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Ecphora
Ecphora is the common name for a group of extinct predatory marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusks within the family Muricidae, the rocks snails or murexes. The common name is based on the first officially described genus, ''Ecphora (genus), Ecphora''. The entire lineage of these Ocenebrinae, ocenebrinid murexes are descended from the Eocene murex, ''Tritonopsis''. Ecphoras are indigenous to the North American East Coast of the United States, Eastern Seaboard, being found in marine strata from the Late Eocene until their extinction during the Pliocene. Many ecphora species are important index fossils. Etymology The name "Ecphora" is Greek, meaning "bearing out." The word was originally used by Vitruvius to signify the projecture of a member or moulding of a column, and here refers to the distinctive "T-shaped" ribs that project from the shell.Oxford English Dictionary, "Ecphora" entry. Subdivisions There are at least 70 recognized species in eight genera, and one subgen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ecphora (genus)
''Ecphora'' is a genus of extinct predatory Ocenebrinae, ocenebrinid murexes indigenous to the North American East Coast of the United States, Eastern Seaboard from Miocene until their extinction during the Pliocene. The common name for this genus and a group of related genera is "ecphora"(s). Etymology The name "Ecphora" is Greek, meaning "bearing out." The word was originally used by Vitruvius to signify the projecture of a member or moulding of a column, and here refers to the distinctive "T-shaped" ribs that project from the shell.Oxford English Dictionary, "Ecphora" entry. Subdivisions As originally proposed by Petuch in 1988, ''Trisecphora'' was regarded as a subgenus of ''Ecphora'' (''sensu stricto''), as was the genus ''Latecphora''. However, further study (by Petuch) of these two subgenera lead to their promotion to genera proper. However, ''Planecphora'' Petuch 2004 was originally proposed as a full genus, but was then demoted to subgenus. Currently, ''Ecphora'' is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trisecphora
''Trisecphora'' is a genus of extinct predatory ocenebrinid murexes indigenous to the Miocene coastline of what is now Maryland, North Carolina, and Virginia from the Aquitanian epoch until their extinction near the end of the Serravallian epoch. The common name for this genus and their relatives is "ecphora"(s). Etymology The name "Ecphora" is Greek, meaning "bearing out." The word was originally used by Vitruvius to signify the projecture of a member or moulding of a column, and here refers to the distinctive "T-shaped" ribs that project from the shell.Oxford English Dictionary, "Ecphora" entry. The prefix "tris" is added to denote how all members of the genus have three ribs. Subdivisions As originally proposed by Petuch in 1988, ''Trisecphora'' was presented as a precursor subgenus of ''Ecphora'' (''sensu stricto''), even though a subgenus can not technically precede the genus that contains it. Later, Petuch would promote ''Trisecphora'' to the status of fu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ocenebrinae
Ocenebrinae is a taxonomic subfamily of predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks. This subfamily is within the large family Muricidae, which are commonly known as the murex and rock snails. In one other version of current gastropod taxonomy, three of these genera are grouped by themselves in a small subfamily called Haustrinae. Genera Genera within the subfamily Ocenebrinae include: * ''Acanthina'' * '' Acanthinucella'' * '' Africanella'' * ''Agnewia'' * '' Austrotrophon'' Dall, 1902 * '' Calcitrapessa'' * ''Ceratostoma'' * '' Chicocenebra'' * '' Chorus'' **'' Chorus giganteus'' * '' Crassilabrum'' * '' Eupleura'' * ''Favartia'' * '' Forreria'' * '' Genkaimurex'' * '' Hadriania'' * '' Haustrum'' * '' Inermicosta'' * '' Jaton'' * '' Lepsiella'' * '' Lepsithais'' * ''Mexacanthina'' Marko & Vermeij, 1999 * ''Muregina'' Vermeij, 1998 * ''Muricopsis'' * '' Namamurex'' * ''Neothais'' * '' Nucella'' * ''Ocenebra'' * ''Ocenotrophon'' McLean, 1995 * ''Ocinebrellus'' Jouss ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rapaninae
