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Cyrtidae
The Acroceridae are a small family of odd-looking flies. They have a hump-backed appearance with a strikingly small head, generally with a long proboscis for accessing nectar. They are rare and not widely known. The most frequently applied common names are small-headed flies or hunch-back flies. Many are bee or wasp mimics. Because they are parasitoids of spiders, they also are sometimes known as spider flies. Description The Acroceridae vary in size from small to fairly large, about the size of large bees, with a wingspan over 25 mm in some species. As a rule, both sexes have tiny heads and a characteristic hump-backed appearance because of the large, rounded thorax. In appearance, they are compact flies without major bristles, but many species have a bee-like hairiness on their bodies, and some are bee or wasp mimics. In most species, the eyes are holoptic in both sexes, the heads seemingly composed mainly of the large faceted eyes. This is in contrast to many insects in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pterodontia
''Pterodontia'' is a genus of small-headed flies (insects in the family Acroceridae). There are at least 20 described species in ''Pterodontia''. Description ''Pterodontia'' have eyes that are covered in hairs. Their antennae are attached below the middle of the head, and are small, short and inconspicuous. Their mouthparts are small and nearly imperceptible. The tibia have small, atypical spurs. The males have a tooth-like projection on the costal edge of the wing. Species These 19 species belong to the genus ''Pterodontia'': * ''Pterodontia aerivaga'' Seguy, 1962 * ''Pterodontia analis'' Macquart, 1846 * ''Pterodontia andina'' Brèthes, 1910 * ''Pterodontia davisi'' Paramonov, 1957 * ''Pterodontia dimidiata'' Westwood, 1876 * ''Pterodontia ezoensis'' Ouchi, 1942 * ''Pterodontia flavipes'' Gray, 1832 * ''Pterodontia flavonigra'' Carrera, 1947 * ''Pterodontia johnsoni'' Cole, 1919 * ''Pterodontia kashmirensis'' Lichtwardt, 1909 * ''Pterodontia longisquama'' Sabrosky, 1947 * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyrtinae
Cyrtinae is a subfamily of the Acroceridae (small-headed flies). Their larvae are endoparasites of araneomorph spiders in the subgroup Entelegynae. Genera The subfamily includes twelve extant genera and two extinct: * '' Asopsebius'' Nartshuk, 1982 * †'' Cyrtinella'' Gillung & Winterton, 2017 * '' Cyrtus'' Latreille, 1796 * '' Hadrogaster'' Schlinger, 1972 * ''Holops'' Philippi, 1865 * '' Meruia'' Sabrosky, 1950 * '' Nipponcyrtus'' Schlinger, 1972 * '' Opsebius'' Costa, 1856 * '' Paracyrtus'' Schlinger, 1972 * '' Sabroskya'' Schlinger, 1960 * '' Subcyrtus'' Brunetti, 1926 * ''Turbopsebius'' Schlinger, 1972 * †''Villalites ''Villalites'' is an extinct genus of small-headed flies in the family Acroceridae. It is known from Baltic amber from the Eocene, though the locality is unknown (possibly Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of tra ...'' Hennig, 1966 * '' Villalus'' Cole, 1918 References Acroceridae Brachycera subfamilies Endop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panopinae
Panopinae is a subfamily of small-headed flies (Acroceridae). Their larvae are endoparasites of spiders in the infraorder Mygalomorphae. Genera The subfamily includes 24 extant genera: * ''Apelleia'' Bellardi, 1862 * ''Apsona'' Westwood, 1876 * ''Archipialea'' Schlinger, 1973 * ''Arrhynchus'' Philippi, 1871 * ''Astomella'' Latreille, 1809 * '' Astomelloides'' Schlinger, 1959 * ''Camposella'' Cole, 1919 * ''Coquena'' Schlinger ''in'' Schlinger, Gillung & Borkent, 2013 * ''Corononcodes'' Speiser, 1920 * ''Eulonchus'' Gerstaecker, 1856 * ''Exetasis'' Walker, 1852 * ''Lasia'' Wiedemann, 1824 * '' Lasioides'' Gil Collado, 1928 * ''Leucopsina'' Westwood, 1876 * ''Mesophysa'' Macquart, 1838 * ''Ocnaea'' Erichson, 1840 * ''Panops'' Lamarck, 1804 * '' Physegastrella'' Brunetti, 1926 * ''Pialea'' Erichson, 1840 * ''Psilodera'' Gray ''in'' Griffith & Pidgeon, 1832 * '' Pterodontia'' Gray Grey (more common in British English) or gray (more common in American English) is an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philopotinae
