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Patwin
The Patwin (also Patween and Southern Wintu) are a band of Wintun people in Northern California. The Patwin comprise the southern branch of the Wintun group, native inhabitants of California since approximately 500. Today, Patwin people are enrolled in three federally recognized tribes: * Cachil DeHe Band of Wintun Indians of the Colusa Indian Community of the Colusa Rancheria * Kletsel Dehe Band of Wintun Indians * Yocha Dehe Wintun Nation. Territory The Patwin were bordered by the Yuki in the northwest; the Nomlaki (Wintun) in the north; the Konkow (Maidu) in the northeast; the Nisenan (Maidu) and Plains Miwok in the east; the Bay Miwok to the south; the Coast Miwok in the southwest; and the Wappo, Lake Miwok, and Pomo in the west. The "Southern Patwins" have historically lived between what is now Suisun, Vacaville, and Putah Creek. By 1800, the Spanish and other European settlers forced them into small tribal units: Ululatos (Vacaville), Labaytos (Putah Creek ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patwin Reed Hut
The Patwin (also Patween and Southern Wintu) are a band of Wintun people in Northern California. The Patwin comprise the southern branch of the Wintun group, native inhabitants of California since approximately 500. Today, Patwin people are enrolled in three federally recognized tribes: * Cachil DeHe Band of Wintun Indians of the Colusa Indian Community of the Colusa Rancheria * Kletsel Dehe Band of Wintun Indians * Yocha Dehe Wintun Nation. Territory The Patwin were bordered by the Yuki in the northwest; the Nomlaki (Wintun) in the north; the Konkow (Maidu) in the northeast; the Nisenan (Maidu) and Plains Miwok in the east; the Bay Miwok to the south; the Coast Miwok in the southwest; and the Wappo, Lake Miwok, and Pomo in the west. The "Southern Patwins" have historically lived between what is now Suisun, Vacaville, and Putah Creek. By 1800, the Spanish and other European settlers forced them into small tribal units: Ululatos (Vacaville), Labaytos (Putah Creek), Mal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patwin Language
Patwin (Patween) is a critically endangered Wintuan language of Northern California. As of 2021, there was one documented first language speaker of Patwin. As of 2010, Patwin language classes were taught at the Yocha Dehe Wintun Nation (formerly Rumsey Rancheria) tribal school (Dubin 2010). Patwin has two (excl. Southern Patwin) or three (incl. Southern Patwin) dialects: "River Patwin (or Valley Patwin) was traditionally spoken along the Sacramento River in Colusa County ... Hill Patwin, was spoken in the plains and foothills to the west." Southern Patwin became extinct shortly after contact. It is very poorly attested, and may be a separate Southern Wintuan language (Mithun 1999). As of 2012, the Tewe Kewe Cultural Center of the Yocha Dehe Wintun Nation has "a California Indian Library Collection and an extensive Patwin language and history research section." Phonemes Consonants Patwin has 25 consonant phonemes. In the table below, the IPA form(s) of each consonant a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wintuan Languages
Wintuan (also Wintun, Wintoon, Copeh, Copehan) is a language family, family of languages spoken in the Sacramento Valley of central Northern California. All Wintuan languages are either extinct language, extinct or severely endangered language, endangered. Classification Family division William F. Shipley listed three Wintuan languages in his encyclopedic overview of California Indian languages. More recently, Marianne Mithun split Southern Wintuan into a Patwin language and a Southern Patwin language, resulting in the following classification. * Wintuan ** Northern Wintuan *** Wintu language, Wintu (a.k.a. Wintu proper, Northern Wintu) *** Nomlaki language, Nomlaki (a.k.a. Noamlakee, Central Wintu) ** Southern Wintuan *** Patwin language, Patwin (a.k.a. Patween) *** Southern Patwin language, Southern Patwin Wintu became extinct with the death of the last fluent speaker in 2003. , Nomlaki has at least one partial speaker. One speaker of Patwin (Hill Patwin dialect) remai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indigenous Peoples Of California
Indigenous peoples of California, commonly known as Indigenous Californians or Native Californians, are a diverse group of nations and peoples that are indigenous to the geographic area within the current boundaries of California before and after European colonization of the Americas, European colonization. There are currently 109 federally recognized tribes in the state and over forty self-identified tribes or tribal bands that have applied for Native American recognition in the United States, federal recognition. California has the second-largest Native Americans in the United States, Native American population in the United States. Most tribes practiced forest gardening or permaculture and controlled burning to ensure the availability of food and medicinal plants as well as ecosystem balance. Archeological sites indicate human occupation of California for thousands of years. European colonization of the Americas, European settlers began exploring their homelands in the late 18 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yocha Dehe Wintun Nation
The Yocha Dehe Wintun Nation ( ) is a federally recognized tribe of Wintun people, specifically Patwin people or southern Wintun, in Yolo County, California. They were formerly known as the Rumsey Indian Rancheria of Wintun Indians of California. Government The Yocha Dehe Wintun Nation is headquartered in Brooks, California. A democratically elected, five-person tribal council govern the tribe and operate tribal services and business ventures, such as Yocha Dehe Wintun Academy, Yocha Dehe Fire Department, Yocha Dehe Community Fund, Yocha Dehe Farm and Ranch, Cultural Resources Department, Health and Wellness Department, Environmental Department, Tribal Gaming Agency, and Cache Creek Casino Resort."Tribal Council." ''Yocha Dehe Wintun Nation.'' 2012. Retrieved 25 October 2012. The current tribal administration is as follo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suisunes
