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Strophariaceae
The Strophariaceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. Under an older classification, the family covered 18 genera and 1316 species. The species of Strophariaceae have red-brown to dark brown spore prints, while the spores themselves are smooth and have an apical germ pore. These agarics are also characterized by having a cutis-type pileipellis. Ecologically, all species in this group are saprotrophs, growing on various kinds of decaying organic matter. The family was circumscribed in 1946 by mycologists Rolf Singer and Alexander H. Smith. Genera * The genus ''Stropharia'' mainly consists of medium to large agarics with a distinct membranous annulus. Spore-print color is generally medium to dark purple-brown, except for a few species with rusty-brown spores. There is a great deal of variation, however, since this group, as presently delimited, is polyphyletic. Members of the core clade of ''Stropharia'' are characterized by crystalline acanthocytes among the hyphae t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deconica
''Deconica'' is a genus of mushroom-forming fungi in the family Strophariaceae. It was formerly considered synonym (taxonomy), synonymous with ''Psilocybe'' until molecular phylogenetics, molecular studies showed that genus to be polyphyletic, made of two major clades: one containing bluing, hallucinogenic species, the other non-bluing and non-hallucinogenic species. ''Deconica'' contains species formerly classified in the section (biology), sections ''Deconica'' and ''Coprophila'' of ''Psilocybe''. Taxonomy Until recently, ''Deconica'' was generally considered to be synonym (taxonomy), synonymous with ''Psilocybe'', and was originally named as a subgenus of ''Agaricus'' by Worthington George Smith in 1870. It was later raised to generic level by Petter Karsten in 1879. However, several molecular phylogenetics, molecular studies published in the 2000s demonstrated that ''Psilocybe'', as it was defined then, was polyphyletic. The studies supported the idea of dividing the genus int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stropharia
The genus ''Stropharia'' (sometimes known by the common name roundheads) is a group of medium to large agarics with a distinct membranous ring on the stipe. Well-known members of this genus include the edible '' Stropharia rugosoannulata'' and the blue-green verdigris agarics ('' Stropharia aeruginosa'' and allies). ''Stropharia'' are not generally regarded as good to eat and there are doubts over the edibility of several species. However the species ''Stropharia rugosoannulata'' is regarded as prized and delicious when young and is now the premier mushroom for outdoor bed culture by mycophiles in temperate climates. Taxonomy The scientific name is derived from the Greek 'στροφος/strophos' meaning "belt", in reference to the annulus present on the stipe. Spore print color is generally medium to dark purple-brown with a white edge at maturity, except for a few species that have rusty-brown spores. There is a great deal of variation, however, since this group as presently de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leratiomyces
''Leratiomyces'' is a genus of mushroom-forming basidiomycetes first proposed three times under invalid names, and finally validated in 2008. It includes several formerly described, variously, from the genera ''Stropharia'', ''Hypholoma'', and '' Weraroa''. It was formerly classified as ''Stropharia'' section ''Stropholoma'', though some authorities placed this section in the genus ''Hypholoma'', as these species often have features that are intermediate between the two genera. The genus name of ''Leratiomyces'' is in honour of Auguste Le Rat (1872-1910), who was a French teacher, and in 1904 was the curator of the Museums in Nouméa, New Caledonia. The genus was circumscribed by Andreas Bresinsky, Manfred Binder, Paul Dennis Bridge, Brian Martin Spooner, Ross Ewen Beever and Duck Chul Park in Mycotaxon vol.103 on page 115 in 2008. This group includes a number of mushrooms found commonly in woodchip beds and dry grasslands or sandy soils, such as '' Leratiomyces ceres'' and '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phaeonematoloma
