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Franklin Square (Philadelphia)
Franklin Square is one of the five original open-space parks planned by William Penn when he laid out the city of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1682. It is located in the Center City area, between North 6th and 7th streets, and between Race Street and the Vine Street Expressway (I-676). Penn included this piece of green space in his original city plan as one of five squares, although the park was slow to develop because it was a marshy land. Originally, the park was a place for settlers to meditate and set a virtuous behavior to set a proper example. The park was supposed to be landscaped to have settlers understand the value of nature. In the 1920s, the park was abandoned and the surrounding area became known locally as the tenderloin with an entertainment district featuring taverns and bordellos, and became a place for individuals experiencing homelessness to sleep on the park's benches, resulting in its reputation as Philadelphia's skid row. In 2003, Historic Philadelph ...
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Race Street (Philadelphia)
Race Street is a major east–west street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania that runs parallel to Cherry Street. It was one of William Penn's original gridded streets from the 1680s, although named Sassafras Street then. Race and Arch streets are listed by their original names, "Sassafras" and "Mulberry," on the map in ''Birch's Views of Philadelphia'', published in 1800. History The name "Race Street" was originally a nickname given to the street, since the street was used for horse racing in Philadelphia in the early 1800s. The name became official some time in the mid-1850s. Points of interest Center City From east in Center City near the Delaware River to west near the Schuylkill River: *Elfreth's Alley *National Constitution Center * Franklin Square * Philadelphia Police Department Headquarters * Chinatown, Philadelphia *Pennsylvania Convention Center *Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts * Race Street Friends Meetinghouse * Friends Select School * Cathedral Basilica of Saint ...
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German Reformed Church
The Reformed Church in the United States (RCUS) is a Protestant Christian denomination in the United States. The present RCUS is a conservative, Reformed denomination. It affirms the principles of the Reformation: '' Sola scriptura'' (Scripture alone), '' Solus Christus'' (Christ alone), ''Sola gratia'' (Grace alone), ''Sola fide'' (Faith alone), and ''Soli Deo gloria'' (Glory to God alone). The RCUS has membership concentrated in the Midwest and California. History Originally known as the German Reformed Church, the RCUS was organized in 1725 thanks largely to the efforts of John Philip Boehm, who immigrated in 1720. He organized the first congregation of German Reformed believers in 1725 near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, some of them descendants and German immigrants from the turn of the century. Some had immigrated from the Palatine area. He was later joined by other ministers such as George Weiss and Michael Schlatter. Boehm was eventually ordained by the Classis of Am ...
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Isamu Noguchi
was an American artist, furniture designer and Landscape architecture, landscape architect whose career spanned six decades from the 1920s. Known for his sculpture and public artworks, Noguchi also designed stage sets for various Martha Graham productions, and several mass-produced lamps and furniture pieces, some of which are still manufactured and sold. In 1947, Noguchi began a collaboration with the Herman Miller (manufacturer), Herman Miller company, when he joined with George Nelson (designer), George Nelson, Paul László and Charles and Ray Eames, Charles Eames to produce a catalog containing what is often considered to be the most influential body of modern furniture ever produced, including the iconic Noguchi table which remains in production today. His work is displayed at the Noguchi Museum, Isamu Noguchi Foundation and Garden Museum in New York City. Early life (1904–1922) Isamu Noguchi was born in Los Angeles, the son of Yone Noguchi, a Japanese poet who was a ...
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Bolt Of Lightning By Isamu Noguchi
Bolt or bolts may refer to: Implements and technology ''Etymology: "to strike", see for example Thunderbolt'' * Bolt (fastener), a threaded shaft, used to clamp two components together * Bolt (climbing), an anchor point used in rock climbing * Bolt (firearms), a mechanism used in firearms * Crossbow bolt, ammunition used in a crossbow * Spy bolt, a clandestine storage device Arts, entertainment, and media * ''Bolt'' (1994 film), a drama starring Richard Grieco * ''Bolt'' (2008 film), a Disney animated film ** Bolt (Disney character), the main character of the film ** ''Bolt'' (video game), based on the film * Bolt (DC Comics), a fictional supervillains and superheroes from DC Comics * ''Bolt'' (1986), a book by Dick Francis * B.O.L.T, a Japanese girl group * ''The Bolt'' (Fragonard), a painting by Jean-Honoré Fragonard * ''The Bolt'' (Shostakovich), a three-act ballet by Dmitri Shostakovich * The Bolts, an American independent rock band Businesses and organizations * ...
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Franklin Square (PATCO Station)
Franklin Square station is an underground rapid transit station on the PATCO Speedline, operated by the Delaware River Port Authority (DRPA). It is located beneath Franklin Square, at 7th and Race streets in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. First opened on June 7, 1936, Franklin Square station has had several periods of closure and reopening due to low ridership. The station's most recent reopening occurred on April 3, 2025, marking the first time since 1979 that PATCO trains have stopped at the station. The station is the easternmost stop on the PATCO Speedline in Pennsylvania, situated just west of the Benjamin Franklin Bridge, which connects Philadelphia to Camden, New Jersey. Its location serves as a key access point for travelers from South Jersey to nearby neighborhoods, businesses, and Old City attractions. This is one of the few PATCO stations that does not have 24-hour service; the station is closed daily between 12:15 am and 4:15 am. History Bridge L ...
