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European Credit Transfer System
The European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS) is a standard means for comparing academic credits, i.e., the "volume of learning based on the defined learning outcomes and their associated workload" for higher education across the European Union The European Union (EU) is a supranational union, supranational political union, political and economic union of Member state of the European Union, member states that are Geography of the European Union, located primarily in Europe. The u ... and other collaborating European countries. For successfully completed studies, ECTS credits are awarded. One academic year corresponds to 60 ECTS credits that are normally equivalent to 1500–1800 hours of total workload, irrespective of standard or qualification type. ECTS credits are used to facilitate transfer and progression throughout the Union. ECTS also includes a standard grading scale, intended to be shown in addition to local (i.e. national) standard grades. Curr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Academic Credit
A course credit is a measure of the size of an educational course (education), course, often used to determine whether the requirements for an award have been met, to facilitate transfer between institutions, or to enhance intercomparability of qualifications. Credit may be input-based, defined by the quantity and notional time of instruction given – or Outcome-based education, outcome-based, such as Educational aims and objectives#Learning outcomes, learning outcomes or summative assessments. In tertiary education Australia In Tertiary education in Australia, Australian universities, no common credit point system exists, although 48 credit points per full-time year, or 24 per semester, or some multiple thereof, is not uncommon. This permits a semester of study to be broken into more flexible combinations of units than the typical four, due in part to 24 (number), 24 being a highly composite number. Credit points tend to reflect all forms of study and assessment by a student in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Légifrance
Légifrance () is the official website of the French government for the publication of legislation, regulations, and legal information. It was established by decree in 2002. Access to the site is free. Virtually complete, it presents or refers to all concerned institutions or administrations, all texts still in force since 1539 and all the upper courts jurisprudence since 1986 as well as the most pertinent one of all courts since 1875. C.E. 19 February 1875, Prince Napoléon, 46707. See also *References ''All tex ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Education In Poland
Education in Poland is Compulsory education, compulsory; every child must receive education from when they are 6 years old until they are 18 years old. It is also mandatory for 6-year-old children to receive one year of kindergarten (, literally ''pre-school'') education, before starting primary school () at 6 years old. Primary school lasts eight years (grades 1–8), and students must take a final exam at the end of the eighth grade. After graduating from primary school, people typically go on to attend secondary school (), which lasts 4 or 5 years. They can also choose to educate themselves towards a specific profession or Tradesman, trade, and receive work experience and qualifications through apprenticeships. After graduating from secondary school and passing the final exam, called the ''matura'', one can pursue a higher education at a university, college, etc. The Commission of National Education established by King Stanisław August Poniatowski in 1773 in Polish-Lithuania ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Education In The Netherlands
Education in the Netherlands is characterized by division: education is oriented toward the needs and background of the pupil. Education is divided over schools for different age groups, some of which are divided in streams for different educational levels. Schools are furthermore divided in public, special (religious), and general-special (neutral) schools, although there are also a few private schools. The Dutch grading scale runs from 1 (very poor) to 10 (outstanding). The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), coordinated by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), ranks the education in the Netherlands as the 16th best in the world as of 2018. The Netherlands' educational standing compared to other nations has been declining since 2006, and is now only slightly above average. School inspectors are warning that reading standards among primary school children are lower than 20 years ago, and the Netherlands has now dropped down the in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Education In Malta
Education in Malta is compulsory through age sixteen and is offered through three different providers: the state, the church, and the private sector. The state is responsible for promoting education and instruction and ensuring universal access to education for all Maltese citizens the existence of a system of schools and institutions accessible to all Maltese citizens. The objectives of education in Malta include intellectual and moral development and the preparation of every citizen to contribute productively to the national economy. Although Maltese citizens had access to education during the Arab administration of 870 to 1090, the arrival of a number of religious orders in the following four centuries brought religious-based education to the island for wealthy families. The arrival of the Knights Hospitaller saw the establishment of the University of Malta, around which a number of primary, secondary and post-secondary institutions were established. Education in Malta has ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Luxembourg