Rapaninae is a subfamily of predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Muricidae.Houart, R. (2011). Rapaninae. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=196295 on 2011-03-01 This subfamily was known as Thaidinae until 1993. Shell description The shells of species in this subfamily typically do not have a varix, but strong axial sculpture is often present. Genera Genera within the subfamily Rapaninae include: * ''Acanthais'' Vermeij & Kool, 1994 * ''Agnewia'' Woods, 1878 * ''Concholepas'' Lamarck, 1801 * ''Cymia'' Mörch, 1860 * ''Dicathais'' Iredale, 1936 * '' Drupa'' Röding, 1798 * ''Drupina'' Dall, 1923 * † ''Ecphora'' Conrad, 1843 * ''Indothais'' Claremont, Vermeij, Williams & Reid, 2013 * ''Jopas'' F. C. Baker, 1895 * ''Mancinella'' Link, 1807 * ''Menathais'' Iredale, 1937 * ''Nassa'' Röding, 1798 * '' Neorapana'' Cooke, 1918 * ''Neothais'' Iredale, 1912 * '' Phycot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eocene
The Eocene ( ) Epoch is a geological epoch that lasted from about 56 to 33.9 million years ago (mya). It is the second epoch of the Paleogene Period in the modern Cenozoic Era. The name ''Eocene'' comes from the Ancient Greek (''ēṓs'', " dawn") and (''kainós'', "new") and refers to the "dawn" of modern ('new') fauna that appeared during the epoch. The Eocene spans the time from the end of the Paleocene Epoch to the beginning of the Oligocene Epoch. The start of the Eocene is marked by a brief period in which the concentration of the carbon isotope 13C in the atmosphere was exceptionally low in comparison with the more common isotope 12C. The end is set at a major extinction event called the ''Grande Coupure'' (the "Great Break" in continuity) or the Eocene–Oligocene extinction event, which may be related to the impact of one or more large bolides in Siberia and in what is now Chesapeake Bay. As with other geologic periods, the strata that define the start and e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oligocene
The Oligocene ( ) is a geologic epoch of the Paleogene Period and extends from about 33.9 million to 23 million years before the present ( to ). As with other older geologic periods, the rock beds that define the epoch are well identified but the exact dates of the start and end of the epoch are slightly uncertain. The name Oligocene was coined in 1854 by the German paleontologist Heinrich Ernst Beyrich from his studies of marine beds in Belgium and Germany. The name comes from the Ancient Greek (''olígos'', "few") and (''kainós'', "new"), and refers to the sparsity of extant forms of molluscs. The Oligocene is preceded by the Eocene Epoch and is followed by the Miocene The Miocene ( ) is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and means "less recent" ... Epoch. The Oligocene is the third and final epoch of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miocene
The Miocene ( ) is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and means "less recent" because it has 18% fewer modern marine invertebrates than the Pliocene has. The Miocene is preceded by the Oligocene and is followed by the Pliocene. As Earth went from the Oligocene through the Miocene and into the Pliocene, the climate slowly cooled towards a series of ice ages. The Miocene boundaries are not marked by a single distinct global event but consist rather of regionally defined boundaries between the warmer Oligocene and the cooler Pliocene Epoch. During the Early Miocene, the Arabian Peninsula collided with Eurasia, severing the connection between the Mediterranean and Indian Ocean, and allowing a faunal interchange to occur between Eurasia and Africa, including the dispersal of proboscideans into Eurasia. During the la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vitruvius
Vitruvius (; c. 80–70 BC – after c. 15 BC) was a Roman architect and engineer during the 1st century BC, known for his multi-volume work entitled '' De architectura''. He originated the idea that all buildings should have three attributes: , , and ("strength", "utility", and "beauty"). These principles were later widely adopted in Roman architecture. His discussion of perfect proportion in architecture and the human body led to the famous Renaissance drawing of the '' Vitruvian Man'' by Leonardo da Vinci. Little is known about Vitruvius' life, but by his own descriptionDe Arch. Book 1, preface. section 2. he served as an artilleryman, the third class of arms in the Roman military offices. He probably served as a senior officer of artillery in charge of ''doctores ballistarum'' (artillery experts) and ''libratores'' who actually operated the machines. As an army engineer he specialized in the construction of ''ballista'' and '' scorpio'' artillery war machines for si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
