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The Ennomini are a

tribe The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide usage of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. This definition is contested, in part due to confl ...

geometer moth The geometer moths are moths belonging to the family (biology), family Geometridae of the insect order (biology), order Lepidoptera, the moths and butterflies. Their scientific name derives from the Ancient Greek ''geo'' γεω (derivative for ...

s in the

Ennominae Ennominae is the largest subfamily of the geometer moth family (Geometridae) with some 9,700 described species in 1,100 genera. They are usually a fairly small moths, though some (such as the peppered moth) grow to be considerably large. This s ...

subfamily. They are large-bodied and rather nondescript Ennominae, overall showing many similarities to the closely related Azelinini and

Nacophorini The Nacophorini are one of the smaller tribes of geometer moths in the subfamily Ennominae. They are the most diverse Ennominae of Australia and are widespread in the Americas. If the African genera tentatively placed herein indeed belong here ...

.Young (2008) Most have a beige to brown color, and they rarely possess the disruptive cryptic patterns seen in many other geometer moths. A typical ennomiine wing pattern consists of two or three costal to

dorsal Dorsal (from Latin ''dorsum'' ‘back’) may refer to: * Dorsal (anatomy), an anatomical term of location referring to the back or upper side of an organism or parts of an organism * Dorsal, positioned on top of an aircraft's fuselage * Dorsal co ...

sections, one of which is often darker in color. There is rarely more than one conspicuous dark or light spot on each side of each wing, and many do not have any particularly prominent markings at all.

Systematics

'' Phaeoura'', which includes ''

Phaeoura quernaria ''Phaeoura quernaria'', the oak beauty, is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species was first described by James Edward Smith in 1797. It is found in eastern North America, occurring as far west as east-central Alberta. The habitat consist ...

'' – the

type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen( ...

of the

– nowadays, appears to be closer to the Ennomini than to the bulk of

genera Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial ...

currently placed in the Nacophorini. It might be moved into the present tribe, making Nacophorini a junior synonym of Ennomini. The Lithinini and perhaps the Campaeini too, on the other hand, seem to warrant merging with the bulk of the Nacophorini, and in that case the resulting group would probably be named Lithinini. On the other hand, a more radical approach to achieve

monophyly In cladistics for a group of organisms, monophyly is the condition of being a clade—that is, a group of taxa composed only of a common ancestor (or more precisely an ancestral population) and all of its lineal descendants. Monophyletic gr ...

would be to merge all three tribes into the Ennomini. The enigmatic genus ''

Hoplosauris ''Hoplosauris'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae The geometer moths are moths belonging to the family Geometridae of the insect order Lepidoptera, the moths and butterflies. Their scientific name derives from the Ancient Greek ' ...

'', of rather uncertain placement in the

, is in some respects intermediate between the Nacophorini and the Ennomini.

Selected genera and species

As numerous ennomine genera have not yet been assigned to a tribe,See references in Savela (2008) the genus list is preliminary. * ''

Acrodontis ''Acrodontis'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae. Species * ''Acrodontis aenigma'' (Prout, 1914) * ''Acrodontis fumosa'' (Prout, 1930) * ''Acrodontis hunana'' Wehrli, 1936 * ''Acrodontis insularis'' Holloway, 1993 * ''Acrodontis ko ...

'' - might belong in

Boarmiini The Boarmiini (also often called ''Cleorini'') are a large tribe of geometer moths in the Ennominae subfamily. Description and systematics This family is sometimes massively expanded, with the closely related Bistonini, Bupalini, Erannini, ...

* ''

Apeira ''Apeira'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae first described by Johannes von Nepomuk Franz Xaver Gistel Johannes von Nepomuk Franz Xaver Gistel ''Gistl(11 August 1809 – 9 March 1873) was a German naturalist. He worked at the M ...

'' * ''

Artiora ''Artiora'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae The geometer moths are moths belonging to the family Geometridae of the insect order Lepidoptera, the moths and butterflies. Their scientific name derives from the Ancient Greek ''g ...

'' * ''

Crocallis ''Crocallis'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae erected by Georg Friedrich Treitschke in 1825. Species * '' Crocallis albarracina'' Wehrli, 1940 * '' Crocallis auberti'' Oberthür, 1883 * '' Crocallis bacalladoi'' * '' Crocallis bois ...

'' **

Scalloped oak The scalloped oak (''Crocallis elinguaria'') is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his 1758 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae''. Distribution This common species can be found from Europe to eas ...

