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Gregorio Jover Cortés
Gregorio Jover Cortés (Teruel, 25 October 1891 – Mexico, 22 March 1964) was an Aragonese anarcho-syndicalist and a member of the CNT during the first third of the 20th century. During the Spanish Civil War he was commander of the Ascaso Column and later the militarized 28th Division, which fought on the Aragon front. Biography Early years As a child he emigrated to Valencia, where he joined socialist and later anarchist youth organizations. Around 1911, after completing military service as a conscript, he again emigrated to Barcelona, where he worked as a carpenter, joining the corresponding CNT union. Persecuted for his activism, he took refuge in Valencia for a time, and then returned to Barcelona, where he was elected delegate of the Catalan Wood Union, although he was also active in the ''Los Valencianos'' group. On 12 August 1923 he took part in the regional congress of the CNT held in Manresa, rejecting the post of secretary offered to him because he was declar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teruel
Teruel () is a city in Aragon, located in eastern Spain, and is also the capital of Teruel (province), Teruel Province. It had a population of 35,900 as of 2022, making it the least populated provincial capital in Spain. It is noted for its harsh climate, with a wide daily variation on temperatures and its renowned ''jamón serrano'' (cured ham), its pottery, its surrounding archaeological sites, rock outcrops containing some of the oldest dinosaur remains of the Iberian Peninsula, and its famous events: '':es:La Vaquilla del Ángel, La Vaquilla del Ángel'' during the weekend (Friday to Monday) closest to 10 July and "Bodas de Isabel de Segura" around the third weekend of February. Teruel is regarded as the "town of Mudéjar art, Mudéjar" (Moorish-influenced architecture) due to numerous buildings designed in this style. All of them are comprised in the Mudéjar Architecture of Aragon which is a World Heritage Site by the UNESCO. Teruel's remote and mountainous location abo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Confederation Of Labor
National may refer to: Common uses * Nation or country ** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen Places in the United States * National, Maryland, census-designated place * National, Nevada, ghost town * National, Utah, ghost town * National, West Virginia, unincorporated community Commerce * National (brand), a brand name of electronic goods from Panasonic * National Benzole (or simply known as National), former petrol station chain in the UK, merged with BP * National Book Store, a bookstore and office supplies chain in the Philippines * National Car Rental, an American rental car company * National Energy Systems, a former name of Eco Marine Power * National Entertainment Commission, a former name of the Media Rating Council * National Motor Vehicle Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA 1900–1924 * National Radio Company, Malden, Massachusetts, USA 1914–1991 * National Supermarket ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prime Minister Of Spain
The prime minister of Spain, officially president of the Government (), is the head of government of Spain. The prime minister nominates the Spanish government departments, ministers and chairs the Council of Ministers (Spain), Council of Ministers. In this sense, the prime minister establishes the Government of Spain, Government policies and coordinates the actions of the Cabinet members. As chief executive, the prime minister also advises the Monarchy of Spain, monarch on the exercise of their royal prerogatives. Although it is not possible to determine when the position actually originated, the office of prime minister evolved throughout history to what it is today. The role of prime minister (then called Secretary of State) as president of the Council of Ministers, first appears in a royal decree of 1824 by King Ferdinand VII of Spain, Ferdinand VII. The current office was established during the reign of Juan Carlos I, in the Constitution of Spain, 1978 Constitution, which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buenaventura Durruti
José Buenaventura Durruti Dumange (14 July 1896 – 20 November 1936) was a Spanish anarchist revolutionary involved with the CNT and the FAI in the periods before and during the Spanish Civil War of 1936–1939. Durruti played an influential role during the Spanish Revolution of 1936 and is remembered as a hero in and by the anarchist movement. Early life Childhood and education José Buenaventura Durruti Dumange was born on 14 July 1896, in the Santa Ana neighbourhood of León; he was the second of eight children, born to Santiago Durruti), and used to refer to Basques who lived in the mountains far away from urban centres. Durruti's paternal grandfather, Lorenzo Durruti, had moved from the Basque Country to León with little knowledge of the Spanish language. There he married an Asturian woman, Josefa Malgo, the daughter of a court employee, who gave birth to their son Santiago. and Anastasia Dumange. Durruti began his primary education at the age of five; his tea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iberian Anarchist Federation
The Iberian Anarchist Federation (, FAI) is a Spanish anarchist organization. Due to its close relation with the Confederación Nacional del Trabajo (CNT) anarcho-syndicalist union, it is often abbreviated as CNT-FAI. The FAI publishes the periodical '' Tierra y Libertad''. The '' Iberian'' part of its name alludes to the purpose of unifying Spanish and Portuguese anarchists in a Pan-Iberian organization. The FAI meetings were initially attended by members of the Portuguese anarchist organizations União Anarquista Portuguesa and Confederação Geral do Trabalho, including the Zaragoza Congress of the CNT in 1936. However, it later ceased to have Portuguese participation and become an entirely Spanish organization. It is still in operation today and aligns itself with the International of Anarchist Federations (IAF-IFA). History It was founded in Valencia in 1927 (after a preliminary meeting the previous year in Marseille, France), to campaign for keeping the CNT on an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Los Solidarios
