997), and Flo Rida's " Low" (2007). Both ''ostinatos'' and ''ostinati'' are accepted English plural forms, the latter reflecting the word's Italian etymology. The repeating idea may be a rhythmic pattern, part of a tune, or a complete melody in itself. Kamien, Roger (1258). ''Music: An Appreciation'', p. 611. . Strictly speaking, ostinati should have exact repetition, but in common usage, the term cover ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Murid
In Sufism, a (Arabic ) is a novice committed to spiritual enlightenment by (traversing a path) under a spiritual guide, who may take the title , or . A or Sufi follower only becomes a when he makes a pledge () to a . The equivalent Persian term is . The initiation Initiation is a rite of passage marking entrance or acceptance into a group or society. It could also be a formal admission to adulthood in a community or one of its formal components. In an extended sense, it can also signify a transformatio ... process of a is known as () or . Before initiation, a is instructed by his guide, who must first accept the initiate as his disciple. Throughout the instruction period, the typically experiences waridates like visions and dreams during personal spiritual awrads and exercises. These visions are interpreted by the . A common practice among the early Sufi orders was to grant a or a robe to the upon the initiation or after he had progressed through a series ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sheikh
Sheikh ( , , , , ''shuyūkh'' ) is an honorific title in the Arabic language, literally meaning "elder (administrative title), elder". It commonly designates a tribal chief or a Muslim ulama, scholar. Though this title generally refers to men, there are also a small number of female sheikhs in history. The title ''Syeikha'' or ''Sheikha'' generally refers to women. In some countries, it is given as a surname to those of great knowledge in religious affairs, by a prestigious religious leader from a silsila, chain of Sufi scholars. The word is mentioned in the Qur'an in three places: verse 72 of Hud (surah), Hud, 78 of Yusuf (surah), Yusuf, and 23 of al-Qasas. A royal family member of the United Arab Emirates and some other Arab countries, also has this title, since the ruler of each emirate is also the sheikh of their tribe. Etymology and meaning The word in Arabic stems from a Semitic root, triliteral root connected with aging: , ''shīn-yā'-khā. The title carries the me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