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PATCO Speedline
The PATCO Speedline, signed as the Lindenwold Line in Philadelphia and commonly referred to as the PATCO High Speed Line, is a rapid transit route operated by the Port Authority Transit Corporation (PATCO), connecting Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, with Lindenwold in Camden County, New Jersey. The line runs underground in Philadelphia, crosses the Delaware River on the Benjamin Franklin Bridge, continues underground through Downtown Camden, and then operates predominantly at grade or on elevated track between Camden and Lindenwold. Both PATCO and the Speedline are owned and operated by the Delaware River Port Authority. Service began on January 4, 1969, between Lindenwold and Camden, with full service to Philadelphia commencing on February 15, 1969. The Speedline integrates the historic Bridge Line, originally opened in 1936 between Philadelphia and Broadway Station in Camden, with newly constructed infrastructure along a former commuter rail corridor between Camden and Lindenwo ...
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Delaware River Port Authority
The Delaware River Port Authority (DRPA), officially the Delaware River Port Authority of Pennsylvania and New Jersey, is a bi-state agency instrumentality created by a congressionally approved interstate compact between the state governments of Pennsylvania and New Jersey. The authority is principally charged to maintain and develop transportation links between the two states with four bridges and a mass transit rail line across the Delaware River. Though the DRPA has "port" in its name, it does not own or operate any ports. History In 1919, the Pennsylvania and New Jersey legislatures approved the creation of the Delaware River Joint Commission to oversee the construction of a road bridge over the Delaware River between Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and Camden, New Jersey. The Benjamin Franklin Bridge, Delaware River Bridge (now the Benjamin Franklin Bridge) opened on July 1, 1926. On June 7, 1936, the Bridge Line (Delaware River), Bridge Line rapid transit line ...
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Franklin Square (Philadelphia)
Franklin Square is one of the five original open-space parks planned by William Penn when he laid out the city of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1682. It is located in the Center City area, between North 6th and 7th streets, and between Race Street and the Vine Street Expressway (I-676). Penn included this piece of green space in his original city plan as one of five squares, although the park was slow to develop because it was a marshy land. Originally, the park was a place for settlers to meditate and set a virtuous behavior to set a proper example. The park was supposed to be landscaped to have settlers understand the value of nature. In the 1920s, the park was abandoned and the surrounding area became known locally as the tenderloin with an entertainment district featuring taverns and bordellos, and became a place for individuals experiencing homelessness to sleep on the park's benches, resulting in its reputation as Philadelphia's skid row. In 2003, Historic Philadelph ...
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Betsy Ross House
The Betsy Ross House is a landmark in Philadelphia. It is purported to be the site where the upholsterer and flag-maker Betsy Ross (1752–1836) lived when she is said to have sewed the first American flag. History The origins of the Betsy Ross myth trace back to her relatives, particularly her grandsons, William and George Canby, and the celebrations of the Centennial of 1876. Evidence for the precise location of Ross's home came from verification provided by several surviving family members, although the best archival evidence indicates the house would have been adjacent to the one that still stands today as The Betsy Ross House. The 1937 Philadelphia Guide noted that, after the current Betsy Ross House was selected as the Flag House, the adjacent building where Ross may have indeed lived "was torn down to lessen the hazards of fire, perhaps adding a touch of irony to what may well have been an error in research." Although the house is one of the most visited tourist site ...
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Homelessness
Homelessness, also known as houselessness or being unhoused or unsheltered, is the condition of lacking stable, safe, and functional housing. It includes living on the streets, moving between temporary accommodation with family or friends, living in boarding houses with no security of tenure, and people who leave their homes because of civil conflict and are refugees within their country. The legal status of homeless people varies from place to place. Homeless enumeration studies conducted by the government of the United States also include people who sleep in a public or private place that is not designed for use as a regular sleeping accommodation for human beings. Homelessness and poverty are interrelated. There is no standardized method for counting homeless individuals and identifying their needs; consequently, most cities only have estimated figures for their homeless populations. In 2025, approximately 330 million people worldwide experience absolute homelessness, lac ...
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The Death And Life Of Great American Cities
''The Death and Life of Great American Cities'' is a 1961 book by writer and activist Jane Jacobs. The book is a critique of 1950s urban planning policy, which it holds responsible for the urban decay, decline of many city neighborhoods in the United States. The book is Jacobs' best-known and most influential work. Jacobs was a critic of "Rationalism (architecture), rationalist" planners of the 1950s and 1960s, especially Robert Moses, as well as the earlier work of Le Corbusier. She argued that urban planning should prioritize the needs and experiences of residents, and modernist urban planning overlooked and oversimplified the complexity of human lives in diverse communities. She opposed large-scale urban renewal programs that affected entire neighborhoods and built freeways through inner cities. She instead advocated for dense mixed-use development and walkable streets, with the Natural surveillance, "eyes on the street" of passers-by helping to maintain Public-order crime, pu ...
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Jane Jacobs
Jane Isabel Jacobs (''née'' Butzner; 4 May 1916 – 25 April 2006) was an American-Canadian journalist, author, theorist, and activist who influenced urban studies, sociology, and economics. Her book ''The Death and Life of Great American Cities'' (1961) argued that "urban renewal" and "Slum clearance in the United States, slum clearance" did not respect the needs of city-dwellers. Jacobs organized grassroots efforts to protect neighborhoods from urban renewal and slum clearance, in particular plans by Robert Moses to overhaul her own Greenwich Village neighborhood. She was instrumental in the eventual cancellation of the Lower Manhattan Expressway, which would have passed directly through the area of Manhattan that would later become known as SoHo, Manhattan, SoHo, as well as part of Little Italy, Manhattan, Little Italy and Chinatown, Manhattan, Chinatown. She was arrested in 1968 for inciting a crowd at a public hearing on that project. After moving to Toronto in 1968, she ...
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