, ''Crocallis elinguaria'' * ''

Devenilia ''Devenilia'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae The geometer moths are moths belonging to the family Geometridae of the insect order Lepidoptera, the moths and butterflies. Their scientific name derives from the Ancient Greek ' ...

'' * ''

Ectephrina ''Ectephrina'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae. Species * '' Ectephrina semilutata'' (Lederer, 1853) References ''Ectephrina''at Markku Savela's ''Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms'' Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus ...

'' * ''

Eilicrinia ''Eilicrinia'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae The geometer moths are moths belonging to the family Geometridae of the insect order Lepidoptera, the moths and butterflies. Their scientific name derives from the Ancient Greek ' ...

'' * ''

Ennomos ''Ennomos'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae erected by Georg Friedrich Treitschke in 1825. Species * ''Ennomos alniaria'' (Linnaeus, 1758) – canary-shouldered thorn * ''Ennomos autumnaria'' (Werneburg, 1859) – large thorn * ' ...

'' ** Canary-shouldered thorn, ''Ennomos alniaria'' ** Large thorn, ''Ennomos autumnaria'' **

September thorn ''Ennomos erosaria'', the September thorn, is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species can be found in the Palearctic realm in western Europe and from central Scandinavia. Its range extends to the northern Mediterranean and east to the Caucas ...

, ''Ennomos erosaria'' **

August thorn ''Ennomos quercinaria'', the August thorn, is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species can be found in Europe. It was Species description, first described by Johann Siegfried Hufnagel in 1767. Description The wingspan is 42–50 mm. T ...

, ''Ennomos quercinaria'' * ''

Exangerona ''Exangerona'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae The geometer moths are moths belonging to the family Geometridae of the insect order Lepidoptera, the moths and butterflies. Their scientific name derives from the Ancient Greek ...

'' * ''

'' (tentatively placed here) * ''

Lignyoptera ''Lignyoptera'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae The geometer moths are moths belonging to the family Geometridae of the insect order Lepidoptera, the moths and butterflies. Their scientific name derives from the Ancient Greek ...

'' * ''

Ocoelophora ''Ocoelophora'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae. References * Geometridae {{Ennominae-stub ...

'' * ''

Odontopera ''Odontopera'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae described by Stephens in 1831. ''Aethiopodes'' is sometimes also included here. Selected species *''Odontopera albiguttulata'' Bastelberger, 1909 *'' Odontopera bidentata'' (Clerck, ...

'' **

Scalloped hazel The scalloped hazel (''Odontopera bidentata'') is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Carl Alexander Clerck in 1759. Distribution It is a common species of northern and central Europe including the Britis ...

, ''Odontopera bidentata'' * ''

Pachycnemia ''Pachycnemia'' is a genus of moth Moths are a paraphyletic group of insects that includes all members of the order Lepidoptera that are not butterflies, with moths making up the vast majority of the order. There are thought to be approximat ...

'' * ''

Proteostrenia ''Proteostrenia'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae. References * Geometridae {{Geometridae-stub ...

'' * ''

Scionomia ''Scionomia'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae. References * Geometridae {{Ennominae-stub ...

'' * '' Selenia'' ** Purple thorn, ''Selenia tetralunaria'' * ''

Seleniopsis ''Seleniopsis'' is a genus of moth Moths are a paraphyletic group of insects that includes all members of the order Lepidoptera that are not butterflies, with moths making up the vast majority of the order. There are thought to be approximat ...

'' * ''

Scodiomima ''Scodiomima'' is a genus of moth Moths are a paraphyletic group of insects that includes all members of the order Lepidoptera that are not butterflies, with moths making up the vast majority of the order. There are thought to be approximate ...

'' * '' Xerodes'' - might belong in Boarmiini

Footnotes

References

* (2008)
Family group names in Geometridae
Retrieved 2008-JUL-22. * (2007): Butterflies and Moths of the World, Generic Names and their Type-species
''Nacophora''
Retrieved 2008-JUL-22. * (2008)

Version of 2008-MAR-08. Retrieved 2008-JUL-21. * (2008): Characterisation of the Australian Nacophorini using adult morphology, and phylogeny of the Geometridae based on morphological characters. ''

Zootaxa ''Zootaxa'' is a peer-reviewed scientific mega journal for animal taxonomists. It is published by Magnolia Press ''Magnolia'' is a large genus of about 210 to 340The number of species in the genus ''Magnolia'' depends on the taxonomic view ...

'' 1736: 1-141
PDF abstract and excerpt
Insect tribes {{Ennominae-stub