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Democratic Jewish Union
The Democratic Jewish Union ( lt, Žydų demokratinis susivienijimas, ŽDS) was a political coalition in inter-war Lithuania. History The ZDS contested the Constituent Assembly elections in Lithuania in 1920, receiving 6.6% of the vote and winning six seats.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1218 The six elected members were Rosenbaum (Zionist), Soloveitzik (Zionist), Dr. N. Rachmilewitz ( Achdut-Agudat Israel), R. Abraham Popelas (Achdut-Agudat Israel), Nachman Fridman (Folkspartei) and Ozer Finkelstein (Folkspartei). After Fridman's death he was replaced in the assembly by Samuel Landau. The party did not contest the 1922 or 1923 elections, but returned in 1926, when it won three seats. However, a military coup saw the Seimas The Seimas of the Republic of Lithuania ( lt, Lietuvos Respublikos Seimas), or simply the Seimas (), is the unicameral parliament of Lithuania. The Seimas constitutes the legislative branch of governm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lithuanian Jews
Lithuanian Jews or Litvaks () are Jews with roots in the territory of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania (covering present-day Lithuania, Belarus, Latvia, the northeastern Suwałki Region, Suwałki and Białystok regions of Poland, as well as adjacent areas of modern-day Russia and Ukraine). The term is sometimes used to cover all Haredi Jews who follow a "Lithuanian Yiddish, Lithuanian" (Ashkenazi Jews, Ashkenazi, non-Hasidic Judaism, Hasidic) style of life and learning, whatever their ethnic background. The area where Lithuanian Jews lived is referred to in Yiddish as , hence the Hebrew term (). No other famous Jew is more closely linked to a specifically Lithuanian city than Vilna Gaon (in Yiddish, "the genius of Vilna"). Rabbi Elijah ben Solomon Zalman (1720–1797) to give his rarely used full name, helped make Vilna (modern-day Vilnius) a world center for Talmudic learning. Chaim Grade (1910–1982) was born in Vilna, the city about which he would write. The inter-war ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lithuania
Lithuania (; lt, Lietuva ), officially the Republic of Lithuania ( lt, Lietuvos Respublika, links=no ), is a country in the Baltic region of Europe. It is one of three Baltic states and lies on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea. Lithuania shares land borders with Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east and south, Poland to the south, and Russia to the southwest. It has a maritime border with Sweden to the west on the Baltic Sea. Lithuania covers an area of , with a population of 2.8 million. Its capital and largest city is Vilnius; other major cities are Kaunas and Klaipėda. Lithuanians belong to the ethno-linguistic group of the Balts and speak Lithuanian, one of only a few living Baltic languages. For millennia the southeastern shores of the Baltic Sea were inhabited by various Baltic tribes. In the 1230s, Lithuanian lands were united by Mindaugas, becoming king and founding the Kingdom of Lithuania on 6 July 1253. In the 14th century, the Grand Duchy of Li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1920 Lithuanian Parliamentary Election
Elections for the Constituent Assembly were held in Lithuania between 14 and 16 April 1920.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1201 The Lithuanian Christian Democratic Party emerged as the largest party, winning 24 of the 112 seats.Nohlen & Stöver, p1218 Results References {{Lithuanian elections Lithuania Parliament In modern politics, and history, a parliament is a legislative body of government. Generally, a modern parliament has three functions: representing the electorate, making laws, and overseeing the government via hearings and inquiries. ... Parliamentary elections in Lithuania Lithuania ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dieter Nohlen
Dieter Nohlen (born 6 November 1939) is a German academic and political scientist. He currently holds the position of Emeritus Professor of Political Science in the Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences of the University of Heidelberg. An expert on electoral systems and political development, he has published several books. IDEA Bibliography Books published by Nohlen include: *''Electoral systems of the world'' (in German, 1978) *''Lexicon of politics'' (seven volumes) *''Elections and Electoral Systems'' (1996) *''Elections in Africa: A Data Handbook'' (1999 with Michael Krennerich and Bernhard Thibaut) *''Elections in Asia and the Pacific: A Data Handbook'' (2001 with and Christof Hartmann) ** ''Volume 2: South East Asia, East Asia, and the Pacific'' (2002), *''Vo ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simon Yakovlevich Rosenbaum
Simon Yakovlevich Rosenbaum (1860 in Pinsk, Russian Empire – 1934 in Tel Aviv, Palestine), was a Jewish activist and attorney, member of the First State Duma of the Russian Empire in 1906–1907, Lithuanian Minister for Jewish Affairs from June 29, 1923 to his resignation on February 12, 1924 and Lithuania Lithuania (; lt, Lietuva ), officially the Republic of Lithuania ( lt, Lietuvos Respublika, links=no ), is a country in the Baltic region of Europe. It is one of three Baltic states and lies on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea. Lithuania ...n consul in Palestine. References {{DEFAULTSORT:Rosenbaum, Simon 1859 births 1934 deaths People from Pinsk People from Pinsky Uyezd Belarusian Jews Jews from the Russian Empire Russian Constitutional Democratic Party members Members of the 1st State Duma of the Russian Empire Members of the Seimas Minister for Jewish Affairs of Lithuania Honorary consuls of Lithuania Zionists Lithuanian emigrants to Mandatory ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Achdus
Jewish People's Party "Achdus" ( lt, Žydų liaudies partija "Achdus") was a political party in inter-war Lithuania. History The party contested the first 1922 parliamentary elections, receiving 2.1% of the vote and winning three seats.Dieter Nohlen Dieter Nohlen (born 6 November 1939) is a German academic and political scientist. He currently holds the position of Emeritus Professor of Political Science in the Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences of the University of Heidelberg. An ex ... & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1218 However, it received only 53 votes in the 1923 elections and lost its parliamentary representation. It did not contest any further elections.Nohlen & Stöver, p1206 References {{Authority control Defunct political parties in Lithuania Jews and Judaism in Lithuania Jewish political parties Political parties of minorities Political parties with year of establishment missing Political parties with year of d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Agudath Israel
