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Plantaginaceae
Plantaginaceae, the plantain family or veronica family, is a large, diverse family (biology), family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales that includes common flowers such as Antirrhinum, snapdragon and Digitalis, foxglove. It is unrelated to the true plantains, banana-like fruit also called "plantain". In older classifications, Plantaginaceae was the only family of the order Plantaginales, but numerous phylogenetic studies, summarized by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, have demonstrated that this taxon should be included within Lamiales. Overview The plantain family as traditionally circumscribed consisted of only three genera: ''Bougueria'', ''Littorella'', and ''Plantago''. However phylogenetic research has indicated that Plantaginaceae ''sensu stricto'' (in the strict sense) were nested within Scrophulariaceae (but forming a group that did not include the type genus of that family, ''Scrophularia''). Although Veronicaceae (1782) is the oldest family name for this group, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scrophulariaceae
The Scrophulariaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the figwort family. The plants are annual and perennial herbs, as well as shrubs. Flowers have bilateral (zygomorphic) or rarely radial (actinomorphic) symmetry. The Scrophulariaceae have a cosmopolitan distribution, with the majority found in temperate areas, including tropical mountains. The family name is based on the name of the included genus ''Scrophularia'' L. Taxonomy In the past, it was treated as including about 275 genera and over 5,000 species, but its circumscription has been radically altered since numerous molecular phylogenies have shown the traditional broad circumscription to be grossly polyphyletic. Many genera have recently been transferred to other families within the Lamiales, notably Plantaginaceae and Orobanchaceae, but also several new families. - on linhere/ref> Several families of the Lamiales have had their circumscriptions enlarged to accommodate genera transferred from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cheloneae
Plantaginaceae, the plantain family or veronica family, is a large, diverse family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales that includes common flowers such as snapdragon and foxglove. It is unrelated to the banana-like fruit also called "plantain". In older classifications, Plantaginaceae was the only family of the order Plantaginales, but numerous phylogenetic studies, summarized by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, have demonstrated that this taxon should be included within Lamiales. Overview The plantain family as traditionally circumscribed consisted of only three genera: '' Bougueria'', '' Littorella'', and ''Plantago''. However phylogenetic research has indicated that Plantaginaceae ''sensu stricto'' (in the strict sense) were nested within Scrophulariaceae (but forming a group that did not include the type genus of that family, '' Scrophularia''). Although Veronicaceae (1782) is the oldest family name for this group, Plantaginaceae (1789) is a conserved name under ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antirrhineae
The Antirrhineae are one of the 12 tribes of the family Plantaginaceae. It contains the toadflax relatives, such as snapdragons. Description and uses Most Antirrhineae are herbaceous, short-lived, perennial or annual plants growing at most about a metre/yard tall when in full flower; the maximum height of most species is half as much or less. Some are prostrate or twining. The flowers are often conspicuous, tubular with a basal appendix (spur, gibbous, or saccate) containing nectaries, and may be of any color, though yellow and blue/purple hues are most common. Multicolored flowers are a common occurrence in this tribe; a typical pattern is one conspicuous whitish or bright yellow or reddish spot at the lower outer edge of the flower tube, looking like a protruding tongue. Other characters include poricidal dehiscent capsule fruit, and the possession of iridoid glycosides. The Antirrhineae are not noted as food- or fodder plants, probably due to the iridoid content makin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antirrhinum
''Antirrhinum'' is a genus of plants in the Plantaginaceae family, commonly known as dragon flowers or snapdragons because of the flowers' fancied resemblance to the face of a dragon that opens and closes its mouth when laterally squeezed. They are also sometimes called toadflax or dog flower. They are native to rocky areas of Europe, the United States, Canada, and North Africa. ''Antirrhinum'' species are widely used as ornamental plants in borders and as cut flowers. Description The ''Antirrhinum'' is morphologically diverse, particularly the New World group (''Saerorhinum''). The genus is characterized by personate flowers with an inferior gibbous corolla. Taxonomy ''Antirrhinum'' used to be treated within the family Scrophulariaceae, but studies of DNA sequences have led to its inclusion in a vastly enlarged family Plantaginaceae, within the tribe Antirrhineae. Circumscription The taxonomy of this genus is complex and not yet fully resolved at present. In particul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bougueria
''Plantago nubicola'' is a plant found in Peru, Bolivia, and Argentina Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America. It covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest country in South America after Brazil, the fourt .... It was long classified as ''Bougueria nubicola'', the only species in the genus ''Bougueria'', and indeed it has a number of characteristics which make it different from the rest of ''Plantago''. Nor is its placement in ''Plantago'' easy to reconcile with its geographical distribution (in particular, its closest relative appears to be '' Plantago ovata'' which is found in the Mediterranean and only recently introduced to North America). However, molecular data from several studies places ''P. nubicola'' within the genus ''Plantago''. References nubicola Taxa named by Joseph Decaisne {{Plantaginaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Littorella
