|
David H. Blackwell
David Harold Blackwell (April 24, 1919 – July 8, 2010) was an American statistician and mathematician who made significant contributions to game theory, probability theory, information theory, and statistics. He is one of the eponyms of the Rao–Blackwell theorem, and is also known for the Blackwell channel, Blackwell's contraction mapping theorem, Blackwell's approachability theorem, and the Blackwell order. He was the first African American inducted into the National Academy of Sciences, the first African American full professor with tenure at the University of California, Berkeley, and the seventh African American to receive a Ph.D. in mathematics. In 2012, President Barack Obama posthumously awarded Blackwell the National Medal of Science. Blackwell was also a pioneer in textbook writing. He wrote one of the first Bayesian statistics textbooks, his 1969 ''Basic Statistics''. By the time he retired, he had published over 90 papers and books on dynamic programming, gam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Centralia, Illinois
Centralia is a city in Clinton, Jefferson, Marion, and Washington counties in the U.S. state of Illinois with the largest portion in Marion County. The city is the largest in three counties, Clinton, Marion, and Washington, but it is not a county seat for any of them. The population was 12,182 as of the 2020 census, down from 13,032 in 2010. History Centralia is named for the Illinois Central Railroad, built in 1853. The city was founded where the two original branches of the railroad converged. Centralia was first chartered as a city in 1859. Now Canadian National owns the line. The intersection of the Third Principal Meridian and its baseline is in the southern city limits. This initial point was established in 1815, and it governs land surveys for about 60% of the state of Illinois, including Chicago. The original monument is at the junction of Highway 51 and the Marion-Jefferson County Line Road; today there is a small easement situated in the northeast corner of thi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blackwell's Informativeness Theorem
In the mathematical subjects of information theory and decision theory, Blackwell's informativeness theorem is an important result related to the ranking of information structures, or experiments. It states that there is an equivalence between three possible rankings of information structures: one based in ''expected utility'', one based in '' informativeness'', and one based in '' feasibility''. This ranking defines a partial order over information structures known as the Blackwell order, or Blackwell's criterion. The theorem states equivalent conditions under which any expected utility maximizing decision maker prefers information structure \sigma over \sigma ', for any decision problem. The result was first proven by David Blackwell in 1951, and generalized in 1953. Setting Decision making under uncertainty A decision maker faces a set of possible states of the world \Omega and a set of possible actions A to take. For every \omega \in \Omega and a \in A, her utility is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Roussas
George Gregory Roussas (born June 29, 1933) is a Greek-American professor emeritus in statistics at University of California, Davis. He is noted for his contributions in asymptotic statistics and stochastic processes. Education and career Roussas was born in the central Greece region of Phthiotis. He studied mathematics at University of Athens in Greece and received his BSc in 1956. Afterwards, he moved to the US, studying for a PhD in statistics at University of California, Berkeley under the supervision of David Blackwell and Lucien Le Cam. He received his PhD from Berkeley in 1964. Roussas started his academic career in the statistics faculty at San Jose State University in 1964 as an assistant professor. He then moved to University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1966, where he progressed from an assistant professor to a full professor in 1972. During this time, he also took up administrative position at University of Patras and University of Crete in his home country, Greece. Ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rolando Chuaqui
Rolando Basim Chuaqui Kettlun (December 30, 1935–April 23, 1994) was a Chilean mathematician who worked on the foundations of probabilities and foundations of mathematics. Throughout his lifetime, he published two books and over 50 journal articles in mathematics and logic. He also spearheaded the creation and expansion of mathematics departments across multiple Chilean universities. Biography Chuaqui was born into a Syrian immigrant family from Homs in Syria. He entered the University of Chile in 1953 to study medicine. He obtained a Ph.D. in Logic and the Methodology of Science, an interdisciplinary program between the Department of Mathematics and Department of Philosophy, from the University of California, Berkeley in 1965. His doctoral advisor was David Blackwell. Chuaqui returned to Chile after graduating, serving as a professor at the University of Chile and then the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile. During his time at the Pontifical Catholic, he advised three doct ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wets" title="Click for more on -> Roger J-B Wets">Roger J-B Wets
--->
Roger J-B Wets
Roger is a masculine given name, and a surname. The given name is derived from the Old French personal names ' and '. These names are of Germanic languages, Germanic origin, derived from the elements ', ''χrōþi'' ("fame", "renown", "honour") and ', ' ("spear", "lance") (Hrōþigēraz). The name was introduced into England by the Normans. In Normandy, the Franks, Frankish name had been reinforced by the Old Norse cognate '. The name introduced into England replaced the Old English cognate '. ''Roger'' became a very common given name during the Middle Ages. A variant form of the given name ''Roger'' that is closer to the name's origin is ''Rodger''. Slang and other uses From up to , Roger was slang for the word "penis". In ''Under Milk Wood'', Dylan Thomas writes "jolly, rodgered" suggesting both the sexual double entendre and the pirate term "Jolly Roger". In 19th-century England, Roger was slang for another term, the cloud of toxic green gas that swept through the chlorin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] _Wets" target=_blank style="text-decoration:none;"> [Bing] --> _Wets" target=_blank style="text-decoration:none;"> [Yahoo] --> _Wets" target=_blank style="text-decoration:none;"> [DuckDuckGo] --> [Baidu] |
David Matula
