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HM15211
Efocipegtrutide (HM15211) is a triple agonist of the glucagon, GIP, and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP1R) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) found on beta cells of the pancreas and on neurons of the brain. It is involved in the control of blood sugar level by enhancing insulin secretion. In humans it i ...s. It is being studied for obesity and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. References GLP-1 receptor agonists Glucagon receptor agonists GIP receptor agonists Peptide therapeutics {{pharma-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glucagon-like Peptide 1 Receptor
The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP1R) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) found on beta cells of the pancreas and on neurons of the brain. It is involved in the control of blood sugar level by enhancing insulin secretion. In humans it is synthesised by the gene ''GLP1R'', which is present on chromosome 6. It is a member of the glucagon receptor family of GPCRs. GLP1R is composed of two domains, one extracellular (ECD) that binds the C-terminal helix of GLP-1, and one transmembrane domain (TMD) that binds the N-terminal region of GLP-1. In the TMD domain a fulcrum of polar residues regulates the biased signaling of the receptor while the transmembrane helical boundaries and extracellular surface are a trigger for biased agonism. Ligands GLP1R binds glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP1) and glucagon as its natural endogenous agonists. Agonists: *GLP-1 – endogenous in humans *glucagon – endogenous in humans *oxyntomodulin * exendin-4, *exenatide * lixisenatide * albigluti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glucagon Receptor
The glucagon receptor is a 62 kDa protein that is activated by glucagon and is a member of the class B G-protein coupled family of receptors ( secretin receptor family), coupled to G alpha i, Gs and to a lesser extent G alpha q. Stimulation of the receptor results in the activation of adenylate cyclase and phospholipase C and in increased levels of the secondary messengers intracellular cAMP and calcium. In humans, the glucagon receptor is encoded by the gene. Glucagon receptors are mainly expressed in liver and in kidney with lesser amounts found in heart, adipose tissue, spleen, thymus, adrenal glands, pancreas, cerebral cortex, and gastrointestinal tract. Signal transduction pathway A glucagon receptor, upon binding with the signaling molecule glucagon, initiates a signal transduction pathway that begins with the activation of adenylate cyclase, which in turn produces cyclic AMP (cAMP). Protein kinase A, whose activation is dependent on the increased levels of cAMP, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide Receptor
The gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor (GIP-R), also known as the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''GIPR'' gene. GIP-R is a member of the class B family of G protein coupled receptors. GIP-R is found on beta-cells in the pancreas where it serves as the receptor for the hormone Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP). Function Gastric inhibitory polypeptide, also called glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, is a 42-amino acid polypeptide synthesized by K cells of the duodenum and small intestine. It was originally identified as an activity in gut extracts that inhibited gastric acid secretion and gastrin release, but subsequently was demonstrated to stimulate insulin release potently in the presence of elevated glucose. The insulinotropic effect on pancreatic islet beta-cells was then recognized to be the principal physiologic action of GIP. Together with glucagon-like peptide-1 Glucago ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, also known as GLP-1 analogs, GLP-1RAs, or incretin mimetics, are a class of anorectic drugs that reduce blood sugar and energy intake by activating the GLP-1 receptor. They mimic the actions of the endogenous incretin hormone GLP-1, which is released by the gut after eating. GLP-1 agonists were initially developed for type 2 diabetes. The 2022 American Diabetes Association standards of medical care recommend GLP-1 agonists as a first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes, specifically in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease or obesity. The drugs were also noted to reduce food intake and body weight significantly, and some have been approved to treat obesity and other components of the metabolic syndrome in the absence of diabetes. They are also in development for other indications, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, polycystic ovary syndrome, and diseases of the reward system such as addictions. Mechanism of a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glucagon Receptor Agonists
Glucagon is a peptide hormone, produced by alpha cells of the pancreas. It raises the concentration of glucose and fatty acids in the bloodstream and is considered to be the main catabolic hormone of the body. It is also used as a medication to treat a number of health conditions. Its effect is opposite to that of insulin, which lowers extracellular glucose. It is produced from proglucagon, encoded by the ''GCG'' gene. The pancreas releases glucagon when the amount of glucose in the bloodstream is too low. Glucagon causes the liver to engage in glycogenolysis: converting stored glycogen into glucose, which is released into the bloodstream. High blood-glucose levels, on the other hand, stimulate the release of insulin. Insulin allows glucose to be taken up and used by insulin-dependent tissues. Thus, glucagon and insulin are part of a feedback system that keeps blood glucose levels stable. Glucagon increases energy expenditure and is elevated under conditions of stress. Glucagon be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GIP Receptor Agonists
GIP or Gip may refer to: Businesses and organisations * Gaumee Itthihaad, a political party in Maldives * General Intelligence Presidency, the primary intelligence agency of Saudi Arabia * Ghetto Informant Program, of the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation * Georgia Innocence Project, an American non-profit corporation * Global Infrastructure Partners, an American private equity firm * Graduate Institute of Peace Studies, Kyung Hee University, South Korea * Groupe d'Information sur les Prisons, a French organisation in the 1970s * Global Initiative on Psychiatry * Air Guinee Express, ICAO airline code GIP Places * Gip, West Virginia, U.S. * The Great India Place, or GIP Mall, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India * Gipsy Hill railway station, London, England, National Rail station code GIP Science and technology * Gastric inhibitory polypeptide, also known as glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide * Graph isomorphism problem * GSM Interworking Profile, a telecommunications sta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
