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Franz Maria Liedig
Franz Maria Liedig (2 February 1900 – 30 March 1967) was a ''Kriegsmarine'' officer and member of the military resistance against Adolf Hitler. Biography Liedig volunteered the German Imperial Navy in October 1916, was educated at the Naval Academy Mürwik and served as an Artillery Officer on a Torpedo boat. After a short time of internment at Scapa Flow in 1919, he started to study at the Technical University Munich. Liedig was a member of the Freikorps Marinebrigade Ehrhardt, deployed in Berlin and Upper Silesia in 1919/20, and a participant of the Kapp Putsch in March 1920. Liedig left the navy in September 1920 and was active in some rightwing organisations throughout the 1920s. Liedig studied law and worked as a lawyer. In 1936 he joined the ''Kriegsmarine'' at the instigation of Admiral Wilhelm Canaris, who knew Liedig from the Freikorps episode. Here he came in contact to members of the German military resistance such as Hans Oster and Hans von Dohnanyi. Around September ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hünfeld
Hünfeld () is a town in the district of Fulda, in Hesse, Germany. It is situated 16 km northeast of Fulda. In 2000, the town hosted the 40th Hessentag state festival. Hünfeld has a population of close to 16,000. Infrastructure Transport The federal road B27 crosses Hünfeld from north to south. Eastbound B84 begins here. The closest motorway is Autobahn A7 Flensburg - Füssen, and the nearest interchange is "Hünfeld / Schlitz AS 90", a 7 km distance to the town center. Hünfeld has a railway station on the Bebra–Fulda railway. The nearest Intercity-Express stop is Fulda railway station. The nearest international airport is Frankfurt International Airport, 140 km distance to city-center Governance Town twinning Hünfeld is twinned with: * Landerneau, Département Finistère, , since 14 July 1968 * Geisa, Thuringia, , since 1990 * Prószków, Opole Voivodeship, , since 4 October 1997 * Steinberg, Saxony, Notable people * Wilm Hosenfeld (18 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marinebrigade Ehrhardt
The Marinebrigade Ehrhardt, also known as the Ehrhardt Brigade, was a Freikorps unit of the early Weimar Republic. It was formed on 17 February 1919 as the Second Marine Brigade from members of the former Imperial German Navy under the leadership of Hermann Ehrhardt. The brigade was used primarily in the suppression of the Bavarian Soviet Republic and the First Silesian uprising, First Silesian Uprising, both in the first half of 1919. In March 1920, faced with its imminent disbanding by orders of the government in Berlin, the Marine Brigade was one of the main supporters of the Kapp Putsch that tried to overthrow the Weimar Republic. After the putsch failed and the brigade was disbanded in May, many of the former members formed the secret Organisation Consul under Ehrhardt's leadership. Before it was banned in 1922, it carried out numerous assassinations and murders in a continuation of the attempts to overthrow the Republic. Formation and structure On 27 January 191 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bert Sas
Gijsbertus Jacobus "Bert" Sas (1 August 1892–20 October 1948) was the Netherlands military attaché in Berlin at the time of the German invasion of the Netherlands in May 1940. Sas was born in Leeuwarden, Netherlands. He was named after his father, a soldier who by his pension had reached the rank of lieutenant colonel. His mother Geertrui Huiber was 20 years younger than her husband. Sas was the youngest of 3 children, and attended a secondary school in Leeuwarden. In 1910 he went to the ''Koninklijke Militaire Academie'' in Breda. During World War I, in 1917, he was promoted to first lieutenant and married Maria Johanna van der Minne. From 1923 until 1926 he followed the training for staff officier at the ''Hogere Krijgsschool''. After this he obtained another staff function in The Hague. In 1928 he was promoted to the rank of captain and became head of the most important bureau of the 2nd division where all of the important military questions were handled. However, during ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Netherlands