''Phaeonematoloma'' is a small genus of slender, fleshy mushrooms in the family Strophariaceae with large, brownish spores with a germ pore and with conspicuous chrysocystidia. The genus has several assigned species but may be monotypic. The type species, ''Phaeonematoloma myosotis'', grows along the edges of bogs in peaty soils and sometimes amongst ''Sphagnum'' or other mosses. This type species has been classified in ''Pholiota'', ''Flammula'', and in ''Hypholoma'' or the latter's synonymous generic name, ''Nematoloma'', from which the generic name ''Phaeonematoloma'' is derived. Unlike ''Hypholoma'' (''Nematoloma''), ''Phaeonematoloma'' was originally partially differentiated by its brown spore print without the purplish colors of a "''Nematoloma''". Modern molecular evidence supports the recognition of ''Phaeonematoloma'' as an independent genus separate from ''Hypholoma'' and ''Pholiota ''Pholiota'' is a genus of small to medium-sized, fleshy mushrooms in the family Strop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Weraroa
''Weraroa'' was a genus of mushrooms from the families Hymenogastraceae and Strophariaceae. The genus was initially described by mycologist Rolf Singer in 1958 to accommodate the single species ''Secotium novae-zelandiae'' reported by Gordon Herriott Cunningham in 1924.Cunningham GH. (1924). "A critical revision of the Australian and New Zealand species of the genus ''Secotium''". ''Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales'' 49(2): 97–119. It was thought that the genus represented an intermediary evolutionary stage between a hypogeous (underground) ancestor and the related epigeous (above ground) genus ''Stropharia''. Advances in phylogenetics and taxonomic changes since 1958 found it contained unrelated species from multiple genera. It is now considered a synonym of the genus ''Psilocybe''. Description The following descriptions may not represent all species formerly the genus. Macroscopic ''Weraroa'' contained secotioid fungi, meaning that the margin of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brauniella
''Brauniella'' is an agaric fungal genus in the family Strophariaceae. The only species in the genus is ''Brauniella alba'', a species first described as ''Braunia alba'' by Brazilian mycologist Johannes Rick in 1934. ''Braunia'' is an illegitimate homonym of an earlier name, so Rolf Singer circumscribed ''Brauniella'' to contain the fungus in 1955. See also * List of Agaricales genera This is a list of fungal genus, genera in the order (biology), order Agaricales. The list follows Kalichman, Kirk & Matheny (2020), with more recent additions and amendments, as noted. The number of species in each family is taken from Catalogue of ... References Fungi of South America Monotypic Basidiomycota genera Strophariaceae Taxa named by Rolf Singer {{Agaricales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protostropharia
''Protostropharia'', is a coprophilous agaric fungal genus that produces glutinous, mostly yellowish to yellow brown fruit bodies. Characteristically most form chrysocystidia and rather large, smooth, violaceous basidiospores each with a prominent germ pore (as ''Stropharia'' subg. '' Stercophila''). It is differentiated from ''Stropharia'' by production of astrocystidia on its mycelium rather than by acanthocytes that ''Stropharia'' produces. Phylogenetically, ''Protostropharia'' is distinct from ''Stropharia'', ''Pholiota'', and ''Leratiomyces''. Two species, '' P. luteonitens'' and '' P. tuberosa'', form pseudosclerotia in the dung substrates. Etymology The name ''Protostropharia'' refers to the less anatomically complex astrocystidia (Greek ) as compared to the acanthocytes in ''Stropharia The genus ''Stropharia'' (sometimes known by the common name roundheads) is a group of medium to large agarics with a distinct membranous ring on the stipe. Well-known members of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agrocybe
''Agrocybe'' is a genus of mushrooms in the family Strophariaceae (previously placed in the Bolbitiaceae). The genus has a widespread distribution, and contains about 100 species. Distribution In Europe, toxic forms are not normally found, but ''Agrocybe molesta'' could be confused with poisonous white ''Agaricus'' species or with poisonous ''Amanita'' species. Uses Mushroom cultivation began with the Romans and Greeks, who grew the small ''Agrocybe aegerita''. The Romans believed that fungi fruited when lightning struck. ''A. aegerita'' is commonly known as the poplar mushroom, chestnut mushroom or velvet pioppino (Chinese: 茶樹菇). It is a white rot fungus. It is cultivated and sold in Japan, Korea, Australia and China. It is an important valuable source of bioactive secondary metabolites such as indole derivatives with free radical scavenging activity, cylindan with anticancer activity, and also agrocybenine with antifungal activity. '' Agrocybe farinacea'' of Japan, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pholiota
