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Emgrand EC8
The Emgrand EC8 is a large family car of the Emgrand sub-brand of Chinese automaker Geely Auto. Background The Emgrand EC8 debuted at the 2010 Beijing Auto Show. Formerly known as the Emgrand EC825, Geely decided to shorten the name to simply Emgrand EC8. The EC8 is Geely's first entry to the D-segment mid-size sedan or Large family car market. The car resembles a cross between the Toyota Camry (XV40) and the Cadillac CTS The Cadillac CTS is a luxury car, manufactured and marketed by General Motors from 2003 until 2019 across three generations. Initially available as a 4-door sedan using the GM Sigma platform, GM offered the second generation CTS in 4-door ... as the EC8 was benchmarked against and reverse engineered from the Toyota Camry. The Geely EC8 will compete with mid-size rivals such as the Toyota Camry, Volkswagen Magotan, Honda Accord, Nissan Teana and Chery-Riich G5 in the Chinese market. File:Emgrand EC820 001.jpg, Emgrand EC8 front File:Emgrand EC820 ...
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Emgrand
Emgrand was an automobile marque owned by the Chinese automotive manufacturer Geely. It was launched in August 2009 and discontinued in 2014 after its products were rebranded as Geely. Emgrand ceased to be a separate brand and was demoted to being a model name under the Geely brand. History The ''Emgrand'' marque was publicly unveiled at the 2009 Auto Shanghai autoshow, together with two other new Geely brands, Englon and Gleagle. The first Emgrand EC7 production models for retail sale were completed in July 2009 at the Geely plant in Ningbo, Zhejiang. The EC7 went on sale in China in mid-August 2009 as the marque's launch model. The second Emgrand production model, the Emgrand EC8, was launched in October 2010. In December 2011 it was announced that Emgrand would be launched in the United Kingdom in late-2012, with the Emgrand EC7 planned to be the first model to go on sale. Emgrand vehicles were intended to be distributed in the UK by Manganese Bronze Holdings (which Geely owns ...
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Large Family Car
The D-segment is the 4th category of the European segments for passenger cars, and is described as "large cars". It is equivalent to the Euro NCAP "large family car" size class, and the present-day definition of the mid-size car category used in North America. Compact executive cars are part of the D-segment size category. D-segment sales represented about 7% of the market in the 2010s. Characteristics Most D-segment cars are sedans/saloons or wagons/estates but hatchbacks, and coupes have been common. Pricing and specification of D-segment cars can vary greatly, from basic low-cost transport to more luxurious and expensive models. As of 2021 the typical D-segment category size ranges from about . Current models D-segment cars in Europe are the BMW 3 Series, Mercedes-Benz C-Class, Audi A4/S4/RS4, Mazda6, Škoda Superb, Volvo S60/V60, Jaguar XE, Citroën C5, Peugeot 508, Audi A5/S5/RS5, BMW 4 Series, Volkswagen Arteon, Honda Accord, Toyota Camry and ...
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Sedans
A sedan (American English) or saloon (British English) is a passenger car in a three-box configuration with separate compartments for an engine, passengers, and cargo. The first recorded use of ''sedan'' in reference to an automobile body occurred in 1912. The name derives from the 17th-century litter known as a sedan chair, a one-person enclosed box with windows and carried by porters. Variations of the sedan style include the close-coupled sedan, club sedan, convertible sedan, fastback sedan, hardtop sedan, notchback sedan, and sedanet. Definition A sedan () is a car with a closed body (i.e., a fixed metal roof) with the engine, passengers, and cargo in separate compartments. This broad definition does not differentiate sedans from various other car body styles. Still, in practice, the typical characteristics of sedans are: * a B-pillar (between the front and rear windows) that supports the roof; * two rows of seats; * a three-box design with the engine at the front and ...
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Front-wheel-drive Vehicles
Front-wheel drive (FWD) is a form of engine and transmission layout used in motor vehicles, in which the engine drives the front wheels only. Most modern front-wheel-drive vehicles feature a transverse engine, rather than the conventional longitudinal engine arrangement generally found in rear-wheel-drive and four-wheel-drive vehicles. Location of engine and transmission By far the most common layout for a front-wheel-drive car is with the engine and transmission at the front of the car, mounted transversely. Other layouts of front-wheel drive that have been occasionally produced are a front-engine mounted longitudinally, a mid-engine layout and a rear-engine layout. History Prior to 1900 Experiments with front-wheel-drive cars date to the early days of the automobile. The world's first self-propelled vehicle, Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot's 1769/1770 "fardier à vapeur", was a front-wheel-driven three-wheeled steam-tractor. It then took at least a century for the f ...
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Mid-size Cars
Mid-size—also known as intermediate—is a vehicle size class which originated in the United States and is used for cars larger than compact cars and smaller than full-size cars. "Large family car" is a UK term and a part of the D-segment in the European car classification. Mid-size cars are manufactured in a variety of body styles, including sedans, coupes, station wagons, hatchbacks, and convertibles. Compact executive cars can also fall under the mid-size category. History The automobile that defined this size in the United States was the Rambler Six that was introduced in 1956, although it was called a "compact" car at that time. Much smaller than any standard contemporary full-size cars, it was called a compact to distinguish it from the small imported cars that were being introduced into the marketplace. By the early 1960s, the car was renamed the Rambler Classic and while it retained its basic dimensions, it was now competing with an array of new "intermediat ...
