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Garad
Garad ( Harari: ገራድ, , , Oromo: ''Garaada'') is a term used to refer to a king, Sultan or regional administrator. It was used primarily by Muslims in the Horn of Africa that were associated with Islamic states, most notably the Adal Sultanate. Etymology The origin of the term ''Garad'' is uncertain. According to Enrico Cerulli, Garad originates from the era of Adal. Garad denotes a headman within a ''"Gaar"'' (clan/house). In the Somali language ''Garad'' roughly translates to "chief" or "wise man", as well as "wisdom". Another word origin in the Somali language is ''Gar Aad'', which is the concatenation of the words "justice" and "move towards", therefore the literal meaning of Garad in Somali is "one who seeks justice" Garad also denotes a ''"chief"'' in Harari and Silt'e languages respectively. Historian Abdurahman Garad states Garad is derived from the Harari term agârada "to observe well" thus closely associated with the uniquely Harari title " Malak". Accord ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dhulbahante
The Dhulbahante, (, ) are a Somali sub-clan, part of the Harti branch of the larger Darod clan. They primary reside in and around their traditional territories of Nugaal, as well as Doollo. The clan's progenitor is buried at Badweyn. The current supreme Garad of the Dhulbahante is Garad Jama Garad Ali. Overview The extended formal name of Dhulbahante, the clan's forefather was ''Said Saleh Abdi Mohamed Abdirahman bin Isma'il al-Jabarti'' whose resting place is Badweyn. According to Somali tradition, his mother hailed from the Arap clan of the Isaaq clan-family. This maternal connection has enticed a mutual affinity between the two clans. The primary homeland of the clan straddles the Haud region and the Nugaal Valley, hence segments of the clan who settle in either plateau are colloquially referred to as the ''Reer Hawd'' and ''Reer Nugaaled''. Currently, the clan has 13 active Garads. The most senior Garaad of these traditional leaders is Garad Jama Garad Ali wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Farah Garad
The Farah Garad or the Garad Farah (, , Full Name:'' ’Farah Shirshore Habarwa Abdullah Muse Said Saleh Abdi Mohamed Abdirahman bin Isma'il al-Jabarti'' ) is a Somali clan which is part of the Dhulbahante clan-family, a sub-division of the larger Harti/Darod clan. The Farah Garad are divided into two sub-clans — Yassin Garad and Abdalla Garad. Abdalla has four clan eponyms, Ahmed Garad, Mohamed Garad (Baharsame), Guled Garad (Barkad) and Ali Garad. They are largely significant in Sool and Togdheer regions of Khatumo, Somalia, and Dollo in Somali region of Ethiopia. Garad Jama Garad Ali is concurrently the Garad of Farah Garad and the supreme Garad of Dhulbahante. Overview The largest of the Farah Garad sub-clans is "Ahmed Garad" which are made up of Ali geri Ahmed, Aadan Ahmed, Naaleeye Ahmed, Samakaab Ahmed & Cigaal Ahmed(Odala), Warfaa Ahmed, and Hassan Ahmed. *Mohamed Garaad (Bahararsame) are second common sub-clan in Farah Garaad, mainly Reer Naaleeye, and Reer Garaad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marehan
The Marehan (, ) is a Somali clan, which is part of one of the largest Somali clan families, the Darod. The clan are the largest tribe in the Jubaland state and make the majority of the Gedo, Middle Juba and Lower Juba states, some major cities in these states owned by the tribe are Beled Hawo, Jilib, Saakow, Kismayo, Bardhere and Burgabo. They are primarily concentrated on the western part of Middle Juba primarily in Bu'aale where their camels graze deep into the Lower Shabelle and the coasts of Lower Juba. They live as far south as the towns Bilis Qooqaani, Bibi and Midi and the town Diff. The tribe are single handedly the majority of the Kismayo district, with a territory extending as far as the Badhadhe District region, dominating it almost completely comprisng the most territory followed by the Degodi and Gaaljecel tribes, primarily living in the coastal plains, with their main population centres being Ras Marehan and Burgabo. Some major towns/districts of the tribe include ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hadiya Sultanate
