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Focal Plane Shutter
In camera design, a focal-plane shutter (FPS) is a type of photographic shutter (photography), shutter that is positioned immediately in front of the focal plane of the camera, that is, right in front of the photographic film or image sensor. Two-curtain shutters The traditional type of focal-plane Shutter (photography), shutter in 35 mm cameras, pioneered by Leitz for use in its Leica cameras, uses two shutter curtains, made of opaque rubberised fabric, that run horizontally across the film plane. For slower shutter speeds, the first curtain opens (usually) from right to left, and after the required time with the shutter open, the second curtain closes the aperture in the same direction. When the shutter is cocked again the shutter curtains are moved back to their starting positions, ready to be released. Focal-plane shutter at low speed ''Figure 1:'' The black rectangle represents the frame aperture through which the exposure is made. It is currently covered by the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Focal-plane Shutter
In camera design, a focal-plane shutter (FPS) is a type of photographic shutter that is positioned immediately in front of the focal plane of the camera, that is, right in front of the photographic film or image sensor. Two-curtain shutters The traditional type of focal-plane shutter in 35 mm cameras, pioneered by Leitz for use in its Leica cameras, uses two shutter curtains, made of opaque rubberised fabric, that run horizontally across the film plane. For slower shutter speeds, the first curtain opens (usually) from right to left, and after the required time with the shutter open, the second curtain closes the aperture in the same direction. When the shutter is cocked again the shutter curtains are moved back to their starting positions, ready to be released. Focal-plane shutter at low speed ''Figure 1:'' The black rectangle represents the frame aperture through which the exposure is made. It is currently covered by the first shutter curtain, shown in red. The se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
X-sync
In photography, flash synchronization or flash sync is the synchronizing the firing of a Flash (photography), photographic flash with the opening of the Shutter (photography), shutter admitting light to photographic film or electronic image sensor. In cameras with mechanical (clockwork) shutters synchronization is supported by an electrical contact within the shutter mechanism, which closes the circuit at the appropriate moment in the shutter opening process. In electronic digital cameras, the mechanism is usually a programmable electronic timing circuit, which may, in some cameras, take input from a mechanical shutter contact. The flash is connected electrically to the camera either by a cable with a standardized coaxial Prontor-Compur, PC (for Prontor/Compur) connector (as defined in ISO 519), or via contacts in an ''accessory mount'' (hot shoe) bracket. Faster shutter speeds are often better when there is significant ambient illumination, and flash is used to flash fill ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Field Of View
The field of view (FOV) is the angle, angular extent of the observable world that is visual perception, seen at any given moment. In the case of optical instruments or sensors, it is a solid angle through which a detector is sensitive to electromagnetic radiation. It is further relevant in ''angle of view, photography''. Humans and animals In the context of human and primate vision, the term "field of view" is typically only used in the sense of a restriction to what is visible by external apparatus, like when wearing spectacles or virtual reality goggles. Note that eye movements are allowed in the definition but do not change the field of view when understood this way. If the analogy of the eye's retina working as a sensor is drawn upon, the corresponding concept in human (and much of animal vision) is the visual field. It is defined as "the number of degrees of visual angle during stable fixation of the eyes".Strasburger, Hans; Pöppel, Ernst (2002). Visual Field. In G. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wide-angle Lens
In photography and cinematography, a wide-angle lens is a Photographic lens, lens covering a large angle of view. Conversely, its focal length is substantially smaller than that of a normal lens for a given film plane. This type of lens allows more of the Scene (perception), scene to be included in the photograph, which is useful in architectural, interior, and landscape photography where the photographer may not be able to move farther from the scene to photograph it. Another use is where the photographer wishes to emphasize the difference in size or distance between objects in the foreground and the background; nearby objects appear very large and objects at a moderate distance appear small and far away. This exaggeration of relative size can be used to make foreground objects more prominent and striking, while capturing expansive backgrounds. A wide-angle lens is also one that projects a substantially larger image circle than would be typical for a standard design lens of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Focal Length
The focal length of an Optics, optical system is a measure of how strongly the system converges or diverges light; it is the Multiplicative inverse, inverse of the system's optical power. A positive focal length indicates that a system Convergence (optics), converges light, while a negative focal length indicates that the system Divergence (optics), diverges light. A system with a shorter focal length bends the Ray (optics), rays more sharply, bringing them to a focus in a shorter distance or diverging them more quickly. For the special case of a thin lens in air, a positive focal length is the distance over which initially Collimated beam, collimated (parallel) rays are brought to a Focus (optics), focus, or alternatively a negative focal length indicates how far in front of the lens a point source must be located to form a collimated beam. For more general optical systems, the focal length has no intuitive meaning; it is simply the inverse of the system's optical power. In mos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Horizont (camera)
