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Ennominae
Ennominae is the largest subfamily of the geometer moth family (Geometridae) with some 9,700 described species in 1,100 genera. They are usually a fairly small moths, though some (such as the peppered moth) grow to be considerably large. This subfamily has a global distribution. It includes some species that are notorious defoliating pests. The subfamily was first described by Philogène Auguste Joseph Duponchel in 1845. The status of several tribes is debated.For example, the Boarmiini are sometimes massively expanded to include the Bistonini, Bupalini, Erannini, Gnophini, Melanolophini, Phaseliini and Theriini. The Nacophorini and perhaps the Campaeini might need to be merged with the Lithinini, and all three might warrant merging into the Ennomini.The group sometimes separated as Cassymini is tentatively included in the Abraxini here. The Alsophilinae, usually treated as a small subfamily in their own right, might simply be a specialized lineage of Boarmiini.&nb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nacophorini
The Nacophorini are one of the smaller tribes of geometer moths in the subfamily Ennominae. They are the most diverse Ennominae of Australia and are widespread in the Americas. If the African genera tentatively placed herein indeed belong here, the distribution of the Nacophorini is distinctly Gondwanan, with their probable origin either of Australia, South America or even Antarctica (which was not ice-covered until a few million years ago). In Eurasia, they are rare by comparison.Young (2008) Despite the lack of thorough study of this tribe in modern times, as traditionally delimited they are probably nearly monophyletic, requiring only a few genera to be moved in and out of this group to make it correspond to a clade; as this involves the type species, the correct name for this clade might be Lithinini or maybe Campaeini, which are both liable to be eventually merged with the Nacophorini. The Azelinini, Ennomini and perhaps the Caberini are probably their closest living ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ennomini
__NOTOC__ The Ennomini are a tribe of geometer moths in the Ennominae subfamily. They are large-bodied and rather nondescript Ennominae, overall showing many similarities to the closely related Azelinini and Nacophorini.Young (2008) Most have a beige to brown color, and they rarely possess the disruptive cryptic patterns seen in many other geometer moths. A typical ennomiine wing pattern consists of two or three costal to dorsal sections, one of which is often darker in color. There is rarely more than one conspicuous dark or light spot on each side of each wing, and many do not have any particularly prominent markings at all. Systematics '' Phaeoura'', which includes ''Phaeoura quernaria'' – the type species of the Nacophorini – nowadays, appears to be closer to the Ennomini than to the bulk of genera currently placed in the Nacophorini. It might be moved into the present tribe, making Nacophorini a junior synonym of Ennomini. The Lithinini and perhaps the Campa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Azelinini
__NOTOC__ The Azelinini are a tribe of geometer moths in the subfamily Ennominae, with many species in the Southern Hemisphere, particularly in South America. Several species are found in North America as well. These stocky geometer moths seem to be closely related to other robust tribes, such as the Campaeini, Ennomini, Lithinini and Nacophorini – all of which might warrant to be subsumed in the Ennomini – the genus ''Odontopera'', and perhaps the Caberini and Colotoini.Young (2008) The tribe was first described by William Trowbridge Merrifield Forbes in 1948. Description They rest with their wings stretched out parallel to the surface, and the hindwings hidden under the forewings unlike most related Ennominae. Though they are among the larger Geometridae, they are nonetheless not very conspicuous; the outer third of the forewings is usually conspicuously lighter than the middle third, and at the apical end of the forewing cell there is usually a white or black ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boarmiini
The Boarmiini (also