Philopotinae is a subfamily of small-headed flies. Their larvae are endoparasites of araneomorph spiders in the subgroup Entelegynae. Genera The subfamily includes twelve extant genera and four extinct: * '' Africaterphis'' Schlinger, 1968 * †''Archaeterphis'' Hauser & Winterton, 2007 * '' Dimacrocolus'' Schlinger, 1961 * †''Eulonchiella'' Meunier, 1912 * '' Helle'' Osten Sacken, 1896 * †''Hoffeinsomyia'' Gillung & Winterton, 2017 * '' Megalybus'' Philippi, 1865 * ''Neophilopota'' Schlinger ''in'' Schlinger, Gillung & Borkent, 2013 * '' Oligoneura'' Bigot, 1878 * '' Parahelle'' Schlinger, 1961 * ''Philopota'' Wiedemann, 1830 * †''Prophilopota'' Hennig, 1966 * ''Quasi'' Gillung & Winterton, 2011 * ''Schlingeriella ''Schlingeriella'' is a genus of small-headed flies (insects in the family Acroceridae). It contains only one species, ''Schlingeriella irwini'', endemic to New Caledonia ) , anthem = "" , image_map = New Caledonia on the globe (small islan ...'' Gillun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geometer Moth
The geometer moths are moths belonging to the family (biology), family Geometridae of the insect order (biology), order Lepidoptera, the moths and butterflies. Their scientific name derives from the Ancient Greek ''geo'' γεω (derivative form of or "the earth"), and ''metron'' "measure" in reference to the way their larvae, or inchworms, appear to measure the earth as they move along in a looping fashion. A very large family, it has around 23,000 species of moths described, and over 1400 species from six subfamilies indigenous to North America alone. A well-known member is the peppered moth, ''Biston betularia'', which has been subject of numerous studies in population genetics. Several other geometer moths are notorious pest (organism), pests. Adults Many geometrids have slender abdomen#Other animals, abdomens and broad wings which are usually held flat with the hindwings visible. As such, they appear rather butterfly-like, but in most respects they are typical moths; the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stylopidae
Stylopidae is a family of twisted-winged insects in the order Strepsiptera. There are about 15 genera and more than 330 described species in Stylopidae. Members of Stylopidae are parasitic insects. Host insects of this family that are afflicted are referred to as being "stylopized". Stylopidae are associated primarily with wasps and bees but are known to also use members of Blattodea, Mantodea, Orthoptera, Hemiptera, Diptera, and other Hymenoptera as hosts. Stylopized hosts often display a variety of physical and behavioral changes. Life cycle As with others in the order Strepsiptera, Stylopidae larvae called triungulins enter their host and develop inside it. Females will remain inside the host. When females are ready to breed, they will push their head and brood canal opening, which is located just behind their head, out between the host insect's sclerites. Females draw males with pheromones who mate with them by means of the exposed brood canal. The eggs will hatch insi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Book Lung
A book lung is a type of respiration organ used for atmospheric gas exchange that is present in many arachnids, such as scorpions and spiders. Each of these organs is located inside an open ventral abdominal, air-filled cavity (atrium) and connects with the surroundings through a small opening for the purpose of respiration. Structure and function Book lungs are not related to the lungs of modern land-dwelling vertebrates. Their name describes their structure and purpose. Stacks of alternating air pockets and tissue filled with hemolymph give them an appearance similar to a "folded" book. Their number varies from just one pair in most spiders to four pairs in scorpions. The unfolded "pages" (plates) of the book lung are filled with hemolymph. The folds maximize the surface exposed to air, and thereby maximize the amount of gas exchanged with the environment. In most species, no motion of the plates is needed to facilitate this kind of respiration. Occasionally absent Somet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muscomorpha