Hadiya (also known as Adea, Hadia, or Hadya) was a medieval Muslim state in the southern part of its realm located south of Shewa and west of Sharkha regions of the Ethiopian Empire. The Hadiya Muslim state mainly composed of Cushitic Hadiyya proper, Halaba, Kebena people as well as Semitic Sil'te and other tongues related to Harari language. According to their tradition Kebena people also originally spoke the Semitic Harari language of Harar however shifted to Cushitic Timbaro. Hadiya was historically a vassal state of the Adal federation and then became an autonomous province of Abyssinia in the fourteenth century while still remaining a member of the Zeila union. In the 1600s Hadiya regained its independence and was led by a Garad. By 1850, Hadiya was placed north-west of lakes Zway and Langano but still between these areas. Hadiya was described in the mid-fourteenth century by the Arab historian Shihab Al-Umari as measuring eight days' journey by nine, which Richard ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adal Sultanate
The Adal Sultanate, also known as the Adal Empire or Barr Saʿad dīn (alt. spelling ''Adel Sultanate'', ''Adal Sultanate'') (), was a medieval Sunni Muslim empire which was located in the Horn of Africa. It was founded by Sabr ad-Din III on the Harar plateau in Adal after the fall of the Sultanate of Ifat. The kingdom flourished to 1577.. At its height, the polity under Sultan Badlay controlled the territory stretching from Cape Guardafui in Somalia to the port city of Suakin in Sudan. The Adal Empire maintained a robust commercial and political relationship with the Ottoman Empire. Sultanate of Adal was alternatively known as the federation of Zeila. Etymology Adal is believed to be an abbreviation of Havilah. Eidal or Aw Abdal, was the Emir of Harar in the eleventh century which the lowlands outside the city of Harar is named. In the thirteenth century, the Arab writer al-Dimashqi refers to the city of Zeila, by its Somali name "Awdal" (). The modern Awdal region ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emirate Of Harar
The Emirate of Harar was a Muslim kingdom founded in 1647 when the Harari people refused to accept Imām ʿUmardīn Ādam as their ruler and broke away from the Imamate of Aussa to form their own state under `Ali ibn Da`ud. The Harar, city of Harar Gey served as its sole capital. Prior to its invasion by Shewan forces under Menelik II, the League of Nations noted that the Harar Emirate made up the area between the rivers Awash River, Awash and Shebelle River, Shebelle while the Ogaden was a tributary state. Originally however the Harar Emirate composed of present-day Somalia, Karanle and to the south of eastern Ethiopia including the Arsi Province. Numerous Oromo people, Oromo and Somali people, Somali clans in the region paid tax to the Emirate as late as the 18th century despite their gradual annexation of lands in the Harari state. Harar also dominated trade in Shewa. Harar's influence began shrinking in the 19th century possibly due to lack of resources and famine. Like all ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malassay
A Malassay (Harari language, Harari: መለሳይ ''Mäläsay'', Somali language, Somali: Maalasay) was a member of the elite cavalry units that formed the Adal Sultanate's household troops. According to Manfred Kropp, Malassay were the Harari people, Harari armed forces. Etymology Malassay appears to refer to a military rank or warrior in Afar language, Afar and Harari language, Harari languages. According to Dr. Duri Mohammed, Malassay in ancient times referred to Harari soldiers, however in the present day it refers to a brotherhood or member of a fraternity. According to Harari scholar Abdurrahman Qorram and others, Malassay derives from the root Harari terms ''"mälä"'' (ways and means/solution) and ''"say"'' (wealth/prosperity).” German historian Manfred Kropp, suggests that it may be associated with the Harari title Malak (title), Malak. History Early Ge'ez and Portuguese language, Portuguese texts indicate Muslim soldiers were known as the Malassay. In the thirteenth c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karanle
The Karanle (Arabic: كرنلي ,كرن, Somali: Karanle, Karan) are a Somali clan, forming one of the six branches of the larger Hawiye clan. The Karanle are geographically spread out across three countries: Somalia, Ethiopia, and Kenya. Among all of the Karanle inhabited regions of the Horn of Africa, Ethiopia is where the majority of the clan reside. In Ethiopia, the Karanle are mainly found in Harar, Hubat, and Babile but they also inhabit the Somali Region, Dire Dawa and surrounding regions. The majority of the Karanle Sub-clans predominantly reside in the regions of Ethiopia where the Somali population is predominant, with the exception of the Murusade Sub-clan, who reside in central and southern Somalia. Karanle, was the firstborn son of Hawiye, and was born to his first wife Arbera, who is said to be of Arab descent, and thus was tasked with the duty of upholding harmony within the community. The Karanle have been notably involved in the facilitation of peaceful resolut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malak (title)