David William Matula (born 1937) is an American mathematician and computer scientist known for his research on graph theory, graph algorithms, computer arithmetic, and algorithm engineering. He is a professor emeritus at Southern Methodist University, where he formerly held the Cruse C. and Marjorie F. Calahan Centennial Chair in Engineering. Education and career Matula was an undergraduate in Engineering physics at Washington University in St. Louis, graduating in 1959. He completed his Ph.D. in 1966 at the University of California, Berkeley, with the dissertation ''Games of Sequence Prediction'' supervised by David Blackwell David Harold Blackwell (April 24, 1919 – July 8, 2010) was an American statistician and mathematician who made significant contributions to game theory, probability theory, information theory, and statistics. He is one of the eponyms of the .... After completing his Ph.D., he returned to Washington University in St. Louis as a faculty member. He j ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Medal Of Science
The National Medal of Science is an honor bestowed by the President of the United States to individuals in science and engineering who have made important contributions to the advancement of knowledge in the fields of behavioral science, behavioral and social sciences, biology, chemistry, engineering, mathematics and physics. The twelve member presidential Committee on the National Medal of Science is responsible for selecting award recipients and is administered by the National Science Foundation (NSF). It is the highest science award in the United States. History The National Medal of Science was established on August 25, 1959, by an act of the Congress of the United States under . The medal was originally to honor scientists in the fields of the "physical, biological, mathematical, or engineering sciences". The Committee on the National Medal of Science was established on August 23, 1961, by Executive order (United States), executive order 10961 of President John F. Kennedy. O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Von Neumann Theory Prize
The John von Neumann Theory Prize of the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS) is awarded annually to an individual (or sometimes a group) who has made fundamental and sustained contributions to theory in operations research and the management sciences. The Prize named after mathematician John von Neumann is awarded for a body of work, rather than a single piece. The Prize was intended to reflect contributions that have stood the test of time. The criteria include significance, innovation, depth, and scientific excellence. The award is $5,000, a medallion and a citation. The Prize has been awarded since 1975. The first recipient was George B. Dantzig for his work on linear programming. List of recipients * 2024 Jim Dai * 2023 Christos Papadimitriou and Mihalis Yannakakis * 2022 Vijay Vazirani * 2021 Alexander Shapiro * 2020 Adrian Lewis (mathematician), Adrian Lewis * 2019 Dimitris Bertsimas and Jong-Shi Pang * 2018 Dimitri Bertsekas and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sequential Analysis
In statistics, sequential analysis or sequential hypothesis testing is statistical analysis where the sample size is not fixed in advance. Instead data is evaluated as it is collected, and further sampling is stopped in accordance with a pre-defined stopping rule as soon as significant results are observed. Thus a conclusion may sometimes be reached at a much earlier stage than would be possible with more classical hypothesis testing or estimation, at consequently lower financial and/or human cost. History The method of sequential analysis is first attributed to Abraham Wald with Jacob Wolfowitz, W. Allen Wallis, and Milton Friedman while at Columbia University, Columbia University's Applied Mathematics Panel, Statistical Research Group as a tool for more efficient industrial quality control during World War II. Its value to the war effort was immediately recognised, and led to its receiving a "restricted" Classified information, classification. At the same time, George Alfre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Recursive Economics
Recursive economics is a branch of modern economics based on a paradigm of individuals making a series of two-period optimization decisions over time. Differences between recursive and neoclassical paradigms The neoclassical model assumes a one-period utility maximization for a consumer and one-period profit maximization by a producer. The adjustment that occurs within that single time period is a subject of considerable debate within the field, and is often left unspecified. A time-series path in the neoclassical model is a series of these one-period utility maximizations. In contrast, a recursive model involves two or more periods, in which the consumer or producer trades off benefits and costs across the two time periods. This trade-off is sometimes represented in what is called an Euler equation. A time-series path in the recursive model is the result of a series of these two-period decisions. In the neoclassical model, the consumer or producer maximizes utility (or profits). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mathematical Economics
Mathematical economics is the application of Mathematics, mathematical methods to represent theories and analyze problems in economics. Often, these Applied mathematics#Economics, applied methods are beyond simple geometry, and may include differential and integral calculus, Recurrence relation, difference and differential equations, Matrix (mathematics), matrix algebra, mathematical programming, or other Computational economics, computational methods.TOC. Proponents of this approach claim that it allows the formulation of theoretical relationships with rigor, generality, and simplicity. Mathematics allows economists to form meaningful, testable propositions about wide-ranging and complex subjects which could less easily be expressed informally. Further, the language of mathematics allows economists to make specific, positiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Determinacy
Determinacy is a subfield of game theory and set theory that examines the conditions under which one or the other player of a game has a winning strategy, and the consequences of the existence of such strategies. Alternatively and similarly, "determinacy" is the property of a game whereby such a strategy exists. Determinacy was introduced by Gale and Stewart in 1950, under the name determinateness. The games studied in set theory are usually Gale–Stewart games—two-player games of perfect information in which the players make an infinite sequence of moves and there are no draws. The field of game theory studies more general kinds of games, including games with draws such as tic-tac-toe, chess, or infinite chess, or games with imperfect information such as poker. Basic notions Games The first sort of game we shall consider is the two-player game of perfect information of length ω, in which the players play natural numbers. These games are often called Gale–St ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
