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Enguerrand II, Count Of Ponthieu
Enguerrand II (d. 25 October 1053) was the son of Hugh II count of Ponthieu. He assumed the county upon the death of his father on November 20, 1052. Life Enguerrand II was the eldest son and heir of Hugh II, Count of Ponthieu and his wife Bertha of Aumale, heiress of Aumale. Enguerrand was married to Adelaide, daughter of Robert I, Duke of Normandy and sister of William the Conqueror. But at the Council of Reims in 1049, when the proposed marriage of Duke William with Matilda of Flanders was prohibited based on consanguinity, so was Enguerrand's existing marriage to Adelaide, causing him to be excommunicated. The marriage was apparently annulled c.1049/50. He had given her in dower, Aumale, which she retained after the dissolution of their marriage. The Conqueror's uncle, William of Arques, who had originally challenged Duke William's right to the duchy based on his illegitimacy, had been given the county of Talou by Duke William as a fief, but still defiant and on his own a ...
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Hugh II Of Ponthieu
Hugh II of Ponthieu was count of Ponthieu and lord of Abbeville, the son of Enguerrand I of Ponthieu. Evidently, Hugh II was the half-brother of Guy, who became the bishop of Amiens; Fulk, who became the abbot of Forest l'Abbaye; and Robert. However, it is possible that both Robert and Hugh II were the sons of Enguerrand's first wife, and Guy and Fulk the sons of a later wife that Enguerrand I married when he was in his forties. Issue Hugh II was married to Bertha of Aumale, Countess of Aumale. They had: * Enguerrand II who succeeded Hugh II as Count of Ponthieu *Robert *Hugh *Waleran (d.1054) *Beatrice of Ponthieu (1022–1054) was married to William of Talou William of Talou, Count of Talou (Arques-la-Bataille, Arques) (before 1035–1086) was a powerful member of the Norman ducal family who exerted his influence during the early reign of William the Conqueror Duke of Normandy. Background William wa ..., the count of Arques * Guy I, succeeded Enguerrand II as Count of Pon ...
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William Of Talou
William of Talou, Count of Talou (Arques-la-Bataille, Arques) (before 1035–1086) was a powerful member of the Norman ducal family who exerted his influence during the early reign of William the Conqueror Duke of Normandy. Background William was the son of Richard II of Normandy, duke Richard II of Normandy by Papia of Envermeu.David C. Douglas, ''William the Conqueror'' (University of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles, 1964), p. 38 His brother was Mauger Archbishop of Rouen, Mauger, who became archbishop of Rouen in or shortly after 1037. In 1035, following the death of Robert I of Normandy on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem, William of Talou challenged his nephew's right to succeed his father, basing his own claim on a legitimate descent from Richard II. But the young Duke William had the backing of his powerful great-uncle, Robert I Archbishop of Rouen, Robert II, the archbishop of Rouen. When Archbishop Robert died in 1037 there was a power vacuum and all of Normandy fell ...
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People Excommunicated By The Catholic Church
The term "the people" refers to the public or common mass of people of a polity. As such it is a concept of human rights law, international law as well as constitutional law, particularly used for claims of popular sovereignty. In contrast, a people is any plurality of persons considered as a whole. Used in politics and law, the term "a people" refers to the collective or community of an ethnic group or nation. Concepts Legal Chapter One, Article One of the Charter of the United Nations states that "peoples" have the right to self-determination. Though the mere status as peoples and the right to self-determination, as for example in the case of Indigenous peoples (''peoples'', as in all groups of indigenous people, not merely all indigenous persons as in ''indigenous people''), does not automatically provide for independent sovereignty and therefore secession. Indeed, judge Ivor Jennings identified the inherent problems in the right of "peoples" to self-determination, as i ...
