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Folkspartei
The Folkspartei ( yi, ייִדישע פֿאָלקספּאַרטײַ, , Jewish People's Party) was founded after the 1905 pogroms in the Russian Empire by Simon Dubnow and Israel Efrojkin. The party took part in several elections in Poland and Lithuania in the 1920s and 1930s and did not survive the Holocaust. Ideology According to the historian Simon Dubnow (1860-1941), Jews are a nation on the spiritual and intellectual level and should strive towards their national and cultural autonomy in the Jewish diaspora ( Yiddish ''gales'') in some way a secularized and modernized version of the Council of Four Lands under the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. He said, "How then should Jewish autonomy assert itself? It must, of course, be in full agreement with the character of the Jewish national idea. Jewry, as a spiritual or cultural nation, cannot in the Diaspora seek territorial or political separatism, but only a social or a national-cultural autonomy." Close to the General Je ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simon Dubnow
Simon Dubnow (alternatively spelled Dubnov, rus, Семён Ма́ркович Ду́бнов, Semyon Markovich Dubnov, sʲɪˈmʲɵn ˈmarkəvʲɪtɕ ˈdubnəf; yi, שמעון דובנאָװ, ''Shimen Dubnov''; 10 September 1860 – 8 December 1941) was a Jewish- Russian historian, writer and activist. Life and career In 1860, Simon Dubnow was born Shimon Meyerovich Dubnow (Шимон Меерович Дубнов) to a large poor family in the Belarusian town of Mstsislaw (Mahilyow Voblast). A native Yiddish speaker, he received a traditional Jewish education in a '' heder'' and a ''yeshiva'', where Hebrew was regularly spoken. Later Dubnow entered into a ''kazyonnoye yevreyskoe uchilishche'' (state Jewish school) where he learned Russian. In the midst of his education, the May Laws eliminated these Jewish institutions, and Dubnow was unable to graduate; Dubnow persevered, independently pursuing his interests in history, philosophy, and linguistics. He was particu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zeev Latsky
Ya'akov Ze'ev Latsky ("Bertoldi") (1881–1940) was a Jewish Ukrainian political and Yiddishist activist and briefly a Minister in the Ukrainian People's Republic in 1918. First a member of Herut around 1901, he joined in December 1904 the new Zionist Socialist Workers Party to whose Central Committee he was elected in Odessa. He was closely associated with the theorist of Labour Zionism and leading advocate of Territorialist Zionism, Nachman Syrkin. After the 1917 Revolution, he joined the Folkspartei. In April 1918, he was appointed Minister for Jewish Affairs in the Ukrainian People's Republic, replacing Fareynikte Moishe Zilberfarb. He was succeeded briefly by Solomon Goldelman, then in January 1919 by Abraham Revutzky of Poale Zion. In October 1918 he was amongst the founders of an important Yiddish publishing house ''Folks-Farlag'', initiated by intellectuals affiliated to the Folkspartei, like himself. In 1920, he emigrated to Germany, where he continued searching fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Noach Pryłucki
Noach (Nojach) Pryłucki or Noach Prilutski (1 October 1882 in Berdichev – 12 August 1941 in Vilnius) was a Jewish Polish politician from the Folkspartei. He was also a Yiddish linguist, philologist, lawyer and scholar of considerable renown. Pryłucki was a respected attorney and was said to have had "leadership over the scattered (non-Zionist) national clubs, societies, and groups". In 1910–1936, Pryłucki was the editor of the Folkist newspaper ''Warszawer Togblat'' (The Warsaw Daily), later renamed as ''Der Moment''. In 1916 he was the founder and then became the leader of the Jewish People's Party in Poland (Folkspartei), and was elected the same year at the municipal elections (under German occupation), where the Folkspartei gained 4 seats in Warsaw. In 1918 he became a member of the Provisional Council of State of the Kingdom of Poland. Elected as a member of the Legislative Sejm in 1919, he had to resign his seat because he was not a Polish citizen. After obtaining ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jewish Autonomism
Jewish Autonomism, not connected to the contemporary political movement autonomism, was a non-Zionist political movement and ideology that emerged in Eastern Europe in the late 19th and early 20th century. One of its first and major proponents was the historian and activist Simon Dubnow. Jewish Autonomism is often referred to as "Dubnovism" or " folkism". The Autonomists believed that the future survival of the Jews as a nation depends on their spiritual and cultural strength, in developing "spiritual nationhood" and in viability of Jewish diaspora as long as Jewish communities maintain self-rule and rejected assimilation. Autonomists often stressed the vitality of modern Yiddish culture. Various concepts of the Autonomism were adopted in the platforms of the Folkspartei, the Sejmists and socialist Jewish parties such as the Bund. The movement's beliefs were similar to those of the Austro-Marxists who advocated national personal autonomy within the multinational Austro-Hungar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Jewish Socialist Workers Party
