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Dobravac
Dobravac ( sr-cyr, Добравац; 1280) or Dobravec (Добравец) was a Serbian nobleman serving in the crown land of Hum, with the title of ''tepčija''. He is mentioned in a document dated 1280 as serving the countess of Hum (). He had a clerk or assistant, Mojše, who sold two of his bondmaids in Ragusa (Dubrovnik) that year. Although Dobravac's jurisdiction is unknown from the quotation, he was not a '' veliki tepčija'' (serving the king directly); his office was limited to the Hum land, but his type of work was the same as that of the ''veliki tepčija''. The ''tepčija'' had executive authorities; his '' otroci'' ( ''otrok''), were servants, lesser in rank but not slaves. Annotations The name is an old Serbian name, found in medieval epigraphy Epigraphy () is the study of inscriptions, or epigraphs, as writing; it is the science of identifying graphemes, clarifying their meanings, classifying their uses according to dates and cultural contexts, and drawing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tepčija
Tepčija ( sr-Cyrl, тепчија) was a court title of Medieval Croatia, Croatia, Medieval Serbia, Serbia and Medieval Bosnia, Bosnia in the Middle Ages. The functions and position in the court is unclear. It was first mentioned in Croatia in the second half of the 11th century, and later in Serbia in the first half of the 13th century, and in Bosnia during 13th and 14th century. The title-holder took care of the country's feudal estates. There were two or three levels in title, the ''veliki tepčija'' (grand), "''tepčija''" and ''Mali tepčija'' (lower). "Veliki tepčija" took care of the royal estates. ''Tepčija'' had a similar office to that of the ''kaznac'' , and cared of all major feudal estates bar that which belonged to the Court. "Tepčija" had executive authorities. His servants were called ''otroci'' ( ''otrok''). The Serbian court hierarchy at the time of king Stefan Milutin (r. 1282–1321) was as follows: ''stavilac'', ''čelnik'', ''kaznac'', ''tepčija'' and ''vo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zahumlje
Zachlumia or Zachumlia ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Zahumlje, Захумље, ), also Hum, was a medieval principality located in the modern-day regions of Herzegovina and southern Dalmatia (today parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia, respectively). In some periods it was a fully independent or semi-independent South Slavic principality. It maintained relations with various foreign and neighbouring powers (Byzantine Empire, First Bulgarian Empire, Kingdom of Croatia, Principality of Serbia) and later was subjected (temporarily or for a longer period) to Kingdom of Hungary, Kingdom of Serbia, Kingdom of Bosnia, and at the end to the Ottoman Empire. Etymology Zachlumia is a derivative of ''Hum'', from Proto-Slavic '' *xŭlmŭ'', borrowed from a Germanic language (cf. Proto-Germanic '' *hulma-''), meaning ''"Hill"''. South Slavic ''Zahumlje'' is named after the mountain of Hum (za + Hum "behind the Hum"), above Bona, at the mouth of the Buna. The principality is named ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dubrovnik
Dubrovnik, historically known as Ragusa, is a city in southern Dalmatia, Croatia, by the Adriatic Sea. It is one of the most prominent tourist destinations in the Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean, a Port, seaport and the centre of the Dubrovnik-Neretva County. In 2021, its total population was 41,562. Recognizing its outstanding medieval architecture and fortifications, UNESCO inscribed the Old City of Dubrovnik as a World Heritage Site in 1979. The history of the city probably dates back to the 7th century, when the town known as was founded by refugees from Epidaurum (). It was under protectorate of the Byzantine Empire and later under the sovereignty of the Republic of Venice. Between the 14th and 19th centuries, Dubrovnik ruled itself as a Free state (polity), free state. The prosperity of the city was historically based on trade, maritime trade; as the capital of the maritime Republic of Ragusa, it achieved a high level of development, particularly during the 15th and 16t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sebri
The ''sebri'' ( sr-Cyrl, себри) was the lower-half social class, commoners, of the medieval Serbian state. The status of the groups comprising the class was regulated in medieval code of laws, such as '' Dušan's Code'' (1349). It included several groups, mainly divided into: *The ''meropsi'' (меропси) or ''merophe'' (меропхе), dependent farmers. Other terms included ''zemljanin'' ("earthen an, from ''zemlja'', "land"), ''Srbljin'' (from the Serb ethnonym), or ''zemljani ljudi'' ("earthen folk"). They served either the ruler, the church, or nobility. Medieval sources allows for understanding the legal position of the church's meropsi, while that of the ruler's and nobility's ''meropsi'' is deemed insufficient. The fact that there were three groups implies that their status was not identical, however, it has been established that their status did essentially not differ. *The ''vlasi'' (власи) or ''pastiri'' (пастири), dependent shepherds. The multitude ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Epigraphy