The University of Luxembourg (French language, French: ''Université du Luxembourg''; German language, German: ''Universität Luxemburg''; Luxembourgish language, Luxembourgish: ''Universitéit Lëtzebuerg'') is a Public university, public research university in Luxembourg. History The University of Luxembourg was founded in 2003 by combining four existing education and research institutes: the Centre universitaire, Institut supérieur d'études et de recherches pédagogiques, Institut supérieur de technologie, and Institut d'études éducatives et sociales. The university is the only public university in Luxembourg. Description The university has three campuses: the Belval, Luxembourg, Belval Campus, the Kirchberg, Luxembourg, Kirchberg Campus, and the Limpertsberg Campus. The university is governed by a board of governors, a rector, and a university council. The current Rector (academia), rector of the University of Luxembourg is Jens Kreisel. Academics The universit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Education In Lithuania
The first documented school in Lithuania was established in 1387 at Vilnius Cathedral. The school network was influenced by the Christianization of Lithuania. Several types of schools were present in medieval Lithuania – cathedral schools, where pupils were prepared for priesthood; parish schools, offering elementary education; and home schools dedicated to educating the children of the Lithuanian nobility. Before Vilnius University was established in 1579, Lithuanians seeking higher education attended universities in foreign cities, including Kraków, Prague, and Leipzig, among others. During the Interbellum a national university – Vytautas Magnus University was founded in Kaunas. Education is free of charge and compulsory from the age of 6 or 7 to 16 years (covering "primary" and "basic" education), as stated in the national Law on Education. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Education In Latvia
Education in Latvia is free and compulsory. Compulsory education includes two years of preschool education (usually starting at five years old) and a further nine years of primary education (usually until 15/16 years of age). In 1996, the gross primary enrollment rate was 95.8 percent, while the net primary enrollment rate was 89.5 percent."Latvia" . ''Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor (2001)''. , (2002). ''This article incorporates text from this ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Training Credit
University training credit (, or CFU) is a method used in Italian universities to measure the workload required of the student to obtain a degree. It's a course credit system of Italy. They constitute a simplification regarding the recognition of exams taken in other Italian or European universities (for example within the Erasmus programme) and are transferable through the European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System ( ECTS). History With the Berlinguer reform, issued in the wake of the innovations introduced first by the Bassanini reform and then by the Bologna process, they were introduced pursuant to the MUR decree Decree 3 November 1999, n. 509 University Education Credits (CFU) to facilitate movement within the system, which can also be acquired through work or professional activities. The acquisition methods were then modified by some ministerial decrees issued on 16 March 2007 during the Prodi II government. Law 30 December 2010, n. 240, as part of the Gelmini ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Education In Italy
Education in Italy is compulsory from 6 to 16 years of age, and is divided into five stages: kindergarten (''scuola dell'infanzia''), primary school (''scuola primaria'' or ''scuola elementare''), lower secondary school (''scuola secondaria di primo grado'' or ''scuola media inferiore''), upper secondary school (''scuola secondaria di secondo grado'' or ''scuola media superiore''), and university (''università''). Education is free in Italy and free education is available to children of all nationalities who are residents in Italy. Italy has both a private and public education system. In 2018, the Italian secondary education was evaluated as below the OECD average. Italy scored below the OECD average in reading and science, and near OECD average in mathematics. Mean performance in Italy declined in reading and science, and remained stable in mathematics. Trento and Bolzano scored at an above the national average in reading. A wide gap exists between northern schools, which p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Education In The Republic Of Ireland
Education in the Republic of Ireland is a primary, secondary and higher (often known as "third-level" or tertiary) education. In recent years, further education has grown immensely, with 51% of working age adults having completed higher education by 2020. Growth in the economy since the 1960s has driven much of the change in the education system. For universities there are student service fees (up to €3,000 in 2015), which students are required to pay on registration, to cover examinations, insurance and registration costs. Student Finance.ie, information for Undergraduate students University College Dublin, Administrative Services - Fees & Grants The Department of Education, under the control of the Minister for Education and Youth, is in overall control of policy, funding and direction, while other important organisations such as the National Qualifications Authority of Ireland, the Higher Education Authority, and on a local level the Education and Training Boards, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
