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Council Of Rimini
The Council of Ariminum, also known as the Council of Rimini, was an early Christian church synod in Ariminum, modern-day Rimini, in 359. Called by Roman Emperor Constantius II to resolve the Arian controversy, the Council of Ariminum for western bishops paralleled the Council of Seleucia for eastern bishops. Though the Council of Ariminum concluded in favour of the Nicene Creed by 21 July 359, its consensus was overturned on 10 October 359, when the council's envoys to Constantius accepted a Homoean creed. Bishops remaining at Ariminum were forced to assent to the creed. Pope Liberius later declared that the Council of Ariminum was held without authority. Background In 358, the Roman Emperor Constantius II requested two councils, one of the western bishops of the Roman Empire at Ariminum (modern-day Rimini), and one of the eastern bishops,Philostorgius, in Photius, ''Epitome of the Ecclesiastical History of Philostorgius'', book 4, chapter 10. planned for Nicomedia but event ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Early Christianity
Early Christianity, otherwise called the Early Church or Paleo-Christianity, describes the History of Christianity, historical era of the Christianity, Christian religion up to the First Council of Nicaea in 325. Spread of Christianity, Christianity spread from the Levant, across the Roman Empire, and beyond. Originally, this progression was closely connected to History of the Jews in the Roman Empire, already established Jewish centers in the Holy Land and the Jewish diaspora throughout the Eastern Mediterranean. The first followers of Christianity were Jews who had Proselyte, converted to the faith, i.e. Jewish Christians, as well as Phoenicia, Phoenicians, i.e. Christianity in Lebanon, Lebanese Christians. Early Christianity contains the Apostolic Age and is followed by, and substantially overlaps with, the Patristic era. The Apostolic sees claim to have been founded by one or more of the Apostles in the New Testament, apostles of Jesus, who are said to have Dispersion of the A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biblioteca Civica Gambalunga
The Biblioteca Civica Gambalunga, also known as the Gambalunghiana, is a public library in Rimini, in the region of Emilia-Romagna, northern Italy. The library was founded in 1619 following a bequest by Riminese lawyer . As of December 2023, the Gambalunghiana's collection holds over 300,000 physical exhibits, including 293,879 books. Readers known to have visited the library include Ezra Pound, Ambroise Firmin Didot, and Aby Warburg. History Foundation The Palazzo Gambalunga, as the building housing the library is known, was commissioned by , a Riminese lawyer. It was constructed between 1610 and 1614 at the cost of 70,000 scudi. The road, then named Via del Rigagnolo della Fontana, was already inhabited by nobles. The library was purchased mostly in Venice, and transported by sea to Rimini, where the books featuring Gambalunga's distinctive binding were bound in a workshop. Gambalunga predominantly stocked humanistic titles, with law books accompanied by Greek and Latin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Semi-Arianism
Semi-Arianism was a position regarding the relationship between God the Father and the Son of God, adopted by some 4th-century Christians. Though the doctrine modified the teachings of Arianism, it still rejected the doctrine that Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are co-eternal, and of the same substance, or consubstantial, and was therefore considered to be heretical by many contemporary Christians."semi-Arianism." Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Ultimate Reference Suite. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, 2012. Arius held that the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit were three separate essences or substances (ousia) and that the Son and Spirit derived their divinity from the Father, were created, and were inferior to the Godhead of the Father. Semi-Arians asserted that the Son was "of a similar substance" (homoiousios) as the Father but not "of the same substance" (homoousios). History Arianism was the view of Arius and his followers, the Arians, that Jesus was su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Demophilus Of Constantinople