''Los Solidarios'' (; or The Solidaristic) was a Anarchism in Spain, Spanish anarchist militant group, established in 1922 to combat the rise of ''pistolerismo'' and company union, yellow syndicalism, which represented the interests of businessperson, business owners. At first, the group organised the Catalan anarchist movement, stockpiled weapons and infiltrated the Spanish Armed Forces. Following the assassination of Salvador Seguí, the General Secretary of the Confederación Nacional del Trabajo, general secretary of the anarchist national trade union center, trade union centre, the Confederación Nacional del Trabajo (CNT), the group initiated its own campaign of targeted assassinations against officials who they held responsible for state terrorism. In 1923, ''Los Solidarios'' assassinated ''pistolero'' leader Ramón Laguía, the former governor of Biscay Fernando González Regueral, and the Archbishop of Zaragoza Juan Soldevila y Romero, Juan Soldevila. As news began to sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Direct Action
Direct action is a term for economic and political behavior in which participants use agency—for example economic or physical power—to achieve their goals. The aim of direct action is to either obstruct a certain practice (such as a government's laws or actions) or to solve perceived problems (such as social inequality). Direct action may include activities, often nonviolent but possibly violent, targeting people, groups, institutions, actions, or property that its participants deem objectionable. Nonviolent direct action may include civil disobedience, sit-ins, strikes, and counter-economics. Violent direct action may include political violence, assault, arson, sabotage, and property destruction. Terminology and definitions It is not known when the term ''direct action'' first appeared. Spanish philosopher José Ortega y Gasset wrote that the term and concept of direct action originated in ''fin de siècle'' France. The Industrial Workers of the World union first me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Illegalist
Illegalism is a tendency of anarchism that developed primarily in France, Italy, Belgium and Switzerland during the late 1890s and early 1900s as an outgrowth of individualist anarchism. Illegalists embrace criminality either openly or secretly as a lifestyle. Illegalism does not specify the type of crime, though it is associated with theft and shoplifting. Some anarchists, like Clément Duval and Marius Jacob, justified theft with theories of individual reclamation () and propaganda of the deed and saw their crime as an educational and organizational tool to facilitate a broader resistance movement. Others, such as Jules Bonnot and the Bonnot Gang, saw their actions in terms of egoist anarchism and referred to the philosophy of Max Stirner. Influenced by theorist Max Stirner's egoism, some illegalists in France broke from anarchists. They argued that their actions required no moral basis and illegal acts were taken not in the name of a higher ideal, but in pursuit of one's ow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sindicatos Libres
The ''Sindicatos Libres'' ( Spanish for "Free Trade Unions"; ) was a Spanish company union born in Barcelona, Catalonia. It was established by Carlist workers, and remained active during the early interwar period (the late stages of Restoration Spain) as a counterweight to the anarcho-syndicalist ''Confederación Nacional del Trabajo''. The group aided employers take action against striking unionists, and was thus criticized as a " yellow union" with proto-fascist leanings; however, its regular members were in practice freely moving between right- and left-wing unionism. The ''Sindicatos'' lost momentum during the dictatorship of Miguel Primo de Rivera, and eventually dissolved when the Second Spanish Republic was proclaimed. History They ''Sindicatos Libres'' were founded on 10 October 1919 in Barcelona, during a time of severe and violent class conflict between employers and workers in the city, with the practice of "'' pistolerismo''" widespread. With employers feeling that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pistolerismo
refers both to a specific period of Spanish history, between the general strike of August 1917 and Miguel Primo de Rivera, Primo de Rivera's Coup d'état, coup in September 1923, and to the social phenomenon spread in many areas of Spain during which Spanish employers hired thugs to intimidate and often attack trade unionists and notable workers – and vice versa. It was characterized by the birth and proliferation of several armed groups composed of ("gunfighters"), men specialized in the use of violence. It reached its most tragic consequences in the region of Catalonia and especially in the city of Barcelona, where hundreds of people were killed or injured as consequence of political violence and social attacks. Above all, social clashes of these years played a fundamental role in the crisis of the Spanish Liberalism, Liberal State, whose existence definitely finished with de Rivera's coup. Historical background At the beginning of 20th century, Spain was led by a parlia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dictatorship Of Primo De Rivera
General Miguel Primo de Rivera's dictatorship over Spain began with a coup on 13 September 1923 and ended with his resignation on 28 January 1930. It took place during the wider reign of King Alfonso XIII. In establishing his dictatorship, Primo de Rivera ousted the liberal government led by Prime Minister Manuel García Prieto and initially gained the support of King Alfonso XIII and the army. During the Military Directory (1923–1925), the dictatorship created the official party of the regime, the Unión Patriótica (UP). It also censored the Spanish press and worked to eliminate separatism in Catalonia. Under Primo de Rivera's dictatorship, Spain won the Rif War, where Spanish forces fought Riffian tribes in Morocco. Primo de Rivera's dictatorship established the Civil Directory in 1925. During the Civil Directory, Primo de Rivera created the National Assembly, where Spanish corporations had their interests represented. The dictatorship formed good relationships wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manresa
Manresa () is the capital of Bages county, located in the central region of Catalonia, Spain. Crossed by the river Cardener, it is an industrial area with textile, metallurgical, and glass industries. The houses of Manresa are arranged around the basilica of Santa Maria de la Seu. Saint Ignatius of Loyola stopped to pray in the town on his way back from Montserrat in 1522. He also read in solitude in a cave near the town for a year, which contributed to the formulation of his Spiritual Exercises. As such, the town is a place of pilgrimage for Catholics. It is believed the comarcal name "Bages" comes from a corruption of the Latin "Bacchus" due to the extensive production of wine in the area. The wine was produced from grapes grown mainly in terraced vineyards, and many of these old terraces can be seen today. Wine ceased to be the main product of the area as a consequence of phylloxera, but is still a very important part of the Manresa/Bages economy. During the Napo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
