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DB Class 423
The Deutsche Bahn Class 423 EMU is a light-weight articulated electric railcar for S-Bahn commuter networks in Germany. The train has similar dimensions to its predecessor, the Class 420 EMU, but is significantly lighter and has one large passenger compartment, while that of the 420 is divided into three parts. The 423 additionally has six doors in each carriage (three on each side), which is down from eight on the 420 (four on each side). They are numbered from 423 001 to 423 462. Both Munich and Frankfurt ordered Class 423s for their S-Bahn systems; they were delivered between 1999 and 2004. The 423 has spawned a family of slightly modified designs ordered for S-Bahns across Germany: the Class 422, Class 424, Class 425/426 and Class 430. Description A Class 423 unit consists of four cars that share three jacobs bogies and can only be separated at maintenance facilities. The inner two cars are designated as Class 433. A 423 unit typically consists of the following cars, wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ADtranz
Adtranz was a multi-national rail transportation equipment manufacturer with facilities concentrated in Europe and the US. The company, legally known as ABB Daimler-Benz Transportation, was created in 1996 as a joint venture between ABB and Daimler-Benz to combine their rail equipment manufacturing operations. In 1999, DaimlerChrysler (successor to Daimler-Benz) bought ABB's shares and changed the company's official name to DaimlerChrysler Rail Systems. The company was acquired by Bombardier Inc, Bombardier in 2001, which merged it into its Bombardier Transportation division, which became the largest rail equipment manufacturer in the world at the time, and was ultimately acquired by Alstom in 2021. Adtranz manufactured locomotives, high-speed, regional, metro and underground passenger trains, trams and people movers as well as freight wagons. Non-rolling stock businesses included railway electrification and signalling infrastructure. History On 8 May 1995, ABB and Daimler-Ben ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Munich S-Bahn
The Munich S-Bahn () is an Railway electrification system, electric rail transit system in Munich, Germany. "S-Bahn" is the German abbreviation for ''Stadtschnellbahn'' (literally, "urban rapid rail"), and the Munich S-Bahn exhibits characteristics of both rapid transit and commuter rail systems. The Munich S-Bahn network is operated by S-Bahn München, a subsidiary of DB Regio Bayern, which is itself a subsidiary of the German national railway company, Deutsche Bahn. It is integrated into the Munich Transport and Tariff Association (''Münchner Verkehrs- und Tarifverbund'', MVV) and interconnected throughout the city with the locally owned Munich U-Bahn. Today, the S-Bahn covers most of the populated area of the Munich metropolitan area of about 3 million inhabitants. In terms of system length, the Munich S-Bahn is the fourth-largest in Germany, behind the Rhine-Neckar S-Bahn, Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn and the S-Bahn Mitteldeutschland. The Munich S-Bahn was established on 28 May 1972. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gate Turn-off Thyristor
A gate turn-off thyristor (GTO) is a type of high-power (e.g. 1200 V AC) thyristor that unlike a normal thyristor is fully controllable and can be turned On and Off by their gate lead. It was invented by General Electric. Device description Normal thyristors ( silicon-controlled rectifiers) are not fully controllable switches (a fully controllable switch can be turned on and off at will). Thyristors can only be turned on using the gate lead, but cannot be turned off using the gate lead. Thyristors are switched on by a gate signal, but even after the gate signal is de-asserted (removed, reverse biased), the thyristor remains in the on state until a turn-off condition occurs (which can be the application of a reverse voltage to the terminals or a decrease of the forward current below a certain threshold value known as the ''holding current''). Thus, a thyristor behaves like a normal semiconductor diode after it is turned on, or ''fired''. The GTO can be turned on by a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
423seite
