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Clinical Data Standards
Clinical data standards are used to store and communicate information related to healthcare so that its meaning is unambiguous. They are used in clinical practice, in activity analysis and finding, and in research and development. There are many existing and proposed standards and many bodies working in this field. In addition to standards specific to the clinical domain health informatics relies on other standards that are lower in the communications stack, and on many standards from metrology. Clinical data standards and interoperability Interoperability between disparate clinical information systems requires common data standards or mapping of every transaction. However common data standards alone will not provide interoperability, and the other requirements are identified in ''"How Standards will Support Interoperability"'' from the Faculty of Clinical Informatics and ''"Interoperability is more than technology: The role of culture and leadership in joined-up care"'' from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metrology
Metrology is the scientific study of measurement. It establishes a common understanding of units, crucial in linking human activities. Modern metrology has its roots in the French Revolution's political motivation to standardise units in France when a length standard taken from a natural source was proposed. This led to the creation of the decimal-based metric system in 1795, establishing a set of standards for other types of measurements. Several other countries adopted the metric system between 1795 and 1875; to ensure conformity between the countries, the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) was established by the Metre Convention. This has evolved into the International System of Units (SI) as a result of a resolution at the 11th General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) in 1960. Metrology is divided into three basic overlapping activities: * The definition of units of measurement * The realisation of these units of measurement in practice * Traceab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Physician
A physician (American English), medical practitioner (Commonwealth English), medical doctor, or simply doctor, is a health professional who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring health through the study, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of disease, injury, and other physical and mental impairments. Physicians may focus their practice on certain disease categories, types of patients, and methods of treatment—known as specialities—or they may assume responsibility for the provision of continuing and comprehensive medical care to individuals, families, and communities—known as general practice. Medical practice properly requires both a detailed knowledge of the academic disciplines, such as anatomy and physiology, underlying diseases and their treatment—the '' science'' of medicine—and also a decent competence in its applied practice—the art or '' craft'' of medicine. Both the role of the physician and the meani ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PCORI
The Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) is a United States-based non-profit institute created through the 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. It is a government-sponsored organization charged with funding comparative effectiveness research that assists consumers, clinicians, purchasers, and policy makers to make informed decisions intended to improve health care at both the individual and population levels, according to the Institute of Medicine. Medicare considers the Institute's research in determining what sorts of therapies it will cover, although the institute's authorizing legislation set certain limits on uses of the research by federal health agencies. Funding PCORI is funded through the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Trust Fund (PCORTF), which was authorized by the United States Congress as part of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 and reauthorized through the Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020. Its annua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Observational Health Data Sciences And Informatics
Observation is the active acquisition of information from a primary source. In living beings, observation employs the senses. In science, observation can also involve the perception and recording of data via the use of scientific instruments. The term may also refer to any data collected during the scientific activity. Observations can be qualitative, that is, only the absence or presence of a property is noted, or quantitative if a numerical value is attached to the observed phenomenon by counting or measuring. Science The scientific method requires observations of natural phenomena to formulate and test hypotheses. It consists of the following steps: # Ask a question about a natural phenomenon # Make observations of the phenomenon # Formulate a hypothesis that tentatively answers the question # Predict logical, observable consequences of the hypothesis that have not yet been investigated # Test the hypothesis' predictions by an experiment, observational study, field study, or si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Food And Drug Administration