''Littorella'' is a genus of two to three species of aquatic plants. Many plants live their entire lives submersed, and reproduce by stolons, but some are only underwater for part of the year, and flower when they are not underwater. Classification Molecular data show ''Littorella'' to be sister to the rest of the genus ''Plantago''. Thus, cladistics would allow it to be considered either as a separate genus or as part of ''Plantago''. Some researchers, particularly Rahn in the 1990s, have considered ''Littorella'' to be located within ''Plantago'', but this does not seem to be required given the molecular data and a closer look at morphology. Species *'' Littorella uniflora''. Found in Europe from Iceland to the Black Sea. *'' Littorella americana'' from northern North America. *'' Littorella australis'' from patagonia, in southern Chile and Argentina, and the Falkland Islands Some authors have treated ''L. uniflora'' and ''L. americana'' to be one species, but molecu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Digitalis
''Digitalis'' ( or ) is a genus of about 20 species of herbaceous perennial plants, shrubs, and Biennial plant, biennials, commonly called foxgloves. ''Digitalis'' is native to Europe, Western Asia, and northwestern Africa. The flowers are tubular in shape, produced on a tall spike, and vary in colour with species, from purple to pink, white, and yellow. The name derives from the Latin word for "finger". The genus was traditionally placed in the figwort family, Scrophulariaceae, but phylogenetic research led taxonomists to move it to the Veronicaceae in 2001. More recent phylogenetic work has placed it in the much enlarged family Plantaginaceae. The best-known species is the common foxglove, ''Digitalis purpurea''. This biennial is often grown as an ornamental plant due to its vivid flowers, which range in colour from various purple tints through pink and purely white. The flowers can also possess various marks and spottings. Other garden-worthy species include ''D. ferrugi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plantago
''Plantago'' is a genus of about 200 species of flowering plants in the family Plantaginaceae, commonly called plantains or fleaworts. The common name plantain is shared with the unrelated cooking plantain. Most are herbaceous plants, though a few are subshrubs growing to tall. Description The leaves are sessile or have a poorly defined petiole. They have three or five parallel veins that diverge in the wider part of the leaf. Leaves are broad or narrow, depending on the species. The inflorescences are borne on stalks typically tall, and can be a short cone or a long spike, with numerous tiny wind-pollinated flowers. Species The boundaries of the genus ''Plantago'' have been fairly stable, with the main question being whether to include '' Bougueria'' (one species from the Andes) and '' Littorella'' (2–3 species of aquatic plants).Albach, D. C., Meudt, H. M. & Oxelman, B. 2005Piecing together the "new" Plantaginaceae ''American Journal of Botany'' 92: 297–315. There a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Veroniceae
Veroniceae is a plant tribe in the family Plantaginaceae. It contains about 10 genera, including '' Veronica'' (speedwells) and '' Veronicastrum'' (Culver's roots). Description Etymology Taxonomy Veroniceae contains the following genera: * '' Kashmiria'' (1 species) ― Western Himalayas, * '' Lagotis'' (30 species) ― Eastern Europe to Temperate Asia, Subarctic America, * '' Neopicrorhiza'' (2 species) ― Himalayas to South-Central China, * '' Paederota'' (2 species) ― Eastern Alps of Austria, Italy, and Slovenia, * ''Picrorhiza'' (2 species) ― Pakistan to Western Himalayas, * '' Scrofella'' (1 species) ― Western and Central China, * '' Veronica'' (462 species) ― Worldwide, * '' Veronicastrum'' (19 species) ― Eastern Asia and Eastern North America, * '' Wulfenia'' (4 species) ― Albania, Austria, Italy, Lebanon-Syria, Turkey, Yugoslavia, * '' Wulfeniopsis'' (2 species) ― Nepal, West Himalaya, Pakistan and Afghanistan. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lamiales
The Lamiales (also known as the mint order) are an order of flowering plants in the asterids clade of the Eudicots. Under the APG IV system of flowering plant classification the order consists of 24 families, and includes about 23,810 species and 1,059 genera with representatives found all over the world. Well-known or economically important members of this order include aromatic, culinary, and medicinal herbs such as basil, mint, rosemary, sage, savory, marjoram, oregano, hyssop, thyme, lavender, perilla, lemon verbena, catnip, bee balm, wild dagga, and oriental motherwort, as well as olives, ash trees, teak, foxgloves, lilacs, jasmine, snapdragons, African violets, Jacarandas, Paulownias, butterfly bushes, sesame, and psyllium. Description Plant species within the order Lamiales are eudicots and are herbaceous or have woody stems. Zygomorphic flowers are common, having five petals with an upper lip of two petals and lower lip of three petals, but ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scoparia Dulcis
''Scoparia dulcis'' is a species of flowering plant in the Plantaginaceae, plantain family. Common names include licorice weed, goatweed, scoparia-weed and sweet-broom in English language, English, ''tapeiçava'', ''tapixaba'', and ''vassourinha'' in Portuguese language, Portuguese, ''escobillo'' in Spanish language, Spanish, and ''tipychä kuratu'' in Guarani language, Guarani. It is native to the Neotropical realm, Neotropics but it can be found throughout the tropical and subtropical world. Although ''S. dulcis'' is considered a weed in many parts of India and Bangladesh, its use in traditional medicine has led to overexploitation. The plant is also found as a weed in American citrus groves. Traditional medicine As a traditional medicine, ''S. dulcis'' has been used for diabetes in India and hypertension in Taiwan. In Siddha medicine it is used for treatment of kidney stones, but it needs rigorous diet method. It is called kallurukki (stone melter) in Malayalam language, M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Linderniaceae
Linderniaceae is a family (biology), family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales, which consists of about 25 genus, genera and 265 species occurring worldwide. It is commonly known as the false-pimpernel family. ''Vandellia micrantha'' is eaten in Laos, but tastes bitter. Best known are the wishbone flowers ''Torenia fournieri'' and ''Torenia thouarsii'', which are used as Bedding (horticulture), bedding plants, especially in the tropics. ''Micranthemum'' is sold as an aquarium plant under the name 'baby tears'. In other classifications it used to be included within family Scrophulariaceae ''sensu lato'' or more recently in Plantaginaceae ''sensu lato'', but several authors have demonstrated that this taxon should be segregate (taxonomy), segregated Oxelman B., Kornhall, P., Olmstead, R. G. & Bremer, B. (2005). "Further disintegration of Scrophulariaceae". ''Taxon'' 54(2):411–425. from those families, as Linderniaceae, and it has been recognized by LAPG II and APG III. Rec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