4 (four) is a number, numeral and digit. It is the natural number following 3 and preceding 5. It is a square number, the smallest semiprime and composite number, and is considered unlucky in many East Asian cultures. Evolution of the Hindu-Arabic digit Brahmic numerals represented 1, 2, and 3 with as many lines. 4 was simplified by joining its four lines into a cross that looks like the modern plus sign. The Shunga would add a horizontal line on top of the digit, and the Kshatrapa and Pallava evolved the digit to a point where the speed of writing was a secondary concern. The Arabs' 4 still had the early concept of the cross, but for the sake of efficiency, was made in one stroke by connecting the "western" end to the "northern" end; the "eastern" end was finished off with a curve. The Europeans dropped the finishing curve and gradually made the digit less cursive, ending up with a digit very close to the original Brahmin cross. While the shape of the character for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jacobs Bogie
Jacobs bogies (named after Wilhelm Jakobs, 1858–1942, a German Mechanical engineering, mechanical Railway engineering, railway engineer) are a type of Rail transport, rail vehicle bogie commonly found on Articulated car, articulated railcars and Tram#Articulated, tramway vehicles. Instead of being underneath a piece of rolling stock, Jacobs bogies are placed between two carriages. The weight of each carriage is spread across the Jacobs bogie. This arrangement provides the smooth ride of bogie carriages without the additional weight and drag. Talgo#Design, Talgo trains use modified Jacobs bogies, that only use two wheels, and the wheels are allowed to spin independently of each other, eliminating hunting oscillation. Background The first fast train using this type of bogie was the German Fliegender Hamburger in 1932. In the United States, such configurations were used throughout the twentieth century with some success on early streamliner, streamlined passenger trainsets, such ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DBAG Class 425
The Class 425 and Class 426 EMUs are a class of electric multiple units built by a consortium of Siemens, Bombardier and DWA, and are operated by DB Regio in Germany. They are essentially the same vehicle design, but the Class 425 EMU consists of four carriages, whereas the Class 426 EMUs only have two carriages.The class 425 has been produced in HO scale by Brawa and N scale by Kato Precision Railroad Models. Description It is a high-powered, light-weight vehicle with high acceleration for short- and medium-distance services with frequent stops. The aluminium superstructure was built as flat as possible, both to minimize drag and to ease automated cleaning. The acceleration is achieved by distributing traction motors among eight of the train's ten axles. The Class 425 are similar to Deutsche Bahn's Class 424 and Class 423 trainsets. A Class 425 unit consists of four cars that share three jacobs bogie Jacobs bogies (named after Wilhelm Jakobs, 1858–1942, a German Mechani ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DBAG Class 424
The Class 424 is a class of electric multiple units formerly used on the Hanover S-Bahn network. 16 units were reallocated for the Munich S-Bahn and 24 units for the Cologne S-Bahn. The trains were ordered for the new Hanover S-Bahn, which would serve Expo 2000 in Hanover. Description The Class 424 are similar to Deutsche Bahn's DBAG Class 425, Class 425 and DBAG Class 423, Class 423 trainsets. A Class 424 unit consists of four cars that share three jacobs bogies and can only be separated at maintenance facilities. The inner two cars are designated as Class 434. A 424 unit typically consists of the following cars, where ''x'' is the unit's number: * 424 x * 434 x * 434 (x+500) * 424 (x+500) e.g. 424 037 + 434 037 + 434 537 + 424 537. Differences usually occur when the remains of partially destroyed units are combined to form one intact EMU. They have no visual distinctions to the Class 425. However, the Class 424 has a lower maximum speed of 140 km/h comp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frankfurt
Frankfurt am Main () is the most populous city in the States of Germany, German state of Hesse. Its 773,068 inhabitants as of 2022 make it the List of cities in Germany by population, fifth-most populous city in Germany. Located in the foreland of the Taunus on its namesake Main (river), Main, it forms a continuous conurbation with Offenbach am Main; Frankfurt Rhein-Main Regional Authority, its urban area has a population of over 2.7 million. The city is the heart of the larger Rhine-Main metropolitan region, which has a population of more than 5.8 million and is Germany's Metropolitan regions in Germany, second-largest metropolitan region after the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region, Rhine-Ruhr region and the List of EU metropolitan regions by GDP#2021 ranking of top four German metropolitan regions, fourth largest metropolitan region by GDP in the European Union (EU). Frankfurt is one of the ''de facto'' four main capitals of the European Union (alongside Brussels, Luxembourg Cit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Munich