The Brachyceran infraorder Muscomorpha is a large and diverse group of flies, containing the bulk of the Brachycera, and, most of the known flies. It includes a number of the most familiar flies, such as the housefly, the fruit fly, and the blow fly. The antennae are short, usually three-segmented, with a dorsal arista. Their bodies are often highly setose, and the pattern of setae is often taxonomically important. The larvae of muscomorphs (in the sense the name is used here; see below) have reduced head capsules, and the pupae are formed inside the exoskeleton of the last larval instar; exit from this puparium is by a circular line of weakness, and this pupal type is called "cyclorrhaphous"; this feature gives this group of flies their traditional name, Cyclorrhapha. Classification The name Cyclorrhapha is used, in various modern classifications, to represent either a subgroup within the infraorder Muscomorpha, or simply a rankless group within the Brachycera. In either cas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Planidium
A planidium is a specialized form of insect larva seen in the first-instar of a few families of insects that have parasitoidal ways of life. They are usually flattened, highly sclerotized (hardened), and quite mobile. The function of the planidial stage is to find a host on which the later larval instars may feed, generally until the insect pupates. Etymology The term "planidium" is derived from the Greek language ''πλανής'' (planis) meaning "wanderer". The term planula was similarly derived in reference to the wandering larvae of certain Cnidaria. Accordingly, "planidium" is the general term for such an adaptation, and it is not limited to any particular species or morphology. Planidia of different species differ variously from each other in form. The first instar larva in the beetle family Meloidae has three claws on each foot, and is therefore called a triungulin (plural ''triungula''). The term is derived from the Latin ''tri'' meaning "three" and ''ungula'' meaning ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hypermetamorphosis
Hypermetamorphosis, or heteromorphosis,P.J. Gullan & P.S. Cranston. 2010. The Insects: An Outline of Entomology, 4th Edition. Wiley-Blackwell. is a term used in entomology that refers to a class of variants of holometabolism, that is to say, complete insect metamorphosis, but where some larval instars are distinct from each other. Description Hypermetamorphosis, as the term normally is used in entomology, refers to a class of variants of holometabolism. In hypermetamorphosis some larval instars are functionally and morphologically distinct from each other. The general case in holometabolous insects such as flies, moths, or wasps, is that all larval stages look similar, growing larger as the insect matures. In hypermetamorphic insects however, at least one instar, usually the first, differs markedly from the rest. In many hypermetamorphic species, the first instars are numerous, tiny, very mobile larvae that must find their way to a food source. The general term for a mob ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clintonia Uniflora 4915 Cropped
''Clintonia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the lily family Liliaceae. Plants of the genus are distributed across the temperate regions of North America and eastern Asia, in the mesic understory of deciduous or coniferous forests. The genus, first described by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque in 1818, was named for DeWitt Clinton (1769–1828), a naturalist and politician from the U.S. state of New York. For this reason, plants of the genus are commonly known as Clinton's lily. The common name bluebead (and by extension bluebead lily) refer to the distinctive fruit of members of the genus. Since fruit color varies somewhat across species, the common name bead lily is used as well. Description The genus ''Clintonia'' is morphologically diverse. Species are herbaceous perennial plants growing from rhizomatous underground stems with thin, fibrous roots. They grow from 1.5 to 8 dm tall. They have 2 to 6 basal leaves arising from the rhizome crown, the basal leaves are s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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