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Clausilium
The clausilium is a calcareous anatomical structure which is found in one group of air-breathing land snails: terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Clausiliidae, the door snails. The clausilium is one part of the clausilial apparatus. The presence of a clausilium is the reason for the common name "door snails", because all the snails in this family have a roughly spoon-shaped "door" or clausilium, which can slide down to close the aperture of the shell. However, this structure is emphatically not the same thing as an operculum, which is virtually non-existent in pulmonate snails, only occurring in the Amphiboloidea. The exact shape of the clausilium varies from genus to genus: it can be tongue-shaped, spoon-shaped or spatula-shaped. The wide flat end of the clausilium can close the aperture of the snail shell, and thus protect the soft parts against predation by animals such as carnivorous beetle larvae. The narrow end of the clausilium slides in a groove, whi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clausiliidae
Clausiliidae, also known by the common name door snails, is a Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic family (biology), family of small, very elongate, mostly Gastropod shell#Chirality in gastropods, left-handed, air-breathing land snails, sinistral terrestrial molluscs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc, mollusks.MolluscaBase eds. (2023). MolluscaBase. Clausiliidae L. Pfeiffer & J. E. Gray, 1855. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.molluscabase.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=833936 on 2023-04-11 With over 1700 recognized recent and fossil species,MolluscaBase eds. (2023). MolluscaBase. Clausiliidae L. Pfeiffer & J. E. Gray, 1855. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.molluscabase.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=833936 on 2023-04-11 this is among the most diverse families of terrestrial gastropods (cf. Orthalicidae), although the marine gastropod family Pyramidellidae is larger. Most species of Clausiliidae have an anatomical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cochlodina Laminata
''Cochlodina laminata'' is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Clausiliidae, the door snails, all of which have a clausilium. Six subspecies are recognized: Distribution This species occurs in much of Europe, as well as Russia and Ukraine. Description Like all species in the family Clausiliidae, ''Cochlodina laminata'' has a clausilium or "door". The second image shows the shape of the clausilium in this species. The shell is brown to cherry red, nearly smooth and shiny. The parietalis is small, the columellaris is more prominent, the palatal callus is weak, the subcolumellaris is visible in an oblique view. . The weight of the adult live snail is about 138±5 mg. References Further reading * Sysoev, A. V. & Schileyko, A. A. (2009). Land snails and slugs of Russia and adjacent countries. Sofia/Moskva (Pensoft). 312 pp., 142 plates External links Montagu, G. (1803). Testacea Britannica or natural hist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Macrogastra Plicatula
''Macrogastra plicatula'' is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Clausiliidae, the door snails.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Macrogastra plicatula (Draparnaud, 1801). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1050411 on 2021-06-01 ;Subspecies: * ''Macrogastra plicatula amiatensis'' H. Nordsieck, 2006 * ''Macrogastra plicatula apennina'' (Gentiluomo, 1868) * ''Macrogastra plicatula aprutica'' H. Nordsieck, 2006 * ''Macrogastra plicatula licana'' (A. J. Wagner, 1912) * ''Macrogastra plicatula nana'' (Parreyss in Schmidt 1857) * ''Macrogastra plicatula plicatula'' (Draparnaud, 1801) * ''Macrogastra plicatula plicosula'' (M. von Gallenstein, 1852) * ''Macrogastra plicatula superflua'' (Charpentier, 1852) Description Like all the species in this family, ''Macrogastra plicatula'' has a clausilium. The weight of the adult live snail is 66.0±1.6 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alinda Biplicata
''Alinda biplicata'', also known as ''Balea biplicata'', common name the two-lipped door snail or Thames door snail, is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Clausiliidae, the door snails, all of which have a clausilium. Kantor Yu I., Vinarski M. V., Schileyko A. A. & Sysoev A. V. (published online on March 2, 2010). "Catalogue of the continental mollusks of Russia and adjacent territories". http://www.ruthenica.com/documents/Continental_Russian_molluscs_ver2-3-1.pdf Version 2.3.1. Distribution This species is known to occur in several European countries and islands, including: * Czech Republic * Poland * Slovakia * Hungary * Romania * Bulgaria * Greece * Slovenia * Croatia * Serbia * Switzerland * Austria * Germany * France * Belgium * Netherlands * Denmark * Sweden * Great Britain This species is rare in Great Britain. In England, it is found mainly in the London area, almost exclusively along the River Thames, and is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calcareous
Calcareous () is an adjective meaning "mostly or partly composed of calcium carbonate", in other words, containing lime (mineral), lime or being chalky. The term is used in a wide variety of Science, scientific disciplines. In zoology ''Calcareous'' is used as an adjectival term applied to anatomical structures which are made primarily of calcium carbonate, in animals such as gastropods, i.e., snails, specifically in relation to such structures as the operculum (gastropod), operculum, the clausilium, and the love dart. The term also applies to the calcium carbonate Test (biology), tests of, often, more-or-less microscopic Foraminifera. Not all tests are calcareous; diatoms and radiolaria have siliceous tests. The molluscs are calcareous organisms, as are the Calcarea, calcareous sponges (Calcarea), that have spicules which are made of calcium carbonate. Additionally, reef-building corals, or Scleractinia, are calcareous organisms that form their rigid skeletal structure th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clausilia Dubia