Munich is the capital and most populous city of Bavaria, Germany. As of 30 November 2024, its population was 1,604,384, making it the third-largest city in Germany after Berlin and Hamburg. Munich is the largest city in Germany that is not a state of its own. It ranks as the 11th-largest city in the European Union. The metropolitan area has around 3 million inhabitants, and the broader Munich Metropolitan Region is home to about 6.2 million people. It is the List of EU metropolitan regions by GDP#2021 ranking of top four German metropolitan regions, third largest metropolitan region by GDP in the European Union. Munich is located on the river Isar north of the Alps. It is the seat of the Upper Bavaria, Upper Bavarian administrative region. With 4,500 people per km2, Munich is Germany's most densely populated municipality. It is also the second-largest city in the Bavarian language, Bavarian dialect area after Vienna. The first record of Munich dates to 1158. The city ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
S-Bahn
The S-Bahn ( , ), , is a hybrid urban rail, urban–suburban rail system serving a metropolitan region predominantly in German language, German-speaking countries. Some of the larger S-Bahn systems provide service similar to rapid transit systems, while smaller ones often resemble Commuter rail, commuter or even regional rail systems. The name ''S-Bahn'' derives from (), (, not to be confused with the present-day ''Stadtbahn'') or (). Similar systems in Austria and German-speaking Switzerland are known as S-Bahn as well. In Belgium, it is known as S-Trein (Flemish dialects, Flemish) or Train S (French language, French). In Denmark, they are known as S-tog , and in the Czech Republic as Esko or S-lines. In Milan, they are known as Milan S Lines, Linee S. S-Bahn is also a treated as a Train categories in Europe, train category in several European countries. Characteristics There is no complete definition of an S-Bahn system. S-Bahn are, where they exist, the most local typ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electric Multiple Unit
An electric multiple unit or EMU is a multiple-unit train consisting of self-propelled carriages using electricity as the motive power. An EMU requires no separate locomotive, as electric traction motors are incorporated within one or a number of the carriages. An EMU is usually formed of two or more semi-permanently coupled carriages. However, electrically powered single-unit railcars are also generally classed as EMUs. The vast majority of EMUs are passenger trains but versions also exist for carrying mail. EMUs are popular on intercity, commuter, and suburban rail networks around the world due to their fast acceleration and pollution-free operation, and are used on most rapid-transit systems. Being quieter than diesel multiple units (DMUs) and locomotive-hauled trains, EMUs can operate later at night and more frequently without disturbing nearby residents. In addition, tunnel design for EMU trains is simpler as no provision is needed for exhausting fumes, although retrofitting ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Articulated Vehicle
An articulated vehicle is a vehicle which has a permanent or semi-permanent coupling in its construction. This coupling works as a large pivot joint, allowing it to bend and turn more sharply. There are many kinds, from heavy equipment to Articulated bus, buses, trams and Articulated car, trains. Articulated locomotive, Steam locomotives were sometimes articulated so the driving wheels could pivot around corners. In a broader sense, any vehicle towing a Trailer (vehicle), trailer (including a semi-trailer) could be described as articulated (which comes from the Latin word ''articulus'', "small joint"). In the UK, an ''articulated lorry'' is the combination of a Tractor unit, tractor and a trailer, abbreviated to "artic". In the US, it is called a semi-trailer truck, tractor-trailer or semi-truck and is not necessarily considered articulated. Types Buses Buses are articulated to allow for a much longer bus that can still navigate within the turning radius of a normal bus. Mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