World Agudath Israel ( he, אגודת ישראל), usually known as the Aguda, was established in the early twentieth century as the political arm of Ashkenazi Torah Judaism. It succeeded ''Agudas Shlumei Emunei Yisroel'' (Union of Faithful Jewry) in 1912. Its base of support was located in Eastern Europe before the Second World War but, due to the revival of the Hasidic movement, it included Orthodox Jews throughout Europe. Prior to World War II and the Holocaust, Agudath Israel operated a number of Jewish educational institutions throughout Europe. After the war, it has continued to operate such institutions in the United States as Agudath Israel of America, and in Israel. Agudath Israel is guided by its Moetzes Gedolei HaTorah (Council of Sages) in Israel and the USA. History Katowice Conference World Agudath Israel was established by Jewish religious leaders at a conference held at Kattowitz (Katowice) in 1912. They were concerned that the Tenth Zionist Congress had d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naphtali Friedman
Naphtali Friedman (sometimes also spelled Naftali; 15 May 1863, Juodžiai, Kovno Governorate - 5 May 1921) was a Jewish Lithuanian lawyer and politician. Elected as a Russian Constitutional Democratic Party deputy representing Kovno Governorate to the Third (1907-1912, out of 2 Jewish deputies) and Fourth (1912-1917, out of 3 Jewish deputies) State Duma of the Russian Empire.Dov LevinThe Litvaks: a short history of the Jews in Lithuania Berghahn Books, 2000 , In 1914 he made a speech in which he claimed that the Jews would fight until the victory of the Russian Empire was achieved. He was also elected on April 19, 1920 to the Constituent Assembly of Lithuania The Constituent Assembly of Lithuania ( lt, Steigiamasis Seimas) was the first parliament of the independent state of Lithuania to be elected in a direct, democratic, general, secret election. The Assembly assumed its duties on 15 May 1920 and w ... on a common Jewish ticket and died in 1921. References 1863 birt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Folkspartei
The Folkspartei ( yi, ייִדישע פֿאָלקספּאַרטײַ, , Jewish People's Party) was founded after the 1905 pogroms in the Russian Empire by Simon Dubnow and Israel Efrojkin. The party took part in several elections in Poland and Lithuania in the 1920s and 1930s and did not survive the Holocaust. Ideology According to the historian Simon Dubnow (1860-1941), Jews are a nation on the spiritual and intellectual level and should strive towards their national and cultural autonomy in the Jewish diaspora ( Yiddish ''gales'') in some way a secularized and modernized version of the Council of Four Lands under the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. He said, "How then should Jewish autonomy assert itself? It must, of course, be in full agreement with the character of the Jewish national idea. Jewry, as a spiritual or cultural nation, cannot in the Diaspora seek territorial or political separatism, but only a social or a national-cultural autonomy." Close to the General Je ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1922 Lithuanian Parliamentary Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Lithuania on 10 and 11 October 1922,Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p. 1201 electing 78 members of the First Seimas. They were the first elections held in Lithuania under the 1922 constitution, which had been adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 1 August 1922. 38 out of 78 seats were won by a bloc of parties led by the Christian Democrats, and they acquired both the positions of President and Prime Minister, occupied by Aleksandras Stulginskis and Ernestas Galvanauskas respectively. In both cases, however, the Christian Democrats were not supported by any party in the opposition and could only form a minority government. Unable to work with such a makeup, the First Seimas was dissolved on 12 March 1923. Electoral system The law on the conduct of Seimas elections was promulgated by the Constituent Assembly on 19 July 1922, and published in the official newspaper of the government, "Vyriaus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1923 Lithuanian Parliamentary Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Lithuania on 12 and 13 May 1923.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1201 The Lithuanian Popular Peasants' Union emerged as the largest party in the second Seimas, winning 16 of the 78 seats.Nohlen & Stöver, p1218 Labour Federation, Lithuanian Christian Democratic Party and the Farmers' Association managed to achieve absolute majority in the Seimas. Results References {{Lithuanian elections Lithuania Parliamentary A parliamentary system, or parliamentarian democracy, is a system of democratic governance of a state (or subordinate entity) where the executive derives its democratic legitimacy from its ability to command the support ("confidence") of the ... Lithuania Parliamentary elections in Lithuania ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1926 Lithuanian Parliamentary Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Lithuania between 8 and 10 May 1926.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1201 The Lithuanian Popular Peasants' Union remained the largest party, winning 24 of the 85 seats in the third Seimas.Nohlen & Stöver, p1218 They formed a left-wing coalition government with the Social Democratic Party of Lithuania, which was overthrown in a military coup in December.Nohlen & Stöver, p1188 The Seimas was subsequently disbanded and Lithuanian Nationalist Union leader Antanas Smetona Antanas Smetona (; 10 August 1874 – 9 January 1944) was a Lithuanian intellectual and journalist and the first President of Lithuania from 1919 to 1920 and again from 1926 to 1940, before its occupation by the Soviet Union. He was one of the m ... was appointed President. Results References {{Lithuanian elections Lithuania 1926 in Lithuania May 1926 events Parliamentary elections in Lithuania ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
