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Erythrolamprus Melanotus
Shaw's dark ground snake (''Erythrolamprus melanotus''), also known commonly as Shaw's black-backed snake, and in Spanish as ''candelilla'', ''guarda caminos'', and ''reinita cazadora'', is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is native to northern South America. Etymology The English common names for ''E. melanotus'' refer to English biologist George Kearsley Shaw, who described and named this snake as a species new to science in 1802. Classification ''Erythrolamprus melanotus'' belongs to the genus '' Erythrolamprus'', which contains over 50 species. The genus ''Erythrolamprus'' belongs to the subfamily Dipsadinae, which is sometimes referred to as the family Dipsadidae. The relationships of ''Erythrolamprus'' species located in northern South America (Venezuela) can be shown in the cladogram below, based on molecular DNA analysis: Description ''Erythrolamprus melanotus'' grows up to a total length (including tail) of . Dorsally, it has a light yell ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Shaw (biologist)
George Kearsley Shaw (10 December 1751 – 22 July 1813) was an English botanist and zoologist. Life Shaw was born at Bierton, Buckinghamshire, and was educated at Magdalen Hall, Oxford, receiving his M.A. in 1772. He took up the profession of medical practitioner. In 1786, he became the assistant lecturer in botany at the University of Oxford. He became a fellow of the Royal Society in 1789. In 1791, Shaw became assistant keeper of the natural history department at the British Museum, succeeding Edward Whitaker Gray as keeper in 1806. He found that most of the items donated to the museum by Hans Sloane were in very bad condition. Medical and anatomical material was sent to the museum at the Royal College of Surgeons of England, Royal College of Surgeons, but many of the stuffed animals and birds had deteriorated and had to be burnt. He was succeeded after his death by his assistant Charles Konig. Shaw's library of natural history books and some of his specimens and equipment ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Venezuela
Venezuela, officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many Federal Dependencies of Venezuela, islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea. It comprises an area of , and its population was estimated at 29 million in 2022. The capital and largest urban agglomeration is the city of Caracas. The continental territory is bordered on the north by the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Colombia, Brazil on the south, Trinidad and Tobago to the north-east and on the east by Guyana. Venezuela is a presidential republic consisting of States of Venezuela, 23 states, the Venezuelan Capital District, Capital District and Federal Dependencies of Venezuela, federal dependencies covering Venezuela's offshore islands. Venezuela is among the most urbanized countries in Latin America; the vast majority of Venezuelans live in the cities of the north and in the capital. The territory o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peru
Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pacific Ocean. Peru is a Megadiverse countries, megadiverse country, with habitats ranging from the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region in the west, to the peaks of the Andes mountains extending from the north to the southeast of the country, to the tropical Amazon basin rainforest in the east with the Amazon River. Peru has Demographics of Peru, a population of over 32 million, and its capital and largest city is Lima. At , Peru is the List of countries and dependencies by area, 19th largest country in the world, and the List of South American countries by area, third largest in South America. Pre-Columbian Peru, Peruvian territory was home to Andean civilizations, several cultures during the ancient and medieval periods, and has one o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erythrolamprus Epinephalus
''Erythrolamprus epinephalus'', the Fire-bellied snake, is a species of snake in the Colubridae family. It is found in Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, and Peru. The snake, which was described by Edward Drinker Cope in 1862, is notable for its apparent immunity to the toxic skin of the golden poison dart frog, which it preys upon. Classification ''Erythrolamprus epinephalus'' belongs to the genus '' Erythrolamprus'', which contains over 50 species. The genus ''Erythrolamprus'' belongs to the subfamily Dipsadinae, which is sometimes referred to as the family Dipsadidae. Recent phylogenetic analysis of morphological and molecular DNA evidence has shown that ''Erythrolamprus epinephalus'' is now likely paraphyletic, with respect to ''Erythrolamprus pseudoreginae'' of Tobago, named in 2019. The relationships of ''Erythrolamprus'' species located in northern South America can be shown in the cladogram A cladogram (from Greek language, Greek ''clados'' "branch" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erythrolamprus Breviceps
''Erythrolamprus breviceps'', the short ground snake, is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is found in Suriname, Brazil, Ecuador, Colombia, Bolivia, Peru, French Guiana, and Guyana. Classification ''Erythrolamprus breviceps'' belongs to the genus '' Erythrolamprus'', which contains over 50 species. The genus ''Erythrolamprus'' belongs to the subfamily Dipsadinae, which is sometimes referred to as the family Dipsadidae. The relationships of ''Erythrolamprus'' species located in northern South America can be shown in the cladogram A cladogram (from Greek language, Greek ''clados'' "branch" and ''gramma'' "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms. A cladogram is not, however, an Phylogenetic tree, evolutionary tree because it does not s ... below, based on molecular DNA analysis: References {{Taxonbar, from=Q3242027 Erythrolamprus Reptiles of Bolivia Reptiles of Peru Reptiles described in 1860 Taxa named by Ed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erythrolamprus Zweifeli