''Pholiota'' is a genus of small to medium-sized, fleshy mushrooms in the family Strophariaceae. They are saprobes that typically live on wood. The genus has a widespread distribution, especially in temperate regions, and contains about 150 species. ''Pholiota'' is derived from the Greek word ''pholis'', meaning "scale". Taxonomic details The genus ''Pholiota'' includes mushrooms, with scaly, glutinous to dry cap surfaces, and that frequently grow on wood or at the bases of trees or on decaying tree roots, and spores that are brown, light brown, or yellowish brown in deposit. These spores are smooth with a germ pore, although the germ pore can be quite narrow in species. Usually the species have pleurocystidia that include a type called chrysocystidia. There have been several varying concepts of the genus, ranging from a pre-molecular era very broad concept that nowadays would include the genera '' Phaeolepiota'', '' Phaeonematoloma'', '' Flammula'', '' Meottomyces'', some ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hemipholiota
''Hemipholiota'' is a genus of agaric fungi in the order Agaricales. It was originally proposed by Rolf Singer in 1962 as a subgenus of '' Pholiota'' to contain species with absent or sparse pleurocystidia and absent chrysocystidia. Henri Romagnesi raised it to generic status in 1980, but this naming was invalid as it did not meet the requirements of the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants The ''International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants'' (ICN or ICNafp) is the set of rules and recommendations dealing with the formal botanical names that are given to plants, fungi and a few other groups of organisms, all tho .... Marcel Bon published the genus validly in 1986. Molecular analyses revealed that ''Hemipholiota'' was distinct from '' Pholiota'' and also from a new genus '' Hemistropharia'' that had been classified with ''Hemipholiota''. Both genera fall outside of the Strophariaceae. The generic name required conservation a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kuehneromyces
''Kuehneromyces'' is a genus of agaric fungi in the family Strophariaceae. The genus was circumscribed by mycologists Rolf Singer and Alexander H. Smith in 1946. The genus name of ''Kuehneromyces'' is in honour of Robert Kühner (1903-1996), who was a French mycologist most notable for reviewing many agaric. The best known species in the genus is '' K. mutabilis'', the sheathed woodtuft, which – despite closely resembling the deadly galerina,'' Galerina marginata'', – is a popular edible mushroom in Europe that can also be cultivated on wood. See also *List of Agaricales genera This is a list of fungal genus, genera in the order (biology), order Agaricales. The list follows Kalichman, Kirk & Matheny (2020), with more recent additions and amendments, as noted. The number of species in each family is taken from Catalogue of ... References Bolbitiaceae Agaricales genera Taxa named by Alexander H. Smith Taxa named by Rolf Singer Taxa described in 1946 {{Agaric ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stropharia Aeruginosa
''Stropharia aeruginosa'', commonly known as the blue-green stropharia, or verdigris agaric, is a medium-sized green, slimy woodland mushroom, found on lawns, mulch and woodland from spring to autumn. The edibility of this mushroom is controversial; some sources claim that it is edible mushroom, edible, while others claim it to be Mushroom poisoning, poisonous, although effects are little known and its toxic constituents undescribed. Taxonomy The French mycologist Lucien Quélet gave the species its current binomial name in 1872, after it was initially described as ''Agaricus aeruginosus'' by William Curtis in 1784. The Dutch mycologist Machiel Noordeloos placed it in the genus ''Psilocybe'' in 1995. The specific name (botany), specific epithet ''aerūgǐnōsa'' is Latin for "covered in verdigris". Description The pileus (mycology), cap is convex, broadening, and becoming umbonate with age. It is wide. At first it is a vivid blue/green, and very glutinous (slimy), with a sprink ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