Demophilus of Constantinople (; died 386) was a bishop of Berea and an Archbishop of Constantinople from Early 370 until he was expelled on 27 November 380. Biography Born of good family in Thessalonica, he was elected by the Arians to the bishopric of Constantinople. The opinion of the populace, however, was much divided. The orthodox party chose Evagrius for their bishop, and he was ordained by Eustathius of Antioch, the deposed bishop of Antioch. This was the signal for a furious outburst from the Arians. Both Eustathius and Evagrius were banished by the Roman emperor Valens, and their followers bitterly persecuted. Soon after his accession, Demophilus went to Cyzicus with Dorotheus, or Theodorus, of Heraclea to procure the election of an Arian bishop, which was left vacant since the banishment of Eunomius of Cyzicus. Nevertheless, the people of Cyzicus refused to acknowledge them until they had anathematized Aëtius of Antioch, Eunomius of Cyzicus, and their fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Illyricum (Roman Province)
Illyricum was a Roman province that existed from 27 BC to sometime during the reign of Vespasian (69–79 AD). The province comprised the regions of Illyria/Dalmatia in the south and Pannonia in the north. Illyria included the area along the east coast of the Adriatic Sea and its inland mountains. Pannonia included the northern plains that now are part of Serbia, Croatia and Hungary. Illyricum included part or all of the territories of today's Albania, Kosovo, Montenegro, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and Slovenia. Name and etymology The term Illyrians was used to describe the inhabitants of the area as far back as the late 6th century BC by Hecataeus of Miletus. Geography Illyria/Dalmatia stretched from the Drin (river), River Drin (in modern northern Albania) to Istria (Croatia) and the River Sava in the north. The area roughly corresponded to modern northern Albania, Kosovo, Serbia, Slovenia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina and coastal Croatia (Dalmatiae). Pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auxentius Of Durostorum
Auxentius: This name derives from the Ancient Greek “aúksēsis (αὔξησις) auksanō (αὐξάνω) auxantios (Αὐξήντιος)”, meaning “increasing, increase, growth”. This name was borne by several early saints as St. Auxentius of Bithynia. Auxentius was an Arian theologian and bishop of Milan. Auxentius might refer to: * Auxentius of Mopsuestia (died 360), Christian bishop and saint * Auxentius of Milan (died 374), Arian Christian theologian and bishop * Auxentius of Durostorum and Milan (died c. 400), Arian Christian theologian and bishop * Auxentius of Bithynia or ''Saint Auxentius'' (died 473), hermit, and Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic saint In Other Languages * Albanian: Afksént/Afksénti, Avksént/Avksénti, Auksént/Auksénti * Armenian: Ogsen (Օգսեն) * Belarusian: Auwksentsiy (Аўксенцій) * Bulgarian: Avksenty (Авксентий) * Croatian: Aksentije * Georgian: Avksenti (ავქსენტი) * Polish: Auksenty, Au ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Germinius Of Sirmium
Germinius, born in Cyzicus, was bishop of Sirmium, (today the town Sremska Mitrovica, in the territory of Srem in Serbia) and a supporter of Homoian theology, which is often labelled as a form of Arianism. Background Along with Valens of Mursa and Ursacius of Singidunum he was responsible for drafting the theological statement known as the Blasphemy of Sirmium in 357. He also appears in the ''Altercatio Heracliani laici cum Germinio episcopo Sirmiensi'', which purports to be the minutes of a public disputation between Germinius and a Nicene layman called Heraclianus in January 366.This document mention one more heresiarch among the bishops of Sirmium (metropolitan bishops of Pannonia Secunda), Photinus Photinus (Greek: Φωτεινός; died 376) was a Christian bishop of Sirmium in Pannonia Secunda (today the town Sremska Mitrovica in Serbia), best known for denying the incarnation of Christ, thus being considered a heresiarch by both the Ca .... For Photinus of Sirmium and h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valens Of Mursa
Valens of Mursa was bishop of Mursa (Osijek in modern Croatia) and a supporter of Homoian theology, which is often labelled as a form of Arianism, although semi-Arianism is probably more accurate. Life Valens and his fellows were seen by contemporaneous and later Church historical sources, to vacillate according to the political winds, being 'always inclined to side with the dominant party. Synod of Tyre He was one of a group of Bishops including Ursacius of Singidunum (Belgrade) who made accusations of impropriety against Athanasius of Alexandria resulting in the First Synod of Tyre. Ursacius and Valens next appear in 342 at Constantinople assisting with the consecration of Macedonius as bishop of the metropolis. In 346, Valens and Ursacius, recanted both of their previous hostility to Athanasius and to his Trinitarian theology. Accordingly, they journeyed to Rome, presenting a written recantation to its bishop, Julius, and wrote to Athanasius, expressing their willingnes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ursacius Of Singidunum
