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Clavicipitaceae
The Clavicipitaceae are a family (biology), family of fungi within the order Hypocreales. A 2008 estimate placed 43 genus, genera in the family, but a study in 2020 has increased this number to 50. Phylogeny Molecular phylogeny, phylogenetic analysis of multigene DNA sequence data indicates the taxon Clavicipitaceae (as circumscribed by 2007) is paraphyletic, and consists of three well-defined cladistics, clades, at least one of which is shared with members of another fungal family (Hypocreaceae). The most recent common ancestor of the three clades also include Hypocreaceae as a descendant. The issue seems to have been resolved in Sung ''et al.'' (2007b). Clavicipitaceae becomes restricted to "clade A". Cordycipitaceae is resurrected to hold "clade C". Ophiocordycipitaceae is created to hold "clade B". Evolution The evolution within the Clavicipitaceae (as circumscribed by 2007) is marked by interkingdom host jumping, and the range of this large and heterogeneous fungal grou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metarhizium
''Metarhizium'' is a genus (biology), genus of entomopathogenic fungus, entomopathogenic fungi in the family Clavicipitaceae. With the advent of genetic profiling, placing these fungi in proper taxa has now become possible. Most turn out to be the asexual forms (anamorphs) of fungi in the phylum Ascomycota, including ''Metacordyceps'' spp. Species Before molecular techniques were introduced at the end of the 20th century, ''Metarhizium'' species were identified on morphological (notably Conidium, conidial) characteristics. The 'original' species included: ''Metarhizium anisopliae, M. anisopliae'' (with ''Metarhizium majus, M.a. var. major''), ''Metarhizium brunneum, M. brunneum'', ''Metarhizium cicadinum, M. cicadinum'', ''Metarhizium cylindrosporum, M. cylindrosporum'', ''Metarhizium flavoviride, M. flavoviride'', ''Metarhizium taii, M. taii'', ''Metarhizium truncatum, M. truncatum'', and ''Metarhizium viridicolumnare, M. viridicolumnare''. In 2009, nine former varieties ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ergot Alkaloids
Ergot ( ) or ergot fungi refers to a group of fungus, fungi of the genus ''Claviceps''. The most prominent member of this group is ''Claviceps purpurea'' ("rye ergot fungus"). This fungus grows on rye and related plants, and produces alkaloids that can cause ergotism in humans and other mammals who consume grains contaminated with its fruiting structure (called ''ergot sclerotium''). ''Claviceps'' includes about 50 known species, mostly in the tropical regions. Economically significant species include ''C. purpurea'' (parasitic on Poaceae, grasses and cereals), ''C. fusiformis'' (on pearl millet, buffel grass), ''C. paspali'' (on dallis grass), ''C. africana'' (on sorghum) and ''C. lutea'' (on paspalum). ''C. purpurea'' most commonly affects Open pollination, outcrossing species such as rye (its most common host), as well as triticale, wheat and barley. It affects oats only rarely. ''C. purpurea'' has at least three races or varieties, which differ in their host specificity: *G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cavimalum
''Cavimalum'' is a genus of fungi within the Clavicipitaceae The Clavicipitaceae are a family (biology), family of fungi within the order Hypocreales. A 2008 estimate placed 43 genus, genera in the family, but a study in 2020 has increased this number to 50. Phylogeny Molecular phylogeny, phylogenetic ana ... family. References External linksIndex Fungorum Sordariomycetes genera Clavicipitaceae {{Hypocreales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atkinsonella
''Atkinsonella'' is a genus of fungi within the Clavicipitaceae The Clavicipitaceae are a family (biology), family of fungi within the order Hypocreales. A 2008 estimate placed 43 genus, genera in the family, but a study in 2020 has increased this number to 50. Phylogeny Molecular phylogeny, phylogenetic ana ... family. References External linksIndex Fungorum Sordariomycetes genera Clavicipitaceae {{Hypocreales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berkelella
''Berkelella'' is a genus of fungi in the family Clavicipitaceae . Species As accepted by Species Fungorum ''Index Fungorum'' is an international project to index all formal names (Binomial nomenclature, scientific names) in the fungus Kingdom (biology), kingdom. As of 2015, the project is based at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, one of three partn ...; *'' Berkelella caledonica'' *'' Berkelella stilbigera'' Former species, ''B. stromaticola.. = '' Puttemansia stromaticola'', '' Tubeufiaceae'' family References External linksIndex Fungorum Sordariomycetes genera Clavicipitaceae {{Hypocreales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hypocreales
The Hypocreales are an order of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. In 2008, it was estimated that it contained some 237 genera, and 2647 species in seven families. Since then, a considerable number of further taxa have been identified, including an additional family, the Stachybotryaceae. Wijayawardene et al. in 2020 added more families and genera to the order. According to the Catalog of Life, the Hypocreales contains 6 families, 137 genera, and 1411 species. Hyde et al. (2020a) listed 14 families under Hypocreales, while, Wijayawardene et al. (2022) accepted 15 families in the order, where '' Cylindriaceae'' was additionally added. Earlier, Hyde et al. (2020a) had placed ''Cylindriaceae'' in class Xylariomycetidae. Samarakoon et al. (2022) agreed. Hence, ''Cylindriaceae'' should have been excluded from Hypocreales and placed in Xylariomycetidae. Xiao et al. (2022) recently introduced a new family '' Polycephalomycetaceae'' to Hypocreales.Xiao YP, Wang YB, Hyde KD, El ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Balansiopsis