often called ''Cleorini'') are a large tribe of geometer moths in the Ennominae subfamily. Description and systematics This family is sometimes massively expanded, with the closely related Bistonini, Bupalini, Erannini, Gnophini, Melanolophini, Phaseliini and Theriini all merged into it. The eggs of all these geometer moths have the chorion cells characteristically arranged in longitudinal rows. The eggs of the Boarmiini in the narrow sense usually have a typical slender and narrow shape, with a soft chorion consisting of heavy-walled but unridged polygonal cells. However, in '' Cleora'' for example, the eggs approach the wide-walled shape found in many Bistonini. Adding further to the uncertainty is the fact that the Alsophilinae, usually treated as a small subfamily in their own right, might be a specialized lineage of Boarmiini; though their caterpillars are quite different, their pupae have a peculiar T-shaped cremaster which very much resemble ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Macariini
The Macariini are a tribe of geometer moths in the subfamily Ennominae. Though they share many traits with the Sterrhinae, this is probably plesiomorphic rather than indicative of a close relationship, and DNA sequence data points to the Boarmiini as particularly close relatives of the Macariini. All things considered, this tribe might still resemble the first Ennominae more than any other living lineage in the subfamily.Young (2008) Selected genera and species As numerous ennominae genera have not yet been assigned to a tribe,See references in Savela (2008) the genus list should be considered preliminary. * '' Acanthovalva'' * ''Aporhoptrina'' * ''Chiasmia'' * ''Digrammia'' * '' Dissomorphia'' * ''Elpiste'' * ''Epelis'' * ''Eumacaria'' * ''Fernaldella'' * ''Gnopharmia'' * '' Godonela'' * ''Heliomata'' - might belong in Abraxini (Cassymini if distinct) * ''Heterocallia'' * ''Hypephyra'' * '' Isturgia'' ** Frosted yellow, ''Isturgia limbaria'' * ''Itame'' * ''Letispe'' * ''Lux ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abraxini
The Abraxini are a tribe of geometer moths in the subfamily Ennominae. Here, the Cassymini are considered a specialized offshoot of the Abraxini and merged therein; some authors consider them a distinct tribe however. Genera As numerous ennominae genera have not yet been assigned to a tribe, the genus list is preliminary. Most of the genera listed here would be placed in the Cassymini if these are considered separate.Holloway (1994) * ''Abraxas'' ** Magpie, ''Abraxas grossulariata'' ** Clouded magpie, ''Abraxas sylvata'' * '' Auzeodes'' * ''Ballantiophora'' * ''Berberodes'' * ''Cassyma'' * '' Danala'' * ''Gyostega'' * ''Heterostegane'' * ''Hydatocapnia'' * ''Leuciris'' * ''Ligdia'' ** Scorched carpet, ''Ligdia adustata'' * ''Lomaspilis'' ** Clouded border, ''Lomaspilis marginata'' * ''Ninodes'' * ''Orthocabera'' (tentatively placed here) * ''Peratophyga'' * '' Pristostegania'' * ''Protitame'' * ''Pycnostega'' * ''Stegania'' * ''Syngonorthus'' * ''Xenostega'' * '' Zamarada'' (te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Angeronini
The Angeronini are a small tribe of geometer moths in the subfamily Ennominae. The tribe was first described by William Trowbridge Merrifield Forbes William Trowbridge Merrifield Forbes (April 23, 1885 Westborough – April 12, 1968 Worcester) was an American entomologist who specialized in Lepidoptera and Coleoptera Beetles are insects that form the order Coleoptera (), in the superor ... in 1948. As numerous ennomine genera have not yet been assigned to a tribe,See references in Savela (2008) the genus list is preliminary. Genera *'' Angerona'' Duponchel, 1829 *'' Lytrosis'' Hulst, 1896 *'' Euchlaena'' Hübner, 1823 *'' Xanthotype'' Warren, 1894 *'' Cymatophora'' Hübner, 1812 Footnotes References * (2008)Family group names in Geometridae Retrieved July 22, 2008. * Taxa named by William Trowbridge Merrifield Forbes Moth tribes {{Ennominae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bistonini
