Dihydroxytoluene
Methylbenzenediol, also known as dihydroxytoluene, may refer to: * 3-Methylcatechol (3-methylbenzene-1,2-diol or 2,3-dihydroxytoluene) * 4-Methylcatechol (4-methylbenzene-1,2-diol or 3,4-dihydroxytoluene) * 2-methylbenzene-1,3-diol * 4-methylbenzene-1,3-diol * Orcinol (5-methylbenzene-1,3-diol or 3,5-dihydroxytoluene) * 2-methylbenzene-1,4-diol * 3-methylbenzene-1,4-diol See also * Cresol (methylphenol, hydroxytoluene) * Trihydroxytoluene Dihydroxytoluene may refer to: * 2,3,4-trihydroxytoluene (caricaphenyl triol) of the papaya plant * 2,3,5-trihydroxytoluene, a product of orcinol catalysis See also * Hydroxytoluene * Dihydroxytoluene * Trinitrotoluene Trinitrotoluene (), ...

3-Methylcatechol
3-Methylcatechol is a chemical compound, a methylbenzenediol. Metabolism The enzyme 1,2-dihydroxy-6-methylcyclohexa-3,5-dienecarboxylate dehydrogenase uses 1,2-dihydroxy-6-methylcyclohexa-3,5-dienecarboxylate and NAD+ to produce 3-methylcatechol, NADH and CO2. The isofunctional enzymes of catechol 1,2-dioxygenase from species of '' Acinetobacter'', '' Pseudomonas'', ''Nocardia'', '' Alcaligenes'' and ''Corynebacterium'' oxidize 3-methylcatechol according to both the intradiol and extradiol cleavage patterns. However, the enzyme preparations from '' Brevibacterium'' and ''Arthrobacter'' have only the intradiol cleavage activity.Extradiol Cleavage of 3-Methylcatechol by Catechol 1,2-Dioxygenase from Various Microorganisms. C. T. Hou, R. Patel and M. O. Lillard, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., March 1977, volume 33, issue 3, pages 725-727abstract Related compounds The 3-methylcatechol structural motif is rare in natural products. Known examples include calopin and a δ- lacton ...
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Orcinol
Orcinol is an organic compound with the formula CH3C6H3(OH)2. It occurs in many species of lichens including ''Roccella tinctoria'' and ''Lecanora''. Orcinol has been detected in the "toxic glue" of the ant species '' Camponotus saundersi''. It is a colorless solid. It is related to resorcinol, 1,3-C6H4(OH)2. Synthesis and reactions Orcinol was first prepared by dehydroacetic acid, a conversion that involved ring-opening of the pyrone to a triketone. This early experiment helped establish the rich condensation chemistry of polyketides. It can be obtained by fusing extract of aloes with potash, followed by acidification. It undergoes O-methylation with dimethylsulfate. It is used in the production of the dye orcein and as a reagent in some chemical tests for pentoses, such as Bial's Test. It may be synthesized from toluene; more interesting is its production when acetone dicarboxylic ester is condensed with the aid of sodium. It crystallizes in colorless prisms with one mo ...
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Cresol
Cresols (also hydroxytoluene or cresylic acid) are a group of aromatic organic compounds. They are widely-occurring phenols (sometimes called ''phenolics'') which may be either natural or manufactured. They are also categorized as methylphenols. Cresols commonly occur as either solids or liquids because their melting points are generally close to room temperature. Like other types of phenols, they are slowly oxidized by exposure to air, and the resulting impurities often give the samples a yellow to brownish red tint. Cresols have an odor characteristic to that of other simple phenols, reminiscent to some of a "coal tar" smell. The name "cresol" is an adduct of phenol and their traditional source, creosote. Structure and production In its chemical structure, a molecule of cresol has a methyl group substituted onto the ring of phenol. There are three forms (isomers) of cresol: ''ortho''-cresol ( ''o''-cresol), ''meta''-cresol ( ''m''-cresol), and ''para''-cresol ( ''p''-cresol). ...
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