Epigraphy () is the study of inscriptions, or epigraphs, as writing; it is the science of identifying graphemes, clarifying their meanings, classifying their uses according to dates and cultural contexts, and drawing conclusions about the writing and the writers. Specifically excluded from epigraphy are the historical significance of an epigraph as a document and the artistic value of a literature, literary composition. A person using the methods of epigraphy is called an ''epigrapher'' or ''epigraphist''. For example, the Behistun inscription is an official document of the Achaemenid Empire engraved on native rock at a location in Iran. Epigraphists are responsible for reconstructing, translating, and dating the trilingual inscription and finding any relevant circumstances. It is the work of historians, however, to determine and interpret the events recorded by the inscription as document. Often, epigraphy and history are competences practised by the same person. Epigraphy is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
13th-century Serbian Nobility
The 13th century was the century which lasted from January 1, 1201 (represented by the Roman numerals MCCI) through December 31, 1300 (MCCC) in accordance with the Julian calendar. The Mongol Empire was founded by Genghis Khan, which stretched from Eastern Asia to Eastern Europe. The conquests of Hulagu Khan and other Mongol invasions changed the course of the Muslim world, most notably the Siege of Baghdad (1258) and the destruction of the House of Wisdom. Other Muslim powers such as the Mali Empire and Delhi Sultanate conquered large parts of West Africa and the Indian subcontinent, while Buddhism witnessed a decline through the conquest led by Bakhtiyar Khilji. The earliest Islamic states in Southeast Asia formed during this century, most notably Samudera Pasai. The Kingdoms of Sukhothai and Hanthawaddy would emerge and go on to dominate their surrounding territories. Europe entered the apex of the High Middle Ages, characterized by rapid legal, cultural, and religious evol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People From The Kingdom Of Serbia (medieval)
The term "the people" refers to the public or common mass of people of a polity. As such it is a concept of human rights law, international law as well as constitutional law, particularly used for claims of popular sovereignty. In contrast, a people is any plurality of persons considered as a whole. Used in politics and law, the term "a people" refers to the collective or community of an ethnic group or nation. Concepts Legal Chapter One, Article One of the Charter of the United Nations states that "peoples" have the right to self-determination. Though the mere status as peoples and the right to self-determination, as for example in the case of Indigenous peoples (''peoples'', as in all groups of indigenous people, not merely all indigenous persons as in ''indigenous people''), does not automatically provide for independent sovereignty and therefore secession. Indeed, judge Ivor Jennings identified the inherent problems in the right of "peoples" to self-determination, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
13th-century Births
The 13th century was the century which lasted from January 1, 1201 (represented by the Roman numerals MCCI) through December 31, 1300 (MCCC) in accordance with the Julian calendar. The Mongol Empire was founded by Genghis Khan, which stretched from Eastern Asia to Eastern Europe. The conquests of Hulagu Khan and other Mongol invasions changed the course of the Muslim world, most notably the Siege of Baghdad (1258) and the destruction of the House of Wisdom. Other Muslim powers such as the Mali Empire and Delhi Sultanate conquered large parts of West Africa and the Indian subcontinent, while Buddhism witnessed a decline through the conquest led by Bakhtiyar Khilji. The earliest Islamic states in Southeast Asia formed during this century, most notably Samudera Pasai. The Kingdoms of Sukhothai and Hanthawaddy would emerge and go on to dominate their surrounding territories. Europe entered the apex of the High Middle Ages, characterized by rapid legal, cultural, and religious ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
13th-century Deaths
The 13th century was the century which lasted from January 1, 1201 (represented by the Roman numerals MCCI) through December 31, 1300 (MCCC) in accordance with the Julian calendar. The Mongol Empire was founded by Genghis Khan, which stretched from Eastern Asia to Eastern Europe. The conquests of Hulagu Khan and other Mongol invasions changed the course of the Muslim world, most notably the Siege of Baghdad (1258) and the destruction of the House of Wisdom. Other Muslim powers such as the Mali Empire and Delhi Sultanate conquered large parts of West Africa and the Indian subcontinent, while Buddhism witnessed a decline through the conquest led by Bakhtiyar Khilji. The earliest Islamic states in Southeast Asia formed during this century, most notably Samudera Pasai Sultanate, Samudera Pasai. The Kingdoms of Sukhothai Kingdom, Sukhothai and Hanthawaddy Kingdom, Hanthawaddy would emerge and go on to dominate their surrounding territories. Europe entered the apex of the High Middle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