, Terminology of the Low Countries, informally Holland, is a country in Northwestern Europe, with Caribbean Netherlands, overseas territories in the Caribbean. It is the largest of the four constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The Netherlands consists of Provinces of the Netherlands, twelve provinces; it borders Germany to the east and Belgium to the south, with a North Sea coastline to the north and west. It shares Maritime boundary, maritime borders with the United Kingdom, Germany, and Belgium. The official language is Dutch language, Dutch, with West Frisian language, West Frisian as a secondary official language in the province of Friesland. Dutch, English_language, English, and Papiamento are official in the Caribbean Netherlands, Caribbean territories. The people who are from the Netherlands is often referred to as Dutch people, Dutch Ethnicity, Ethnicity group, not to be confused by the language. ''Netherlands'' literally means "lower countries" i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Munich Conference
The Munich Agreement was reached in Munich on 30 September 1938, by Nazi Germany, the United Kingdom, the French Third Republic, French Republic, and the Kingdom of Italy. The agreement provided for the Occupation of Czechoslovakia (1938–1945), German annexation of part of Czechoslovakia called the Sudetenland, where 3 million people, mainly Sudeten Germans, ethnic Germans, lived. The pact is known in some areas as the Munich Betrayal (; ), because of a previous 1924 alliance agreement and a 1925 military pact between France and the Czechoslovak Republic. Germany had started a Sudetendeutsches Freikorps#Undeclared German–Czechoslovak War, low-intensity undeclared war on Czechoslovakia on 17 September 1938. In reaction, Britain and France on 20 September formally requested Czechoslovakia cede the Sudetenland territory to Germany. This was followed by Polish and Hungarian territorial demands brought on 21 and 22 September, respectively. Meanwhile, German forces conquered part ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abwehr
The (German language, German for ''resistance'' or ''defence'', though the word usually means ''counterintelligence'' in a military context) ) was the German military intelligence , military-intelligence service for the ''Reichswehr'' and the ''Wehrmacht'' from 1920 to 1944. Although the 1919 Treaty of Versailles prohibited the Weimar Republic from establishing an intelligence organization of their own, they formed an espionage group in 1920 within the Ministry of the Reichswehr , Ministry of Defence, calling it the ''Abwehr''. The initial purpose of the ''Abwehr'' was defense against foreign espionage: an organizational role that later evolved considerably. Under General Kurt von Schleicher (prominent in running the ''Reichswehr'' from 1926 onwards) the individual military services' intelligence units were combined and, in 1929, centralized under Schleicher's ''Ministeramt'' within the Ministry of the Reichswehr , Ministry of Defence, forming the foundation for the more commonl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Friedrich Goerdeler
Carl Friedrich Goerdeler (; 31 July 1884 – 2 February 1945) was a German conservative politician, monarchist, executive, economist, civil servant and opponent of the Nazi regime. He opposed anti-Jewish policies while he held office and was opposed to the Holocaust. Had the 20 July plot to overthrow Hitler's dictatorship in 1944 succeeded, Goerdeler would have served as the Chancellor of the new government. After his arrest, he gave the names of numerous co-conspirators to the Gestapo, causing the arrests and executions of hundreds. Goerdeler was executed by hanging on 2 February 1945. Early life and career Goerdeler was born into a family of Prussian civil servants in Schneidemühl in the Prussian Province of Posen of the German Empire (now Piła in present-day Poland). Goerdeler's parents supported the Free Conservative Party, and after 1899 Goerdeler's father served in the Prussian Landtag as a member of that party. Goerdeler's biographer and friend Gerhard Ritter d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hans Bernd Gisevius
Gustav-Adolf Timotheus Hans Bernd Gisevius (14 July 1904 – 23 February 1974) was a German politician, ''Gestapo'' and ''Abwehr'' officer and diplomat during the Second World War. He was a member of the Military Resistance, who actively participated in the Oster Conspiracy and the 20 July Plot, being among the few survivors. A covert opponent of the Nazi regime, he also served as a liaison in Zürich between Allen Dulles, station chief for the American OSS, and the German Resistance forces in Germany. Gisevius was a witness for the defense, during the Nuremberg trials, testifying in favour of Schacht, who was acquitted, and against Göring, Kaltenbrunner and Keitel. Pre Second World War Gisevius was born in Arnsberg in the Prussian Province of Westphalia. After law school, he joined the Prussian Interior Ministry in 1933 and was assigned to the newly formed '' Geheime Staatspolizei'', or Gestapo. After joining the Gestapo, he immediately had disagreements with h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erwin Von Witzleben