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Emgrand Vehicles
Emgrand was an automobile marque owned by the Chinese automotive manufacturer Geely. It was launched in August 2009 and discontinued in 2014 after its products were rebranded as Geely Auto, Geely. Emgrand ceased to be a separate brand and was demoted to being a model name under the Geely brand. History The ''Emgrand'' marque was publicly unveiled at the 2009 Auto Shanghai autoshow, together with two other new Geely brands, Englon and Gleagle. The first Emgrand EC7 production models for retail sale were completed in July 2009 at the Geely plant in Ningbo, Zhejiang. The EC7 went on sale in China in mid-August 2009 as the marque's launch model. The second Emgrand production model, the Emgrand EC8, was launched in October 2010. In December 2011 it was announced that Emgrand would be launched in the United Kingdom in late-2012, with the Emgrand EC7 planned to be the first model to go on sale. Emgrand vehicles were intended to be distributed in the UK by Manganese Bronze Holdings (whic ...
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Reverse Engineered
Reverse engineering (also known as backwards engineering or back engineering) is a process or method through which one attempts to understand through deductive reasoning how a previously made device, process, system, or piece of software accomplishes a task with very little (if any) insight into exactly how it does so. Depending on the system under consideration and the technologies employed, the knowledge gained during reverse engineering can help with repurposing obsolete objects, doing security analysis, or learning how something works. Although the process is specific to the object on which it is being performed, all reverse engineering processes consist of three basic steps: information extraction, modeling, and review. Information extraction is the practice of gathering all relevant information for performing the operation. Modeling is the practice of combining the gathered information into an abstract model, which can be used as a guide for designing the new object or syst ...
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Cadillac CTS
The Cadillac CTS is a luxury car, manufactured and marketed by General Motors from 2003 until 2019 across three generations. Initially available as a 4-door sedan using the GM Sigma platform, GM offered the second generation CTS in 4-door sedan, 2-door coupe, and 5-door sport wagon, and the third generation as a sedan, using a stretched version of the GM Alpha platform. High performance sedan variants were offered for each generation, as the CTS-V—with wagon and coupe variants offered for the second generation. In a 2003 report titled ''The 90 days that shaped Cadillac'', '' Automotive News'' noted that the first generation CTS marked a $4B investment by General Motors to set a new course for Cadillac styling, introduce a new rear-drive platform, and importantly, re-establish the brand's relevancy. Wayne Cherry and Kip Wasenko designed the exterior of the first generation CTS, marking the production debut of a design language marketed as "Art and Science," first used ...
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Toyota Camry (XV40)
The Toyota Camry (XV40) is a mid-size car produced by Toyota from January 2006 to October 2011. Replacing the XV30 series, the XV40 represented the sixth generation of the Toyota Camry in all markets outside Japan, which followed a different generational lineage. Between 2006 and 2010, a badge engineered model called Daihatsu Altis sold alongside the Camry in Japan. Toyota replaced the XV40 series in 2011 with the XV50. Introduced at the January 2006 North American International Auto Show, the XV40 made its North American sales debut in March 2006 as a 2007 model. For the first time, a gasoline/electric hybrid version of Camry was offered in addition to the naturally aspirated four- and six-cylinder engines. Like the previous XV30 model, the XV40 was offered in two distinct forms. The Camry sold in Australasia and North America was the same as the version available in Japan; the version sold in China and the majority of Southeast Asia was based on the Australian-designed X ...
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Large Family Car
The D-segment is the 4th category of the European segments for passenger cars, and is described as "large cars". It is equivalent to the Euro NCAP "large family car" size class, and the present-day definition of the mid-size car category used in North America. Compact executive cars are part of the D-segment size category. D-segment sales represented about 7% of the market in the 2010s. Characteristics Most D-segment cars are sedans/saloons or wagons/estates but hatchbacks, and coupes have been common. Pricing and specification of D-segment cars can vary greatly, from basic low-cost transport to more luxurious and expensive models. As of 2021 the typical D-segment category size ranges from about . Current models D-segment cars in Europe are the BMW 3 Series, Mercedes-Benz C-Class, Audi A4/S4/RS4, Mazda6, Škoda Superb, Volvo S60/V60, Jaguar XE, Citroën C5, Peugeot 508, Audi A5/S5/RS5, BMW 4 Series, Volkswagen Arteon, Honda Accord, Toyota Camry and ...
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Mid-size Sedan
Mid-size—also known as intermediate—is a vehicle size class which originated in the United States and is used for cars larger than compact cars and smaller than full-size cars. "Large family car" is a UK term and a part of the D-segment in the European car classification. Mid-size cars are manufactured in a variety of body styles, including sedan (automobile), sedans, coupes, station wagons, hatchbacks, and convertibles. Compact executive cars can also fall under the mid-size category. History The automobile that defined this size in the United States was the Rambler Six that was introduced in 1956, although it was called a "compact" car at that time. Much smaller than any standard contemporary full-size cars, it was called a compact to distinguish it from the small imported cars that were being introduced into the marketplace. By the early 1960s, the car was renamed the Rambler Classic and while it retained its basic dimensions, it was now competing with an array of ne ...
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Automatic Transmission
An automatic transmission (AT) or automatic gearbox is a multi-speed transmission (mechanics), transmission used in motor vehicles that does not require any input from the driver to change forward gears under normal driving conditions. The 1904 Sturtevant "horseless carriage gearbox" is often considered to be the first true automatic transmission. The first mass-produced automatic transmission is the General Motors ''Hydramatic'' two-speed hydraulic automatic, which was introduced in 1939. Automatic transmissions are especially prevalent in vehicular drivetrains, particularly those subject to intense mechanical acceleration and frequent idle/transient operating conditions; commonly commercial/passenger/utility vehicles, such as buses and waste collection vehicles. Prevalence Vehicles with internal combustion engines, unlike electric vehicles, require the engine to operate in a narrow range of rates of rotation, requiring a gearbox, operated manually or automatically, to drive t ...
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