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Luiseño
The Luiseño or Payómkawichum are an Indigenous people of California who, at the time of the first contacts with the Spanish in the 16th century, inhabited the coastal area of southern California, ranging from the present-day southern part of Los Angeles County to the northern part of San Diego County, and inland . In the Luiseño language, the people call themselves ''Payómkawichum'' (also spelled Payómkowishum), meaning "People of the West." After the establishment of Mission San Luis Rey de Francia (The Mission of Saint Louis King of France), "the Payómkawichum began to be called San Luiseños, and later, just Luiseños by Spanish missionaries due to their proximity to this San Luis Rey mission. Today there are six federally recognized tribes of Luiseño bands based in southern California, all with reservations. Another organized band is not federally recognized. History Pre-colonization The Payómkawichum were successful in utilizing a number of natural resource ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luiseño Basket Maker
The Luiseño or Payómkawichum are an Indigenous peoples of California, Indigenous people of California who, at the time of the first contacts with the Spanish in the 16th century, inhabited the coastal area of southern California, ranging from the present-day southern part of Los Angeles County, California, Los Angeles County to the northern part of San Diego County, California, San Diego County, and inland . In the Luiseño language, the people call themselves ''Payómkawichum'' (also spelled Payómkowishum), meaning "People of the West." After the establishment of Mission San Luis Rey de Francia (The Mission of Saint Louis King of France), "the Payómkawichum began to be called San Luiseños, and later, just Luiseños by Spanish missionaries due to their proximity to this San Luis Rey mission. Today there are six List of federally recognized tribes in the United States, federally recognized tribes of Luiseño bands based in southern California, all with reservations. Another o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luiseño Language
The Luiseño language is a Uto-Aztecan language of California spoken by the Luiseño, a Native Americans in the United States, Native American people who at the time of first contact with the Spanish in the 16th century inhabited the coastal area of southern California, ranging from the southern part of Los Angeles County, California, to the northern part of San Diego County, California, and inland . The people are called "Luiseño", owing to their proximity to the Mission San Luis Rey de Francia. History The language went extinct language, extinct in the early 2010's, but an active language revitalization project is underway, assisted by linguists from the University of California, Riverside. The Pechanga Band of Luiseño Indians offers classes for children, and in 2013, "the tribe ... began funding a graduate-level California State University, San Bernardino, Cal State San Bernardino Luiseño class, one of the few for-credit university indigenous-language courses in the cou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acjachemen
The Acjachemen () are an Indigenous people of California. Published maps often identify their ancestral lands as extending from the beach to the mountains, south from what is now known as Aliso Creek (Orange County), Aliso Creek in Orange County, California, Orange County to Las Pulgas Canyon in the northwestern part of San Diego County, California, San Diego County. However, sources also show that Acjachemen people shared sites with other Indigenous nations as far north as Puvunga in contemporary Long Beach. The Acjachemen language does not have any fluent speakers. It is closely related to the Luiseño language still spoken by the neighboring Payómkawichum (Luiseño) people. Name Spanish colonists called the Acjachemen Juaneños, following their conversion to Christianity at Mission San Juan Capistrano in the late 18th century. Today, many contemporary members of organizations for Acjachemen descendants prefer the term ''Acjachemen'' as their autonym, or name for themselves. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mission San Luis Rey De Francia
Mission San Luis Rey de Francia () is a former Spanish mission in San Luis Rey, a neighborhood in Oceanside, California. This Mission lent its name to the Luiseño tribe of Mission Indians. At its prime, Mission San Luis Rey's structures and services compound covered almost , making it the largest of the Californian missions, along with its surrounding agricultural land. Multiple outposts were built in support of Mission San Luis Rey and placed under its supervision, including the San Antonio de Pala Asistencia in 1816 and the Las Flores Estancia in 1823. Spanish era The full name of the mission is ''La Misión de San Luis, Rey de Francia'' (The Mission of Saint Louis, King of France). It was named for King Louis IX of France. Its nickname is "King of the Missions". It was founded by padre Fermín Lasuén on June 12, 1798, the eighteenth of the twenty-one Spanish missions built in the Alta California Province of the Viceroyalty of New Spain.Yenne, p. 156 In 1800, Miss ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pablo Tac
Pablo Tac (c. 1822–1841) was a Luiseño people, Luiseño (''Quechnajuichom'' also spelled "Qéchngawichum") Amerindian, Indian and indigenous scholar who provided a rare contemporary Native Americans in the United States, Native American perspective on the institutions and early history of Alta California. He created the first writing system for Luiseño,Haas, p. 3 and his work is the "only primary source of Luiseño language written by a Luiseño until the twentieth century." Life Tac was born of Luiseño parents at Mission San Luis Rey de Francia and attended the Mission school. A promising student, he (along with another boy) was singled out by the Franciscan missionary, Father Antonio Peyrí, to accompany Peyrí when he left California in 1832. "On January 15, 1834, Father Peyrí, Pablo, and Agapito left San Fernando College [Mexico City] and in February boarded a ship for Europe. They travelled via New York and France, arriving in Barcelona, Spain, on June 21. The 'New' Wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pauma Band Of Luiseno Mission Indians