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Counts Of Ponthieu
The County of Ponthieu (, ), centered on the mouth of the Somme, became a member of the Norman group of vassal states when Count Guy submitted to William the Conqueror, Duke of Normandy after the battle of Mortemer.Dunbabin.France in the Making. Ch.4. The Principalities 888–987 It eventually formed part of the dowry of Eleanor of Castile and passed to the English crown. Much fought-over in the Hundred Years' War, it eventually passed to the French royal domain, and the title Count of Ponthieu (''comte de Ponthieu'') became a courtesy title for the royal family. Counts and Countesses of Ponthieu *Helgaud III, also Count of Montreuil. d. 926 in battle against the Normans. *Herluin II or Herlouin, also Count of Montreuil. (926–945) *Roger or Rotgaire or Notgard, also Count of Montreuil. (dates unknown) *William I, also Count of Montreuil. (dates unknown) *Hildouin, also Count of Montreuil. (dates unknown) * Hugh I, also Count of Montreuil, d. c. 1000. * Enguerrand I, also Count ...
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Year Of Birth Unknown
A year is a unit of time based on how long it takes the Earth to orbit the Sun. In scientific use, the tropical year (approximately 365 solar days, 5 hours, 48 minutes, 45 seconds) and the sidereal year (about 20 minutes longer) are more exact. The modern calendar year, as reckoned according to the Gregorian calendar, approximates the tropical year by using a system of leap years. The term 'year' is also used to indicate other periods of roughly similar duration, such as the lunar year (a roughly 354-day cycle of twelve of the Moon's phasessee lunar calendar), as well as periods loosely associated with the calendar or astronomical year, such as the seasonal year, the fiscal year, the academic year, etc. Due to the Earth's axial tilt, the course of a year sees the passing of the seasons, marked by changes in weather, the hours of daylight, and, consequently, vegetation and soil fertility. In temperate and subpolar regions around the planet, four seasons ar ...
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Count Of Ponthieu
The County of Ponthieu (, ), centered on the mouth of the Somme, became a member of the Norman group of vassal states when Count Guy submitted to William the Conqueror, Duke of Normandy after the battle of Mortemer.Dunbabin.France in the Making. Ch.4. The Principalities 888–987 It eventually formed part of the dowry of Eleanor of Castile and passed to the English crown. Much fought-over in the Hundred Years' War, it eventually passed to the French royal domain, and the title Count of Ponthieu (''comte de Ponthieu'') became a courtesy title for the royal family. Counts and Countesses of Ponthieu *Helgaud III, also Count of Montreuil. d. 926 in battle against the Normans. *Herluin II or Herlouin, also Count of Montreuil. (926–945) *Roger or Rotgaire or Notgard, also Count of Montreuil. (dates unknown) *William I, also Count of Montreuil. (dates unknown) *Hildouin, also Count of Montreuil. (dates unknown) * Hugh I, also Count of Montreuil, d. c. 1000. * Enguerrand I, also Coun ...
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Guy I Of Ponthieu
Guy I of Ponthieu (also known in the Bayeux Tapestry as Wido) was born sometime in the mid- to late 1020s and died 13 October 1100. He succeeded his brother Enguerrand II as Count of Ponthieu. Life Guy was a son of Hugh II, Count of Ponthieu, and Bertha of Aumale. About 1053, he succeeded his brother Enguerrand II as Count of Ponthieu. The Ponthievin alliance with Duke William of Normandy had earlier been secured by the marriage of Enguerrand to Adelaide of Normandy, Duke William's sister. However, the marriage was apparently annulled due to consanguinity c.1049/50. Enguerrand's and Guy's unnamed sister was married to William of Talou, son of Richard II, Duke of Normandy. William of Talou had built a strong castle at Arques, and from it (in 1053) he defied his nephew the youthful Duke of Normandy. As "family", the comital house of Ponthieu supported the rebellion. Duke William put Arques under siege, and then remained mobile with another force in the countryside nearby. He w ...