''Clausilia dubia'' is a species of small, very elongate, left-handed air-breathing land snail, a sinistral terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Clausiliidae, the door snails, all of which have a clausilium.MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Clausilia dubia Draparnaud, 1805. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1050049 on 2020-08-17 Subspecies * ''Clausilia dubia alpicola'' Clessin, 1878 * ''Clausilia dubia bucculenta'' Klemm, 1960 * ''Clausilia dubia carpathica'' Brancsik, 1888 * ''Clausilia dubia dubia'' Draparnaud, 1805 * ''Clausilia dubia dydima'' F. J. Schmidt, 1847 * ''Clausilia dubia floningiana'' Westerlund, 1890 * ''Clausilia dubia geretica'' Bourguignat, 1877 * ''Clausilia dubia gracilior'' Clessin, 1887 * ''Clausilia dubia gratiosa'' Sajó, 1968 * ''Clausilia dubia grimmeri'' L. Pfeiffer, 1848 * ''Clausilia dubia huettneri'' Klemm, 1960 * ''Clausilia dubia ingenua'' Hudec & Brab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Larva
A larva (; : larvae ) is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into their next life stage. Animals with indirect development such as insects, some arachnids, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle. A larva's appearance is generally very different from the adult form (''e.g.'' caterpillars and butterflies) including different unique structures and organs that do not occur in the adult form. Their diet may also be considerably different. In the case of smaller primitive arachnids, the larval stage differs by having three instead of four pairs of legs. Larvae are frequently adapted to different environments than adults. For example, some larvae such as tadpoles live almost exclusively in aquatic environments but can live outside water as adult frogs. By living in a distinct environment, larvae may be given shelter from predators and reduce competition for resources with the adult population. Animals in the lar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Columella (mollusc)
The columella (meaning "little column") or (in older texts) pillar is a central anatomical feature of a coiled snail shell, a gastropod shell. The columella is often only clearly visible as a structure when the shell is broken, sliced in half vertically, or viewed as an X-ray image. The columella runs from the apex of the shell to the midpoint of the undersurface of the shell, or the tip of the siphonal canal in those shells which have a siphonal canal. If a snail shell is visualized as a cone of shelly material which is wrapped around a central axis, then the columella more or less coincides spatially with the central axis of the shell. In the case of shells that have an umbilicus, the columella is a hollow structure. The columella of some groups of gastropod shells can have a number of plications or folds (the columellar fold, plaits or plicae), which are usually visible when looking to the inner lip into the aperture of the shell. These folds can be wide or narrow, prominent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lamella (zoology)
Lamellae on a gecko's foot. In surface anatomy, a lamella is a thin plate-like structure, often one amongst many lamellae very close to one another, with open space between. Aside from respiratory organs such as book lungs, they appear in other biological roles including filter feeding and the traction surfaces of geckos. Gecko feet consist of millions of setae made of β-keratin arranged into lamellate structures called spatula, which allow adhesion to walls due to creating more Van der Waals force between the gecko's feet and the wall. In fish, gill lamellae are used to increase the surface area in contact with the environment to maximize gas exchange (both to attain oxygen and to expel carbon dioxide) between the water and the blood. In fish gills, there are two types of lamellae, primary and secondary. The primary gill lamellae (also called gill filament) extends from the gill arch, and the secondary gill lamellae extends from the primary gill lamellae. Gas exchange prim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Garage Door Opener
A garage door opener is a motorized device that opens and closes a garage door controlled by switches on the garage wall. Most also include a handheld radio remote control carried by the owner, which can be used to open and close the door from a short distance. The electric opener The electric overhead garage door opener was invented by C.G. Johnson in 1926 in Hartford City, Indiana. Electric Garage Door openers did not become popular until Era Meter Company of Chicago offered one after World War II where the overhead garage door could be opened via a key pad located on a post at the end of the driveway or a switch inside the garage. As in an elevator, the electric motor does not provide most of the power to move a heavy garage door. Instead, most of door's weight is offset by the counterbalance springs attached to the door. (Even manually operated garage doors have counterbalances; otherwise, they would be too heavy for a person to open or close them.) In a typical desi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amphiboloidea
Amphiboloidea is a taxonomic superfamily of air-breathing land snails. Distribution Amphibolids are found in Indo-Pacific intertidal mangrove, saltmarsh and estuarine mudflat habitats. Taxonomy 2005 taxonomy According to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005), it is a superfamily in the informal group Basommatophora, within the Pulmonata. This superfamily has contained only one family, the Amphibolidae. 2007 taxonomy Golding et al. (2007)Golding R. E., Ponder W. F. & Byrne M. (2007). "Taxonomy and anatomy of Amphiboloidea (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia: Archaeopulmonata)". ''Zootaxa'' 1476: 1-50abstract have established new families: * Maningrididae Golding, Ponder & Byrne, 2007 - with the only species '' Maningrida arnhemensis'' * Phallomedusidae Golding, Ponder & Byrne, 2007 2010 taxonomy Basommatophora ( Siphonarioidea and Amphiboloidea and Hygrophila) have been found polyphyletic and so Jörger et al. (2010)Jörger K. M., Stöger I., Kano Y ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Land Snail
A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. ''Land snail'' is the common name for terrestrial molluscs, terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have gastropod shell, shells (those without shells are known as slugs). However, it is not always easy to say which species are terrestrial, because some are more or less amphibious between land and fresh water, and others are relatively amphibious between land and salt water. Land snails are a Polyphyly, polyphyletic group comprising at least ten independent evolutionary transitions to terrestrial life (the last common ancestor of all gastropods was marine). The majority of land snails are pulmonates that have a lung and breathe air. Most of the non-pulmonate land snails belong to lineages in the Caenogastropoda, and tend to have a gill and an operculum (gastropod), operculum. The largest clade of non-pulmonate land snails is the Cyclophoroidea, with more than 7,0 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