The Pauma Band of Luiseño Mission Indians of the Pauma and Yuima Reservation is a federally recognized tribe of Luiseño Indians in San Diego County, California. A total of five other federally recognized tribes of Luiseño are located in southern California. Government The Pauma Band is headquartered in Pauma Valley, California. The tribe is governed by a democratically elected tribal council. As of May 2024, the current tribal council is as follows: * Tribal Chairman: Temet A. Aguilar *Vice Chairman: Sophia Salgado *Secretary: Patricia A. Dixon *Treasurer: Jenna Aguilar Linton *Member at Large: Martina Garcia Reservation The Pauma and Yuima Reservation (), also known as the Pauma Indian Reservation, is a federal Indian reservation located in the northeastern corner of San Diego County. The reservation is in size. The Pauma and Yuima Reservation was established in 1872. The main Pauma reservation and tribal headquarters are located in the Pauma Valley below Palomar Mou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indigenous Peoples Of California
Indigenous peoples of California, commonly known as Indigenous Californians or Native Californians, are a diverse group of nations and peoples that are indigenous to the geographic area within the current boundaries of California before and after European colonization of the Americas, European colonization. There are currently 109 federally recognized tribes in the state and over forty self-identified tribes or tribal bands that have applied for Native American recognition in the United States, federal recognition. California has the second-largest Native Americans in the United States, Native American population in the United States. Most tribes practiced forest gardening or permaculture and controlled burning to ensure the availability of food and medicinal plants as well as ecosystem balance. Archeological sites indicate human occupation of California for thousands of years. European colonization of the Americas, European settlers began exploring their homelands in the late 18 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pauma Massacre
The Pauma massacre occurred in December 1846, at Pauma Valley north of Escondido, California. Luiseño Indians killed eleven Mexicans, Californio lancers who had stolen horses from them. The action was related to a series of regional conflicts during the Mexican–American War and followed the Battle of San Pasqual in California. Fundamentally, it was also related to the appropriation of Mission Luiseno land from the Luiseño after the successful mission with a population of 3,000 was secularized in 1833. Gov. José Figueroa had granted the Luiseño three pueblos including Las Flores and San Pascual. Pío Pico was to hold the mission land in trust for the government as administrator pending a decision on what to do with it. Eventually, Pico took Las Flores as his personal ranch. Pico was the man who led the Mexicans at the battle of San Pascual. The Kumeyaay Indians lived at San Pascual, though the Kumeyaay were from the next mission, San Diego, they also viewed Pio Pico with dis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oceanside, California
Oceanside is a beach city in the North County (San Diego area), North County area of San Diego County, California, United States. The city had a population of 174,068 at the 2020 United States census, making it the most populous city in the North County region of San Diego. The city is a popular tourist destination, owing to its historic landmarks, beaches, and architecture. Oceanside's origins date to 1798, when the Spanish founded the village of San Luis Rey, Oceanside, California, San Luis Rey with the establishment of Mission San Luis Rey de Francia by Fermín de Lasuén. During the Spanish period, Mission San Luis Rey grew to be the largest of all the Spanish missions in California, Californian missions, but following the Mexican secularization act of 1833 the mission and its community declined. Following the Conquest of California, U.S. conquest of California, the former mission lands were developed into an oceanfront resort and the community's name gradually changed to Oce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tongva People
The Tongva ( ) are an Indigenous people of California from the Los Angeles Basin and the Southern Channel Islands, an area covering approximately . In the precolonial era, the people lived in as many as 100 villages and primarily identified by their village rather than by a pan-tribal name. During colonization, the Spanish referred to these people as Gabrieleño and Fernandeño, names derived from the Spanish missions built on their land: Mission San Gabriel Arcángel and Mission San Fernando Rey de España. ''Tongva'' is the most widely circulated endonym among the people, used by Narcisa Higuera in 1905 to refer to inhabitants in the vicinity of Mission San Gabriel. Some people who identify as direct lineal descendants of the people advocate the use of their ancestral name '' Kizh'' as an endonym. The Tongva, along with neighboring groups such as the Chumash, played an important role in the cultural and economic dynamics of the region at the time of European encounter. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cahuilla People
The Cahuilla, also known as ʔívil̃uqaletem or Ivilyuqaletem, are a Native American people of the various tribes of the Cahuilla Nation, living in the inland areas of southern California."California Indians and Their Reservations. ''SDSU Library and Information Access.'' Their original territory encompassed about . The traditional Cahuilla territory was near the geographic center of . It was bounded to the north by the , to the south by |
Kumeyaay
The Kumeyaay, also known as 'Iipai-Tiipai or by the historical Spanish name Diegueño, is a tribe of Indigenous peoples of the Americas who live at the northern border of Baja California in Mexico and the southern border of California in the United States. They are an Indigenous people of California. The Kumeyaay language belongs to the Yuman–Cochimí language family. The Kumeyaay consist of three related groups, the 'Iipai, Tiipai, and Kamia. The San Diego River loosely divided the 'Iipay and the Tiipai historical homelands, while the Kamia lived in the eastern desert areas. The 'Iipai lived to the north, from Escondido to Lake Henshaw, while the Tiipai lived to the south, in lands including the Laguna Mountains, Ensenada, and Tecate. The Kamia lived to the east in an area that included Mexicali and bordered the Salton Sea. Name The Kumeyaay or 'Iipai-Tiipai were formerly known as the Diegueños, the former Spanish name applied to the Mission Indians living along ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