Malak ( Harari: መላቅ) (sometimes spelled ''Malaq'') was an administrative designation in the Horn of Africa. Etymology Polish linguist Wolf Leslau notes that the term Malaq signifies chief for one of the five gates of Harar. It is derived from two Harari words, "mala" and "aqa," which together mean 'who knows the way and means.' German historian Manfred Kropp, suggests that it may be associated with another Harari term the Malassay. Additionally, Malak denotes ‘chief’ in Somali, a term borrowed from Harari, as stated by Italian linguist Giorgio Banti and historian Enrico Cerulli. It also signifies ‘chief’ in both the Afar and Oromo languages. History Israeli historian Avishai Ben-Dror asserts that the term "Malak" has its roots in the fifteenth century within the context of the Adal Sultanate. In the 1600s, the leader of the Imamate of Aussa was referred to as Malaq Adam b. Sadiq. This designation persisted in the successor states of Adal, including the A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geledi
The Geledi are a Somali clan that live predominantly in the environs of Afgooye city. They are a sub-clan of the Digil and led the Geledi Sultanate during the late 17th to early 20th century. They are divided into two main lineage groups: the Tolweyne and the Yabadhaale. History Origins The nobles within the Geledi claim descent from Omar al-Din ( Abadir) who arrived from Harar. He had 3 other brothers, Fakhr and with 2 others of whom their names are given differently as Shams, Umudi, Alahi and Ahmed. Together they were known as ''Afarta Timid'' , 'the 4 who came', indicating their origins from Arabia. However the Geledi people like the other Rahanweyn are of true Somali stock and like the Darod and Isaaq claiming Arab lineage was a phenomenon. Aw Kalafow a descendant of Omar is stated to be the first to use the title ''Garad''. Ajuran Sultanate The Geledi and their Wacdaan allies were under the rule of the Ajuran client Silcis. The grandfather of Ibrahim Adeer was Geledi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Habr Awal
The Habr Awal, alternately known as the Zubeyr Awal (, , Full Name: '' Abd al-Raḥmān ibn ash-Ishaaq bin Ahmed, Shaykh Isḥāq ibn Aḥmad)'' is one of the largest subclans of the wider Isaaq clan family, and is further divided into eight sub-clans of whom the two largest and most prominent are the Issa Musa and Sa'ad Musa sub-clans. Its members form a part of the Habar Magadle confederation. The Habr Awal traditionally consists of Nomadic pastoralism, nomadic pastoralists, coastal people, merchants and farmers. They are historically viewed as an affluent clan in the horn Africa that played a huge part for Somaliland's independence. The Habar Awal are politically and economically influential in present-day Somaliland as well as the Horn of Africa at large, and they reside in strategic coastal and fertile lands. Distribution The Habr Awal clan make up the majority in Maroodi Jeex region which is considered the most populous region in Somaliland and the second most populat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ganz Province
Ganz (Amharic: ገንዝ), also known as Ganazo or Ganzo was a province surrounding what is now the capital region and city of Addis Ababa in Ethiopia. Islamic state Originally an Islamic state ruled by a Garad and later a Hegano,Encyclopaedia Aethiopica: D-Ha pg. 686 Ganz was part of the unsuccessful Islamic alliance that opposed Amda Seyon I in the 1320s. The polity allied with the Sultanate of Adal again in Ahmedudin Badlay's war to retake Dawaro Sultanate, Dawaro from Abyssinian control, but Ganz was defeated and became an Abyssinian province. Imam Ahmed Gurey's forces recaptured Ganz during his jihad, but the territory returned to Abyssinian control soon after his death. End of Ganz Ganz was occupied in the Oromo migrations by the Tulama Oromo, though the territory was conquered in the 19th century by the Kingdom of Shewa, who made Addis Ababa their capital. Shewa went on to unify the country into Ethiopia. References {{coord missing, Ethiopia Former provinces of Et ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