The Horizon () is a mechanical Panoramic photography#Short rotation, swing-lens Panoramic photography, panoramic camera. It is manufactured by Krasnogorskiy Zavod, Krasnogorsky Mechanicheskiy Zavod (KMZ) in Krasnogorsk, Moscow Oblast, Krasnogorsk, Russia, better-known for their range of Zenit (camera), Zenit cameras. The main characteristic of this camera is its rotating lens that takes in a 120° panorama as the shutter button is pressed. The current (2015) models are designated ''Horizon Perfekt'' and ''Horizon Kompakt''. History The history of this camera dates back to the Soviet Union in the year 1948 when KMZ manufactured a very limited series of prototypes called ''FT-1'', a small, boxy panoramic camera for 35mm format, 35 mm film. The first public edition was presented years later on the Expo 58, Brussels World Fair in 1958 under the name ''FT-2''. Off the chronological order, an additional number of cameras labeled ''FT-3'' with prototype characteristics had already been p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Widelux
The Widelux is a fully mechanical swing-lens panoramic camera first developed in Japan in 1958, by Panon Camera Shoko. There are both 35mm and medium-format models. Instead of a shutter, the camera has a slit that exposes the film as the lens pivots on a horizontal arc. This pivot allows for some distortion effects not available with traditional cameras. The last Widelux model F8 ended production in 2000. Models Widelux F series 35mm * Widelux FI (1959) with Vistar f/2.8 26mm * Widelux FV (1959) with Panon f/2.8 26mm * Widelux FVI (~1964) * Widelux F6 (~1970) * Widelux F6B (~1970s) * Widelux F7 (1979–1988) * Widelux F8 (1988–2000) Medium format model 1500 The medium format Widelux model 1500 make 50x122 mm frames on 120 film, and cover a 150-degree horizontal angle across the long side. It was described as newly introduced in 1988 and cost "about US$4,500" at the time. Differences The core difference between the F models is improvements in the gearing. The onl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panoramic Camera
Panoramic photography is a technique of photography, using specialized equipment or software, that captures images with horizontally elongated field of view, fields of view. It is sometimes known as ''wide format photography''. The term has also been applied to a photograph that is cropped to a relatively wide aspect ratio (image), aspect ratio, like the familiar Letterboxing (filming), letterbox format in Widescreen, wide-screen video. While there is no formal division between "wide-angle lens, wide-angle" and "panoramic" photography, "wide-angle" normally refers to a type of lens, but using this lens type does not necessarily make an image a panorama. An image made with an ultra wide-angle fisheye lens covering the normal film frame of 1:1.33 is not automatically considered to be a panorama. An image showing a field of view approximating, or greater than, that of the human eye – about 160° by 75° – may be termed panoramic. This generally means it has an aspect ratio of 2: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Widelux F7 Panoramic Camera-front
The Widelux is a fully mechanical swing-lens panoramic camera first developed in Japan in 1958, by Panon Camera Shoko. There are both 35mm and medium-format models. Instead of a shutter, the camera has a slit that exposes the film as the lens pivots on a horizontal arc. This pivot allows for some distortion effects not available with traditional cameras. The last Widelux model F8 ended production in 2000. Models Widelux F series 35mm * Widelux FI (1959) with Vistar f/2.8 26mm * Widelux FV (1959) with Panon f/2.8 26mm * Widelux FVI (~1964) * Widelux F6 (~1970) * Widelux F6B (~1970s) * Widelux F7 (1979–1988) * Widelux F8 (1988–2000) Medium format model 1500 The medium format Widelux model 1500 make 50x122 mm frames on 120 film, and cover a 150-degree horizontal angle across the long side. It was described as newly introduced in 1988 and cost "about US$4,500" at the time. Differences The core difference between the F models is improvements in the gearing. The only ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Widelux F7 Panoramic Camera-back
The Widelux is a fully mechanical swing-lens panoramic camera first developed in Japan in 1958, by Panon Camera Shoko. There are both 35mm and medium-format models. Instead of a shutter, the camera has a slit that exposes the film as the lens pivots on a horizontal arc. This pivot allows for some distortion effects not available with traditional cameras. The last Widelux model F8 ended production in 2000. Models Widelux F series 35mm * Widelux FI (1959) with Vistar f/2.8 26mm * Widelux FV (1959) with Panon f/2.8 26mm * Widelux FVI (~1964) * Widelux F6 (~1970) * Widelux F6B (~1970s) * Widelux F7 (1979–1988) * Widelux F8 (1988–2000) Medium format model 1500 The medium format Widelux model 1500 make 50x122 mm frames on 120 film, and cover a 150-degree horizontal angle across the long side. It was described as newly introduced in 1988 and cost "about US$4,500" at the time. Differences The core difference between the F models is improvements in the gearing. The only ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Univex Mercury
The 1938 Univex Mercury was an unusual half frame 35 mm camera from The Universal Camera Corporation. It was the first camera with any kind of hot shoe connector, and had a distinctive profile due to a large dome protruding from the top of the main body to accommodate its 1/1000 sec rotary disc shutter A rotary disc shutter is a type of shutter. It is notably used in motion picture cameras. Rotary shutters are semicircular discs that spin in front of the film gate, alternately allowing light from the lens to strike the film, or blocking it. De .... It used Universal #200 film, which was only made prior to WWII. References Cameras {{camera-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Olympus Pen F
The Olympus Pen F, Pen FT and Pen FV are very similar half-frame 35 mm single-lens reflex (SLR) cameras with interchangeable lenses produced by Olympus of Japan between 1963-1966 (Pen F), 1966-1972 (Pen FT) and 1967-1970 (Pen FV). The original Pen F has a double-stroke film advance and a distinctive logo rendered in a gothic font. The later Pen FT added a single-stroke film advance, and an uncoupled, integrated light meter, which uses a system of exposure numbers rather than f-stops. The exposure numbers were added to the aperture rings of later Pen F lenses; the rings could be pulled out and rotated to show conventional f-stops instead. A side-effect of the FT's light meter was a dimmer viewfinder. The Pen FV was essentially a Pen FT with the light meter deleted and the F's brighter viewfinder reinstated. ''Half frame'' means that the camera uses an 18×24 mm vertical (portrait A portrait is a painting, photograph, sculpture, or other artistic representation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
