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Working Conditions
{{Short description, 1=Overview of and topical guide to working time and conditions The following Outline (list), outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to working time and conditions: Legislation * See :Labour law * Collective agreement * Holiday pay * International Labour Organization * Labor rights * Labour law * Leave of absence * Legal working age * List of minimum annual leave by country * Minimum wage * Parental leave * Right to sit * Sick leave * Unemployment benefits * Unemployment extension * Workers' right to access the toilet Working time * See :Working time * Annual leave * Effects of overtime * Flextime * Four-day workweek * Karoshi * List of countries by average annual labor hours * Overwork * Right to rest and leisure * Six-hour day * Work–life balance Working conditions *Biosafety level *Casual Friday *Decent work *Dress code *Gainful employment *Happiness at work *Industrial noise *Industrial and organizational psychology *Managing up and man ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sick Leave
Sick leave (or paid sick days or sick pay) is paid time off from work that workers can use to stay home to address their health needs without losing pay. It differs from paid vacation time or time off work to deal with personal matters, because sick leave is intended for health-related purposes. Sick leave can include a mental health day and taking time away from work to go to a scheduled doctor's appointment. Some policies also allow paid sick time to be used to care for sick family members, or to address health and safety needs related to domestic violence or sexual assault. Menstrual leave is another type of time off work for a health-related reason, but it is not always paid. In most nations, some or all employers are required to pay their employees for some time away from work when they are ill. Most European, many Latin American, a few African, and a few Asian countries have legal requirements for paid sick leave for employees. In nations without laws mandating paid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Six-hour Day
The six-hour day is a schedule by which the employees or other members of an institution (which may also be, for example, a school) spend six hours contributing. This is in contrast to the widespread eight-hour day, or any other time arrangement. It has also been proposed as a better alternative to the four-day week, another proposed way to reduce working time. By country Australia In Australia, the six-hour day and four-day week is supported by the Australian Greens. The Communist Party of Australia advocates for a reduced working week (35 hours). Finland In 2020, the Finnish Prime Minister Sanna Marin advocated for a change towards implementing a six-hour working day. The result of a Finnish study showed positive effects. The Communist Party of Finland is advocating for six-hour working day too. Italy The Communist Party (Italy) advocates for a six-hour workday. Norway The Red Party (Norway) has advocated for a six-hour workday. Sweden The 6 hour workday ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Right To Rest And Leisure
The right to rest and leisure is the economic, social and cultural right to adequate time away from work and other societal responsibilities. It is linked to the right to work and historical movements for legal limitations on working hours. Today, the right to leisure and rest, including sleep and breaks, is recognised in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the Convention on the Rights of the Child, and in many regional texts such as the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child. History The movement for a recognised right to rest, play and have leisure time. can be traced back to the 19th century and the eight-hour day movement. As early as 1856, stonemasons working at the University of Melbourne in Australia put down their tools until demands for reduced working hours were accepted. The ensuing guarantee of a maximum eight-hour workday is one of the earliest examples of legal protec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Overwork
Overwork, also known as excessive work or work overload, is an occupational condition characterized by working excessively, frequently at the expense of the worker's physical and mental health. It includes working beyond one's capacity, leading to fatigue, stress, and potential health complications. Definitions Compulsory, mandatory, or forced overtime is usually defined as hours worked in excess of forty hours per week "that the employer makes compulsory with the threat of job loss or the threat of other reprisals such as demotion or assignment to unattractive tasks or work shifts". Effects Mental Overwork, by its nature, is a stressor. The constant pressure to meet deadlines, handle heavy workloads, and maintain productivity can trigger a chronic stress response. This prolonged exposure to stress can lead the individual to a range of mental and physical health issues such as anxiety, sleep disorders, depression, and burnout. Extended work hours can lead to decreased produ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Countries By Average Annual Labor Hours