The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA or US FDA) is a federal agency of the Department of Health and Human Services. The FDA is responsible for protecting and promoting public health through the control and supervision of food safety, tobacco products, caffeine products, dietary supplements, prescription and over-the-counter pharmaceutical drugs (medications), vaccines, biopharmaceuticals, blood transfusions, medical devices, electromagnetic radiation emitting devices (ERED), cosmetics, animal foods & feed and veterinary products. The FDA's primary focus is enforcement of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C), but the agency also enforces other laws, notably Section 361 of the Public Health Service Act, as well as associated regulations. Much of this regulatory-enforcement work is not directly related to food or drugs, but involves such things as regulating lasers, cellular phones, and condoms, as well as control of disease in contexts v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sentinel Initiative
Sentinel Initiative is a set of efforts by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) that tries to improve the ability to identify and evaluate safety of medicinal products. It has several parts: Sentinel System, Postmarket Rapid Immunization Safety Monitoring (PRISM) system, and Blood Safety Continuous Active Surveillance Network (BloodSCAN). Part of Sentinel Initiative is a surveillance program for biologics. It is called Biologics Effectiveness and Safety (BEST) Initiative. Sentinel System The Sentinel System uses pre-existing electronic healthcare data (including billing data). Part of the Sentinel System is a tool called Active Postmarket Risk Identification and Analysis (ARIA) system that was mandated in the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Amendments Act (FDAAA) of 2007. See also * Health informatics * Real world data * Real world evidence Real-world evidence (RWE) in medicine is the clinical evidence regarding the usage and potential benefits or risks of a medica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sentinel Common Data Model
Sentinel may refer to: Places Mountains * Mount Sentinel, a mountain next to the University of Montana in Missoula, Montana * Sentinel Buttress, a volcanic crag on James Ross Island, Antarctica * Sentinel Dome, a naturally occurring granite dome in Yosemite National Park, California * Sentinel Mountain (Montana), in Glacier National Park * Sentinel Peak (Alberta) * Sentinel Peak (Antarctica) * Sentinel Peak (Arizona), a peak in the Tucson Mountains * Sentinel Peak (British Columbia) * Sentinel Range, a mountain range in Antarctica * The Sentinel, Hout Bay * The Sentinel (Zion), a sandstone summit in Zion National Park, Utah Elsewhere * Sentinel, Arizona * Sentinel, California * Sentinel, Missouri * Sentinel, Oklahoma * Sentinel Island (other) Arts, entertainment, and media Artworks * ''Sentinel'' (sculpture), a 2000 sculpture by Tim Tolkien * ''Sentinels'' (Hudson), a 2005 public artwork by American artist Jon Barlow Hudson Comics * ''Sentinel'' ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Virtual Medical Record
The Virtual Medical Record (vMR) is a simplified, standardised electronic health record data model designed to support interfacing to clinical decision support (CDS) systems. vMR is compatible with Service-oriented Architecture (SOA) of CDS. The project is sponsored by HL7 Health Level Seven or HL7 refers to a set of international standards for transfer of clinical and administrative data between software applications used by various healthcare providers. These standards focus on the application layer, which is "la .... References {{Health-stub Standards for electronic health records ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
OpenEHR
openEHR is an open standard specification in health informatics that describes the management and storage, retrieval and exchange of health data in electronic health records (EHRs). In openEHR, all health data for a person is stored in a "one lifetime", vendor-independent, person-centred EHR. The openEHR specifications include an EHR Extract specification but are otherwise not primarily concerned with the exchange of data between EHR-systems as this is the focus of other standards such as EN 13606 and HL7. The openEHR specifications are maintained by the openEHR Foundation, a not for profit foundation supporting the open research, development, and implementation of openEHR EHRs. The specifications are based on a combination of 15 years of European and Australian research and development into EHRs and new paradigms, including what has become known as the archetype methodology for specification of content. The openEHR specifications include information and service models for the EHR ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ISO TC 215
The ISO/TC 215 is the International Organization for Standardization's (ISO) Technical Committee (TC) on health informatics. TC 215 works on the standardization of Health Information and Communications Technology (ICT), to allow for compatibility and interoperability between independent systems. Working Groups ISO TC 215 consists of several Working Groups (WG), each dealing with an aspect of Electronic Health Records (EHR). * CAG 1: Executive council, harmonization and operations * WG 1: Data structure * WG 2: Messaging and communications * WG 3: Health Concept Representation * WG 4: Privacy and Security * WG 5: Health Cards >>Transitioned to a Task Force on Health Cards. * WG 6: Pharmacy and medicines business * WG 7: Devices * WG 8: Business requirements for Electronic Health Records * WG 9: SDO Harmonization Task Forces: --e-Business for Healthcare Transactions—Multidisciplinary for Healthcare Clinicians—Harmonized Joint Work Group for Devices—Traditional Medicine (Current ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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