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Battle Of Hastings
The Battle of Hastings was fought on 14 October 1066 between the Norman-French army of William, Duke of Normandy, and an English army under the Anglo-Saxon King Harold Godwinson, beginning the Norman Conquest of England. It took place approximately northwest of Hastings, close to the present-day town of Battle, East Sussex, and was a decisive Norman victory. The background to the battle was the death of the childless King Edward the Confessor in January 1066, which set up a succession struggle between several claimants to his throne. Harold was crowned king shortly after Edward's death but faced invasions by William, his own brother Tostig, and the Norwegian king Harald Hardrada (Harold III of Norway). Hardrada and Tostig defeated a hastily gathered army of Englishmen at the Battle of Fulford on 20 September 1066. They were in turn defeated by Harold at the Battle of Stamford Bridge on 25 September. The deaths of Tostig and Hardrada at Stamford Bridge left William as ...
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Arques-la-Bataille
Arques-la-Bataille () is a Communes of France, commune in the Seine-Maritime Departments of France, department in the Normandy (administrative region), Normandy region in north-western France. The zoologist Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville (1777–1850) was born in Arques. Geography Arques is situated near the confluence of the rivers Eaulne, Varenne (Arques), Varenne and Béthune (river), Béthune, with the forest of Arques to the north-east. It lies southeast of Dieppe, Seine-Maritime, Dieppe at the junction of the D23, D154, and D56 roads. Population Main sights The centre houses a castle dominating the town, which was built in the 11th century by William of Talou; his nephew, William I of England, William the Conqueror, regarding it as a menace to his own power, besieged and occupied it. After frequently changing hands, it came into the possession of the English, who were expelled in 1449 after an occupation of thirty years. In 1589, its cannon decided the Battle of Arqu ...
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Henry I Of France
Henry I (4 May 1008 – 4 August 1060) was King of the Franks from 1031 to 1060. The royal demesne of France reached its smallest size during his reign, and for this reason he is often seen as emblematic of the weakness of the early Capetians. This is not entirely agreed upon, however, as other historians regard him as a strong but realistic king, who was forced to conduct a policy mindful of the limitations of the French monarchy. Reign A member of the House of Capet, Henry was born in Reims, the son of King Robert II (972–1031) and Constance of Arles (986–1034). In the early-Capetian tradition, he was crowned King of France at the Cathedral of Reims on 14 May 1027, while his father still lived. He had little influence and power until he became sole ruler on his father's death four years later. The reign of Henry I, like those of his predecessors, was marked by territorial struggles. Initially, he joined his younger brother Robert, with the support of their mother, in a ...
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Elisabeth Van Houts
Elisabeth Maria Cornelia van Houts, Lady Baker, (born 1952) is a Dutch-born British historian specializing in medieval European history. Van Houts was born in Zaandam in the Netherlands. She married historian Sir John Baker in 2010. She is an honorary professor of medieval European history in the Faculty of History and a Fellow of Emmanuel College, Cambridge. Van Houts was elected a Fellow of the Royal Historical Society in 1983. She has published and lectured on Anglo-Norman history, medieval historiography and literature and the history of gender in the Middle Ages. She has been an expert panellist on the radio programme '' In Our Time'' for the 12th-century Renaissance and the Domesday Book. She was elected a Fellow of the British Academy Fellowship of the British Academy (post-nominal letters FBA) is an award granted by the British Academy to leading academics for their distinction in the humanities and social sciences. The categories are: # Fellows – scholars resi ...
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Dower
Dower is a provision accorded traditionally by a husband or his family, to a wife for her support should she become widowed. It was settlement (law), settled on the bride (being given into trust instrument, trust) by agreement at the time of the wedding, or as provided by law. The dower grew out of the practice of bride price, which was given over to a bride's family well in advance for arranging the marriage, but during the early Middle Ages, was given directly to the bride instead. However, in popular parlance, the term may be used for a life interest in property settled by a husband on his wife at any time, not just at the wedding. The verb wikt:dower#Verb, ''to dower'' is sometimes used''.'' In popular usage, the term ''dower'' may be confused with: *A ''dowager'' is a widow (who may receive her dower). The term is especially used of a noble or royal widow who no longer occupies the position she held during the marriage. For example, Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother, Queen ...
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