The average length of working time in different countries depends on a number of economic, social and societal factors. Another important factor is the extent to which part-time work is widespread, which is less common in developing countries. In 2017, the Southeast Asian state of Cambodia had the longest average working hours worldwide among 66 countries studied. Here, the working time per worker was around 2,456 hours per year, which is just under 47 hours per week. In Germany, on the other hand, it was just under 1,354 hours per year (26 per week and 3.7 per day), which was the lowest of all the countries studied. In most countries, the weekly working hours are decreasing with increasing prosperity and higher productivity. In Germany, for example, the average weekly working time of a person not employed in agriculture and working full-time fell by almost 40 percent between 1870 and 2010. In developed countries, the average working time is therefore usually significantly shorter t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karoshi
, which can be translated into "overwork death", is a Japanese language, Japanese term relating to occupation-related sudden death. The most common medical causes of karoshi deaths are myocardial infarction, heart attacks and strokes due to stress (biology), stress and malnourishment or fasting. Mental stress from the workplace can also cause workers to commit suicide in a phenomenon known as ''karōjisatsu'' (). Karoshi is also widespread in other parts of Asia. Generally, deaths from overwork are a worldwide occurrence. For example, over 770 wage labourers die of overwork annually in Sweden, a country with robust labour regulations. The death toll is, however, expected to increase in the future. History The first case of karoshi was reported in 1969 with the stroke-related death of a 29-year-old male worker in the Freight transport, shipping department of Japan's largest newspaper company. In 1988, the Labor Force Survey reported that almost one fourth of the male workin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Four-day Workweek
A four-day workweek is an arrangement where a workplace or place of education has its employees or students work or attend school, college or university over the course of four days per week rather than the more customary five-day workweek. This arrangement can be a part of flexible working hours, and is sometimes used to cost cutting, cut costs. The four-day week movement has grown considerably in recent years, with increasing numbers of businesses and organisations around the world trialling and moving permanently to a four-day working week of around 32 hours, with no less pay for workers. Most of these businesses and organisations have involved White-collar worker, white collar work, and found that a four-day week is a win-win for employees and employers, as trials have indicated that it leads to a better work-life balance, lower stress-levels, and increased productivity, mainly by eliminating wasted work time. An overwhelming majority of studies report that a four-day week le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flextime
Flextime, also spelled flex-time or flexitime ( BE), is a flexible hours schedule that allows workers to alter their workday and adjust their start and finish times. In contrast to traditional work arrangements that require employees to work a standard 9a.m. to 5p.m. day, Flextime typically involves a "core" period of the day during which employees are required to be at work (e.g., between 11a.m. and 3p.m.), and a "bandwidth" period within which all required hours must be worked (e.g., between 5:30 a.m. and 7:30 p.m.). The working day outside of the core period is "flexible time", in which employees can choose when they work, subject to achieving total daily, weekly or monthly hours within the bandwidth period set by employers, and subject to the necessary work being done. The total working time required of employees on an approved Flextime schedule is much the same as those who work under traditional work schedule regimes. A flextime policy allows staff to determine when ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Effects Of Overtime
Employees who work overtime hours experience numerous mental, physical, and social effects. In a landmark study, the World Health Organization and the International Labour Organization estimated that over 745,000 people died from ischemic heart disease or stroke in 2016 as a result of having worked 55 hours or more per week. Significant effects include stress, lack of free time, poor work-life balance, and health risks. Employee performance levels could also be lowered. Long work hours could lead to tiredness, fatigue, and lack of attentiveness. As a result, suggestions have been proposed for risk mitigation. Health and safety The health and safety effects of overtime work vary widely and much remains unknown. Some studies have reported numerous adverse health effects, including increased alcohol and tobacco usage, decreased birthweight in offspring, and decreased cognitive functioning found both subjectively and objectively using specialized testing. However, other studies ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Annual Leave
Annual leave, also known as statutory leave, is a period of paid time off work granted by employers to employees to be used for whatever the employee wishes. Depending on the employer's policies, differing number of days may be offered, and the employee may be required to give a certain amount of advance notice, may have to coordinate with the employer to be sure that staffing is available during the employee's absence, and other requirements may have to be met. The vast majority of countries today mandate a minimum amount of paid annual leave by law. Among the larger countries, China requires at least five days' paid annual leave and India requires two days of paid leave for every month worked. The United States mandates no minimum paid leave, treating it as a perk rather than a right. Leave Most countries have labour laws that mandate employers give a certain number of paid time-off days per year to workers. Canada requires at least two weeks, which increases to three wee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