Ursacius ( 335–346) was the bishop of Singidunum (the ancient city which was to become Belgrade), during the middle of the 4th century. He played an important role during the evolving controversies surrounding the legacies of the Council of Nicaea and the theologian Arius, acting frequently in concert with his fellow bishops of the Diocese of Pannonia (or "Illyria"), Germinius of Sirmium and Valens of Mursa. Found at various times during their episcopal careers staking positions on both sides of the developing theological debate and internal Church politicking, Ursacius and his fellows were seen to vacillate according to the political winds. __TOC__ Early life Born at the latest 300, little is known of Ursacius' early career, but he appears already to have become bishop of Singidunum by 335, in which capacity he formed part of the group of bishops empanelled at the Synod of Tyre to investigate the veracity of accusations of impropriety made against Athanasius of Alexandria. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constantinople
Constantinople (#Names of Constantinople, see other names) was a historical city located on the Bosporus that served as the capital of the Roman Empire, Roman, Byzantine Empire, Byzantine, Latin Empire, Latin, and Ottoman Empire, Ottoman empires between its consecration in 330 until 1930, when it was renamed to Istanbul. Initially as New Rome, Constantinople was founded in 324 during the reign of Constantine the Great on the site of the existing settlement of Byzantium, and shortly thereafter in 330 became the capital of the Roman Empire. Following the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the late 5th century, Constantinople remained the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire (also known as the Byzantine Empire; 330–1204 and 1261–1453), the Latin Empire (1204–1261), and the Ottoman Empire (1453–1922). Following the Turkish War of Independence, the Turkish capital then moved to Ankara. Although the city had been known as Istanbul since 1453, it was officially renamed as Is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Encyclopædia Britannica
The is a general knowledge, general-knowledge English-language encyclopaedia. It has been published by Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. since 1768, although the company has changed ownership seven times. The 2010 version of the 15th edition, which spans 32 volumes and 32,640 pages, was the last printed edition. Since 2016, it has been published exclusively as an online encyclopedia, online encyclopaedia. Printed for 244 years, the ''Britannica'' was the longest-running in-print encyclopaedia in the English language. It was first published between 1768 and 1771 in Edinburgh, Scotland, in three volumes. The encyclopaedia grew in size; the second edition was 10 volumes, and by its fourth edition (1801–1810), it had expanded to 20 volumes. Its rising stature as a scholarly work helped recruit eminent contributors, and the 9th (1875–1889) and Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, 11th editions (1911) are landmark encyclopaedias for scholarship and literary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arch Of Augustus (Rimini)
The Arch of Augustus (, ) is a gate set in the former city wall of Rimini, Emilia-Romagna, in the form of an ancient Roman triumphal arch. Built in 27 BC in honour of Augustus, the first Roman emperor, the arch marks the northern end of the Via Flaminia, the road between (Rimini) and Rome constructed in 220 BC by Gaius Flaminius. Under Fascist Italy, the adjoining city walls and surrounding buildings were demolished, leaving the Arch of Augustus to stand as an isolated monument. The Arch of Augustus is the oldest preserved arch in Italy. Along with the Ponte di Tiberio, it is one of Rimini's most-recognised symbols, and is represented on the city's coat of arms. Because of the city's location at the tip of a strategically-important north–south passage by the Adriatic Sea, many armies have passed through the Arch of Augustus, leading Antonio Paolucci to describe the Arch of Augustus as "the eye of Italy's needle". History Antiquity The arch was built in 27 BC, commis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