''Balansiopsis'' is a genus of fungi in the family Clavicipitaceae. Species A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ... in this genus include: * '' Balansiopsis ascelerotiaca'' * '' Balansiopsis asclerotiaca'' * '' Balansiopsis asclerotica'' * '' Balansiopsis gaduae'' * '' Balansiopsis guareae'' * '' Balansiopsis pilulaeformis'' * '' Balansiopsis piluliformis'' * '' Balansiopsis schumanniana'' References Clavicipitaceae Hypocreales genera {{Fungus-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Balansia
''Balansia'' is a genus of fungi in the family Clavicipitaceae The Clavicipitaceae are a family (biology), family of fungi within the order Hypocreales. A 2008 estimate placed 43 genus, genera in the family, but a study in 2020 has increased this number to 50. Phylogeny Molecular phylogeny, phylogenetic ana .... Species from this genus have been found to produce an ergopeptine otherwise unknown in nature, and based upon this discovery it was subsequently named ergobalansineErgot: The Genus Claviceps, Vladimír Křen, Ladislav Cvak References Sordariomycetes genera Clavicipitaceae Taxa named by Carlo Luigi Spegazzini {{Hypocreales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aschersonia
''Aschersonia'' is a genus of fungi in the order Hypocreales and family Clavicipitaceae. The genus name was erected in honour of Paul Friedrich August Ascherson (1834–1913), a German botanist. Species in this genus include entomopathogenic fungi: for example, '' A. aleyrodis'' may be used for biological control of whitefly Whiteflies are Hemipterans that typically feed on the undersides of plant leaves. They comprise the family Aleyrodidae, the only family in the superfamily Aleyrodoidea. More than 1550 species have been described. Description and taxonomy The A ... pests. Species ''Mycobank''Mycobank Database''Aschersonia''/ref> lists the following: # '' Aschersonia abnormis'' # '' Aschersonia acutispora'' # '' Aschersonia aleyrodis'' Webber 1897 # '' Aschersonia amazonica'' # '' Aschersonia andropogonis'' # '' Aschersonia aurantiaca'' # '' Aschersonia australiensis'' Henn. 1903 # '' Aschersonia badia'' # '' Aschersonia basicystis'' # '' Aschersonia blumenaviensis'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Allocordyceps
''Allocordyceps'' is an extinct genus of parasitic fungus in the order Hypocreales that parasitized carpenter ants. The fossil of ''Allocordyceps baltica'', from the Baltic Amber, represents the oldest known fossil of an ant-parasitizing fungus before '' Ophiocordyceps''. Description ''Allocordyceps'' is characterized by its ascoma being an orange color, stalked and cusp shaped. It also has a pair of partially immersed perithecia that emerges from the rectum. Hosts parasitized by ''Allocordyceps'' have separate stromata with separate mycelium emerging from the neck and abdomen. It may have altered its host's behavior similarly to the extant ''Ophiocordyceps unilateralis ''Ophiocordyceps unilateralis'', commonly known as zombie-ant fungus, is an entomopathogenic fungus, insect-pathogenic fungus, discovered by the British naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace in 1859. Zombie ants, infected by the ''Ophiocordyceps unila ...''. References Clavicipitaceae Hypocreales genera M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aciculosporium
''Aciculosporium'' is a genus of fungi in the family Clavicipitaceae. Species of this genus cause witches' broom of bamboo in East Asia. ''Aciculosporium take'' grows intercellularly in witches' broom shoots, including shoot apical meristems. The stroma are produced around the apex of the host shoots. Species The ''index fungorum ''Index Fungorum'' is an international project to index all formal names (scientific names) in the fungus kingdom. As of 2015, the project is based at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, one of three partners along with Landcare Research and th ...'' currently (2021) lists: # '' Aciculosporium monostipum'' (J.F. White, Bills, S.C. Alderman & Spatafora) M. Kolařík & Píchová (2018) # '' Aciculosporium oplismeni'' E. Tanaka (2021) # '' Aciculosporium phalaridis'' (J. Walker) M. Kolařík & Píchová (2018) # '' Aciculosporium sasicola'' Oguchi (2001) # '' Aciculosporium take'' I. Miyake (1908) References Sordariomycetes genera Clavicipitac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ergotamine
Ergotamine, sold under the brand name Ergomar among others, is an ergopeptine and part of the ergot family of alkaloids; it is structurally and biochemically closely related to ergoline. It is structurally similar to several neurotransmitters, and it acts as a vasoconstrictor. It is used for acute migraines, sometimes with caffeine as the combination ergotamine/caffeine. The drug is a non-selective modulator or agonist of serotonin receptors and other receptors. It is peripherally selective and crosses into the brain in minimal amounts. Medicinal use of ergot fungus began in the 16th century, for the induction of childbirth; but dosage uncertainty discouraged its use. It has been used to prevent post-partum hemorrhage (bleeding after childbirth). It was first isolated from the ergot fungus by Arthur Stoll, at Sandoz in 1918, and was marketed as Gynergen in 1921. Medical uses Ergotamine is indicated as therapy to abort or prevent vascular headache. Available ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