The Suisunes (also called the Suisun and the "People of the West Wind") were a Patwin tribe of Wintun people, originating in the Suisun Bay and Suisun Marsh regions of Solano County in Northern California. Their traditional homelands stretched between what is now Suisun City, Vacaville and Putah Creek around 200 years ago. The Suisunes' main village, Yulyul, is believed to be where Rockville, California is located today. Father Abella, visitor to the tribe in 1811, indicated they resided in the present location of Fairfield, north of the Suisun Bay.Milliken 1995:255. One of the Suisunes' primary food sources was acorns. Their diet also included fish as well as miner's lettuce. Their huts (as recorded by the Spaniards in 1817) were conical wikiups made of rushes or tule thatch. History The Suisunes were one tribe of the Patwin Indians, who were the southern branch of the Wintun group, who had lived in the region for up to 4000 years. Few records have been handed down; app ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wintun
The Wintun are members of several related Native American peoples of Northern California, including the Wintu (northern), Nomlaki (central), and Patwin (southern).Pritzker, 152California Indians and Their Reservations: W. ''San Diego State University Library and Information Access.'' 2010 (retrieved 30 June 2010) Their range is from approximately present-day Lake Shasta to , along the western side of the [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nomlaki
The Nomlaki (also Noamlakee, Central Wintu, Nomelaki) are a Wintun people native to the area of the Sacramento Valley, extending westward to the Coast Range in Northern California. Today some Nomlaki people are enrolled in the federally recognized tribes: Round Valley Indian Tribes, Grindstone Indian Rancheria or the Paskenta Band of Nomlaki Indians. The Nomlaki were bordered by the Wintu (Wintun) in the north, the Yana in the northeast and east, the Konkow (Maiduan) in the east, the Patwin (Wintun) in the south, and the Yuki in the west. They spoke the Nomlaki language, but there are only partial speakers of it. Nomlaki groups There are two main groups: * The River Nomlaki lived in the Sacramento River region of the valley. * The Hill Nomlaki lived west of the River Nomlaki. Their territory is now within Glenn and Tehama counties and the River Nomlaki region. The Nomlaki spoke a Wintuan language known as Nomlaki. It was not extensively documented, however, some reco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Putah Creek
Putah Creek ( Patwin: ''Liwaito'') is a major stream in Northern California, a tributary of the Yolo Bypass, and ultimately, the Sacramento River. The creek has its headwaters in the Mayacamas Mountains, a part of the Coast Range, and flows east through two dams. First, Monticello Dam forms Lake Berryessa, below which Putah Creek forms the border of Yolo and Solano Counties, and then flows to the Putah Diversion Dam and Lake Solano. After several drought years in the late 1980s, the majority of Putah Creek went dry, prompting a landmark lawsuit that resulted in the signing of the Putah Creek Accord in 2000. The Accord established releases from the dams to maintain stream flows in Putah Creek, with natural flow regimes which spike in winter/spring and ebb in summer/fall. The restoration of natural flow regimes has resulted in a doubling of riparian bird species and a return of spawning native steelhead trout and Chinook salmon, as well as protecting the liveliho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coast Miwok
The Coast Miwok are an Indigenous people of California that were the second-largest tribe of the Miwok people. Coast Miwok inhabited the general area of present-day Marin County and southern Sonoma County in Northern California, from the Golden Gate north to Duncans Point and eastward to Sonoma Creek. Coast Miwok included the Bodega Bay Miwok, or Olamentko (Olamentke), from authenticated Miwok villages around Bodega Bay, the Marin Miwok, or Hookooeko (Huukuiko), and Southern Sonoma Miwok, or Lekahtewutko (Lekatuit). While they did not have an overarching name for themselves, the Coast Miwok word for people, ''Micha-ko'', was suggested by A. L. Kroeber as a possible endonym, keeping with a common practice among tribal groups and the ethnographers studying them in the early 20th century and with the term ''Miwok'' itself, which is the Central Sierra Miwok word for 'people'. Culture The Coast Miwok spoke their own Coast Miwok language in the Utian linguistic group. They l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mission San Francisco Solano (California)
Mission San Francisco Solano was the 21st, last, and northernmost Spanish missions in California, mission in Alta California. It was named for Saint Francis Solanus. It was the only Spanish missions in California, mission built in Alta California after Mexican War of Independence, Mexico gained independence from Spain. The difficulty of its beginning demonstrates the confusion resulting from that change in governance. The California Governor wanted a robust Mexican presence north of the San Francisco Bay to keep the Russian-American Company, Russians who had established Fort Ross, California, Fort Ross on the Pacific coast from moving further inland. A young Franciscan friar from Mission San Francisco de Asis wanted to move to a location with a better climate and access to a larger number of potential converts. The Mission was successful, given its short eleven year life, but was smaller in number of converts and with lower productivity and diversity of industries than the old ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