United Jewish Socialist Workers Party ( yi, פֿאַראײניקטע ייִדישע סאָציאַליסטישע אַרבעטער־פּאַרטיי, ''fareynikte yidishe sotsialistishe arbeter-partey'') was a political party that emerged in Russia in the wake of the 1917 February Revolution. Members of the party along with the Poalei Zion participated in the government of Ukraine and condemned the October Revolution. Its followers were generally known simply for the first portion of the name ''Fareynikte'' (פֿאַראײניקטע) - 'United'. Politically the party favored national personal autonomy for the Jewish community.Ėstraĭkh, G. ''In Harness: Yiddish Writers' Romance with Communism. Judaic traditions in literature, music, and art.'' Syracuse, New York: Syracuse University Press, 2005. p. 30 The party upheld the ideas of building a secular Jewish community. Fareynikte was founded in June 1917 through the merger of two groups, the Zionist Socialist Workers Party (SSRP) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Personal Autonomy
The Austromarxist principle of national personal autonomy ("personal principle"), developed by Otto Bauer in his 1907 book ''Die Nationalitätenfrage und die Sozialdemokratie'' (The Nationalities Question and Social Democracy) was seen by him a way of gathering the geographically divided members of the same nation to "organize nations not in territorial bodies but in simple association of persons", thus radically disjoining the nation from the territory and making of the nation a non-territorial association. The other ideological founders of the concept were another Austromarxist, Karl Renner, in his 1899 essay ''Staat und Nation'' (State and Nation), and the Jewish Labour Bundist Vladimir Medem, in his 1904 essay ''Di sotsial-demokratie un di natsionale frage'' (Social Democracy and the National Question). Medem In his 1904 text, Medem exposed his version of the concept: "Let us consider the case of a country composed of several national groups, e.g. Poles, Lithuanians and Jew ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press is the university press of the University of Cambridge. Granted letters patent by Henry VIII of England, King Henry VIII in 1534, it is the oldest university press in the world. It is also the King's Printer. Cambridge University Press is a department of the University of Cambridge and is both an academic and educational publisher. It became part of Cambridge University Press & Assessment, following a merger with Cambridge Assessment in 2021. With a global sales presence, publishing hubs, and offices in more than 40 Country, countries, it publishes over 50,000 titles by authors from over 100 countries. Its publishing includes more than 380 academic journals, monographs, reference works, school and university textbooks, and English language teaching and learning publications. It also publishes Bibles, runs a bookshop in Cambridge, sells through Amazon, and has a conference venues business in Cambridge at the Pitt Building and the Sir Geoffrey Cass Spo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Class Struggle
Class conflict, also referred to as class struggle and class warfare, is the political tension and economic antagonism that exists in society because of socio-economic competition among the social classes or between rich and poor. The forms of class conflict include direct violence such as wars for resources and cheap labor, assassinations or revolution; indirect violence such as deaths from poverty and starvation, illness and unsafe working conditions; and economic coercion such as the threat of unemployment or the withdrawal of investment capital ( capital flight); or ideologically, by way of political literature. Additionally, political forms of class warfare include legal and illegal lobbying, and bribery of legislators. The social-class conflict can be direct, as in a dispute between labour and management such as an employer's industrial lockout of their employees in effort to weaken the bargaining power of the corresponding trade union; or indirect such as a workers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abraham Revusky
Abraham Revusky (1889 – February 8, 1946) was a Russian Empire-born, US-based politician, author and editor. He was a contributing editor to the ''Jewish Morning Journal'', and the author of several books. Life Revusky was born in 1889 in Smila, in the Cherkassky Uyezd of the Kiev Governorate of the Russian Empire (present-day Ukraine). He grew up in Russia and Austria. Revusky joined the Poale Zion party in Ukraine in the early 1910s. He moved to Odessa, where he was "an administrative member of the Jewish community" during the Russian Revolution of 1917, and the Ukrainian minister of Jewish Affairs for the Directorate of Ukraine in 1918. He lived in Palestine, later known as Israel, from 1920 to 1921, and he was a co-founder of the Histadrut. He was expelled from Mandatory Palestine by the British government in 1921, and he lived in Berlin until 1924, when he emigrated to the United States. Revusky authored books in Yiddish and English, including a memoir of his time in Ukra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moishe Zilberfarb
Moishe Zylberfarb ( uk, Мо́йше Зи́льберфарб, yi, משה זילבערפֿאַרב) was a Ukrainian politician, diplomat, and public activist of Jewish descent. He was one of the authors of the Law of Ukraine about national-individual autonomy (1918) which later was canceled by the Communist regime. Brief biography Zylberfarb was born in Rovno in 1876. In 1906 he became a founder of the group ''Vozrozhdenie'' and the Jewish Socialist Workers Party (SERP). From the very beginning he was a member of the Central Council of Ukraine (March 1917) as member of the United Jewish Socialist Workers Party. Zylberfarb was a member of Little Council. On 27 July 1917 he became a Jewish representative at the General Secretariat of Ukraine (regional government of the Russian Republic). During the October Revolution Zylberfarb became a member of the Regional Committee in Protection of Revolution in Ukraine. After the independence of Ukraine, Zylberfarb became a Minister of Jewi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