The Bistonini are a tribe of geometer moths in subfamily Ennominae. As numerous ennomine genera have not yet been assigned to a tribe, the genus list is preliminary. In addition, the entire tribe is sometimes merged into a much-expanded Boarmiini. In other treatments, the Erannini are included in the present group. They overall resemble the Boarmiini, which are certainly closely related. Bistonini tend to retain more plesiomorphic traits (they are rather basal in the expanded Boarmiini) and contain many species that are very large and hairy by geometer moth standards, somewhat resembling Arctiidae.Young (2008) Selected genera and species * ''Agriopis'' ** Spring usher, ''Agriopis leucophaearia'' ** Dotted border, ''Agriopis marginaria'' * '' Almabiston'' * ''Amorphogynia'' * '' Apocheima'' * ''Biston'' * '' Chondrosoma'' * '' Cochisea'' * ''Hypagyrtis'' * '' Larerannis'' * ''Lycia'' ** Brindled beauty, ''Lycia hirtaria'' * '' Megabiston'' * '' Microbiston'' * '' Nyssiodes'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eogeometer
''Eogeometer'' is a prehistoric genus of Ennomine geometer moths in the tribe Boarmiini. The type and only species is ''Eogeometer vadens'', the specimen of which measured about , and was estimated to be 44 million years old, dating back to Eocene epoch. Both the genus and species were described by Thilo C. Fischer, Artur Michalski and Axel Hausmann in 2019 as the first geometrid caterpillar in Baltic amber The Baltic region is home to the largest known deposit of amber, called Baltic amber or succinite. It was produced sometime during the Eocene epoch, but exactly when is controversial. It has been estimated that these forests created more than 1 .... References Eogeometer Boarmiini Moth genera {{Ennominae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baptini
Baptini is a tribe of geometer moths in the subfamily Ennominae. Genera *''Borbacha'' Moore, 887/small> *''Bulonga'' Walker, 1859 *'' Crypsicometa'' Warren, 1894 *'' Curbia'' Warren, 1894 *'' Eurychoria'' Prout, 1916 *'' Eurytaphria'' Warren, 1893 *'' Hypoplectis'' Hübner, 1823 *'' Hypulia'' Swinhoe, 1894 *''Lomographa'' Hübner, 825/small> *'' Nothomiza'' Warren, 1894 *'' Palyas'' Guenée in Boisduval & Guenée, 1857 *'' Parasynegia'' Warren, 1893 *''Phrygionis'' Hübner, 825/small> *'' Platycerota'' Hampson, 1893 *'' Plesiomorpha'' Warren, 1898 *'' Rhynchobapta'' Hampson, 1895 *'' Synegia'' Guenée in Boisduval & Guenée, 1857 *'' Tasta'' Walker, 863/small> *''Yashmakia ''Yashmakia'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae described by Warren in 1901. Species *''Yashmakia vanbraeckeli'' Debauch, 1941 Sulawesi *''Yashmakia purpurascens'' (Warren, 1894) Ichang *''Yashmakia medionubis'' (Prout, 1925) north-e ...'' Warren, 1901 References Moth tribes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gnophini
Gnophini is a tribe of moths Moths are a paraphyletic group of insects that includes all members of the order Lepidoptera that are not butterflies, with moths making up the vast majority of the order. There are thought to be approximately 160,000 species of moth, many of .... Taxonomy Gnophini contains the following genera: References Taxa described in 1845 Ennominae Taxa named by Philogène Auguste Joseph Duponchel Lepidoptera tribes {{Insect-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ourapterygini
The Ourapterygini are one of the large tribes of geometer moths in the subfamily Ennominae. The tribe was described by Charles Théophile Bruand d'Uzelle in 1846. They are particularly plentiful in the Neotropics. Ourapterygini are generally held to be the youngest tribe of their subfamily, and at least seasonally have characteristic apomorphic asymmetrical processes of the anellus. Many members of this tribe are remarkably butterfly like. The tribe contains more partially diurnal species than usual for geometer moths, and many do not have the cryptic coloration typical for the family. There is a tendency to light yellowish hues and either little or a quite bold pattern, making some species rather conspicuous. It is known that at least some are noxious to predators, and such coloration might be aposematic. Genera and selected species As numerous Ennominae genera have not yet been assigned to a tribe,See references in Savela (2008) this genus list is preliminary. Footnotes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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