''Erythrolamprus zweifeli'', the braided ground snake or Zweifel's ground snake, is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is found in Venezuela and Trinidad. Classification ''Erythrolamprus zweifeli'' belongs to the genus '' Erythrolamprus'', which contains over 50 species. The genus ''Erythrolamprus'' belongs to the subfamily Dipsadinae, which is sometimes referred to as the family Dipsadidae. ''Erythrolamprus zweifeli'' was previously considered to be a subspecies of ''Erythrolamprus reginae'' and called ''Erythrolamprus reginae zweifeli''. However, based on notable differences in coloration and scale counts, it is now considered to be a separate species. This close relationship to ''Erythrolamprus reginae'', as well as the relationships of ''Erythrolamprus'' species located in northern South America, can be shown in the cladogram below, based on molecular DNA analysis: Description ''Erythrolamprus zweifeli'' has either a salt-and-pepper dorsal pattern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erythrolamprus Reginae
The royal ground snake (''Erythrolamprus reginae'') is a species of snake in the Family (biology), family Colubridae. The species is Endemism, endemic to northern South America. Classification ''Erythrolamprus reginae'' belongs to the genus ''Erythrolamprus'', which contains over 50 species. The genus ''Erythrolamprus'' belongs to the subfamily Dipsadinae, which is sometimes referred to as the family Dipsadidae. Recent phylogenetic analysis of Morphology (biology), morphological and molecular DNA evidence has shown that ''Erythrolamprus reginae'' is now likely paraphyletic. ''Erythrolamprus zweifeli'' was previously considered to be a subspecies of ''Erythrolamprus reginae'' and called ''Erythrolamprus reginae zweifeli''. However, based on notable differences in coloration and scale counts, it is now considered to be a separate species. ''Erythrolamprus pseudoreginae'' of Tobago, named in 2019, was also previously considered to be part of ''Erythrolamprus reginae'', but is now s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brazil
Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population, seventh-largest by population, with over 212 million people. The country is a federation composed of 26 Federative units of Brazil, states and a Federal District (Brazil), Federal District, which hosts the capital, Brasília. List of cities in Brazil by population, Its most populous city is São Paulo, followed by Rio de Janeiro. Brazil has the most Portuguese-speaking countries, Portuguese speakers in the world and is the only country in the Americas where Portuguese language, Portuguese is an Portuguese-speaking world, official language. Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, Brazil has a Coastline of Brazil, coastline of . Covering roughly half of South America's land area, it Borders of Brazil, borders all other countries and ter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erythrolamprus Typhlus
''Erythrolamprus typhlus'', the blind ground snake or velvet ground snake, is a species of South American snake in the Family (biology), family Colubridae. It is found in Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Brazil, Peru, Ecuador, Paraguay, and Bolivia. Classification ''Erythrolamprus typhlus'' belongs to the genus ''Erythrolamprus'', which contains over 50 species. The genus ''Erythrolamprus'' belongs to the subfamily Dipsadinae, which is sometimes referred to as the family Dipsadidae. Recent phylogenetic analysis of Morphology (biology), morphological and molecular DNA evidence has shown that ''Erythrolamprus typhlus'' is now likely paraphyletic. The relationships of ''Erythrolamprus'' species located in northern South America can be shown in the cladogram below: References {{Taxonbar, from=Q3242056 Erythrolamprus Reptiles described in 1758 Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erythrolamprus Miliaris
The military ground snake (''Erythrolamprus miliaris'') is a species of snake in the family Colubridae, which is endemic to South America. Common names South American common names for ''E. miliaris'' include ''cobra-d'água'' (water snake) and ''cobra-lisa'' (smooth snake) in Portuguese, and simply ''culebra'' (snake) in Spanish. Taxonomy ''E. miliaris'' was originally described as ''Coluber miliaris'' by Carl Linnaeus in 1758. ''Erythrolamprus miliaris'' belongs to the genus '' Erythrolamprus'', which contains over 50 species. The genus ''Erythrolamprus'' belongs to the subfamily Dipsadinae, which is sometimes referred to as the family Dipsadidae. The relationships of ''Erythrolamprus'' species located in northern South America can be shown in the cladogram below, based on molecular DNA analysis: Subspecies Five subspecies are recognized, including the nominotypical subspecies. *''Erythrolamprus miliaris amazonicus'' ( Dunn, 1922) *''Erythrolamprus miliaris chrysostom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erythrolamprus Ceii
''Erythrolamprus ceii'' is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is found in Bolivia and Argentina. Classification ''Erythrolamprus ceii'' belongs to the genus '' Erythrolamprus'', which contains over 50 species. The genus ''Erythrolamprus'' belongs to the subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end botanical subfamily names with "-oideae", and zo ... Dipsadinae, which is sometimes referred to as the family Dipsadidae. The relationships of ''Erythrolamprus'' species located in northern South America can be shown in the cladogram below, based on molecular DNA analysis: References {{Taxonbar, from=Q3242029 Erythrolamprus Reptiles of Bolivia Reptiles of Argentina Reptiles described in 1991 Taxa named by James R. Dixon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paraphyletic
Paraphyly is a taxonomic term describing a grouping that consists of the grouping's last common ancestor and some but not all of its descendant lineages. The grouping is said to be paraphyletic ''with respect to'' the excluded subgroups. In contrast, a monophyletic grouping (a clade) includes a common ancestor and ''all'' of its descendants. The terms are commonly used in phylogenetics (a subfield of biology) and in the tree model of historical linguistics. Paraphyletic groups are identified by a combination of synapomorphies and symplesiomorphies. If many subgroups are missing from the named group, it is said to be polyparaphyletic. The term received currency during the debates of the 1960s and 1970s accompanying the rise of cladistics, having been coined by zoologist Willi Hennig to apply to well-known taxa like Reptilia (reptiles), which is paraphyletic with respect to birds. Reptilia contains the last common ancestor of reptiles and all descendants of that ancestor exc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