Job Wilhelm Georg Erwin Erdmann von Witzleben (4 December 1881 – 8 August 1944) was a German ''Generalfeldmarschall'' (Field Marshal) in the ''Wehrmacht'' and ''Oberbefehlshaber West'' (Commander in Chief in the West), during the Second World War. A leading conspirator in the 20 July plot to assassinate Adolf Hitler, he was designated to become Commander-in-Chief of the ''Wehrmacht'' in a post-Nazi regime, had the plot succeeded. After being dishonourably discharged by the '' Ehrenhof'' (Court of Honor), he was murdered, after a show trial from the ''Volksgerichtshof'' (People's Court). Early years Erwin von Witzleben was born in Breslau (now Wrocław, Poland) in the Prussian province of Silesia, the son of Georg von Witzleben (1838–1898), a ''Hauptmann'' (captain) in the Prussian Army, and his wife, Therese née Brandenburg. The Witzleben family was an ''Uradel'' family of old nobility and many military officers, originating in Witzleben, Thuringia. Witzleben completed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hans Von Dohnanyi
Hans von Dohnanyi (; originally ''Johann von Dohnányi'' ; 1 January 1902 – 8 or 9 April 1945) was a Germans, German jurist. He used his position in the Abwehr to help Jews escape Germany, worked with German resistance to Nazism, German resistance against the Nazi Germany, Nazi régime, and after the failed 20 July plot, 20 July Plot, he was accused of being the "spiritual leader" of the conspiracy to assassinate Hitler, and executed by the SS in 1945. Early life Hans von Dohnanyi was born to the Hungary, Hungarian composer Ernő Dohnányi and his wife, pianist Elisabeth Kunwald. After his parents divorced, he grew up in Berlin. He went to the Grunewald (locality), Grunewald ''Gymnasium (school), Gymnasium'' there, becoming friends with Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Dietrich and Klaus Bonhoeffer. From 1920 to 1924, he studied law in Berlin. In 1925, he received a doctorate in law with a dissertation on "The Moldauhafen, International Lease Treaty and Czechoslovakia's Claim on the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hans Oster
''Generalmajor'' Hans Paul Oster (9 August 1887 – 9 April 1945) was a general in the ''Wehrmacht'' and a leading figure of the anti-Nazi German resistance from 1938 to 1943. As deputy head of the counter-espionage bureau in the ''Abwehr'' (German military intelligence), Oster was in a good position to conduct resistance operations under the guise of intelligence work. He was involved in the Oster conspiracy of September 1938 and was arrested in 1943 on suspicion of helping ''Abwehr'' officers that were caught helping Jews to escape Germany. After the failed 1944 July Plot on Hitler's life, during an interrogation, he named Admiral Wilhelm Canaris, the head of ''Abwehr'', as the "spiritual founder of the Resistance Movement". The Gestapo arrested Canaris and eventually found his diaries, in which Oster's anti-Nazi activities were revealed. In April 1945, he was hanged with Canaris and Dietrich Bonhoeffer at Flossenbürg concentration camp. Early career Oster was born in D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wilhelm Canaris
Wilhelm Franz Canaris (1 January 1887 – 9 April 1945) was a admiral (Germany), German admiral and the chief of the ''Abwehr'' (the German military intelligence, military-intelligence service) from 1935 to 1944. Initially a supporter of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party, Canaris turned against Hitler and committed acts of both passive and active resistance during World War II following the Invasion of Poland, German invasion of Poland in 1939. Being the head of Nazi Germany, Nazi Germany's military-intelligence agency, he was in a key position to participate in resistance and sabotage the Nazi war effort. As the war turned against Germany, Canaris and other military officers expanded their German resistance to Nazism, clandestine opposition to the leadership of Nazi Germany. By 1945, his acts of resistance and sabotage against the Nazi regime came to light and Canaris was hanged in Flossenbürg concentration camp for high treason as the Allied forces advanced through Southern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
