Christian Louboutin Ltd.
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Christian Louboutin Ltd.
Christian Louboutin (; born 7 January 1964) is a French fashion designer. His stiletto footwear incorporates shiny, red-lacquered soles that have become his signature. Initially a freelance designer for fashion houses, he started his shoe salon in Paris, with his shoes finding favour with celebrity clientele. He has partnered with other organizations for projects including limited edition pieces, gallery exhibits, and a custom bar. His company has since branched out into men's luxury footwear, handbags, fragrances, and makeup. Early life Louboutin was born and raised in Paris's 12th arrondissement. He was the only son of Roger, a cabinet-maker, and Irene, a homemaker from Brittany. He had three sisters. Louboutin said in a 2012 interview that he was "much darker-skinned than everyone else in my family. You know, I felt like I wasn't French. My family was very French and so I decided they had probably adopted me. But instead of feeling it was terrible and that I was an outsi ...
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Fashion Designer
Fashion design is the Art (skill), art of applied arts, applying design, aesthetics, clothing construction, and natural beauty to clothing and its Fashion accessory, accessories. It is influenced by diverse cultures and different trends and has varied over time and place. "A fashion designer creates clothing, including dresses, suits, pants, and skirts, and accessories like shoes and handbags, for consumers. They can specialize in clothing, accessory, or Jewellery, jewelry design, or may work in more than one of these areas." Fashion designers Fashion designers work in a variety of ways when designing their pieces and accessories such as rings, bracelets, necklaces, earrings and clothes. Due to the time required to put a garment out on the market, designers must Fashion forecasting, anticipate changes to consumer desires. Fashion designers are responsible for creating looks for individual garments, involving shape, color, fabric, trimming, and more. Fashion designers attempt to d ...
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Musée National Des Arts D'Afrique Et D'Océanie
The Musée national des Arts d'Afrique et d'Océanie (; National Museum of Arts of Africa and Oceania) was a museum formerly located in the Palais de la Porte Dorée on the edge of the Bois de Vincennes at 293, avenue Daumesnil in the 12th arrondissement of Paris, France. The museum began as the Paris Colonial Exposition, colonial exhibition of 1931, was renamed in 1935 the Musée de la France d’Outre-mer, then in 1960 the Musée des Arts africains et océaniens, and finally in 1990 the Musée national des Arts d'Afrique et d'Océanie. In 2003 the museum's collection was merged into the Musée du quai Branly, and in its place the Palais de la Porte Dorée now houses the Cité nationale de l'histoire de l'immigration. Its tropical aquarium remains in the cellar of the Palais de la Porte Dorée and is open to the public. See also * List of museums in Paris References Palais de la Porte Dorée - Cité nationale de l'histoire de l'immigrationAquarium Tropical, Palais de la Porte Do ...
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Catherine Deneuve
Catherine Fabienne Dorléac (born 22 October 1943), known professionally as Catherine Deneuve (, , ), is a French actress. She is considered one of the greatest European actresses on film. In 2020, ''The New York Times'' ranked her as one of the greatest actors of the 21st century. Deneuve made her screen debut in 1957 at age 13, in a film shot the previous year when she was only 12. A major figure of the French New Wave, New Wave, she became, like Brigitte Bardot and Alain Delon, one of the best-known French artists in the world. In a career spanning nearly 70 years, she has played more than a hundred roles and is recognized in France and internationally for being one of the key faces of the Musical film, musical film genre with appearances in ''The Umbrellas of Cherbourg'', ''The Young Girls of Rochefort,'' ''Donkey Skin (film), Donkey Skin'', ''8 Women'' and ''The Beloved (2011 film), The Beloved.'' Early in her career, she gained acclaim for her portrayals of aloof and myste ...
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Diane Von Fürstenberg
Diane von Fürstenberg (born Diane Simone Michele Halfin; 31 December 1946) is a Belgian fashion designer best known for her wrap dress. She initially rose to prominence in 1969 when she married into the German princely House of Fürstenberg, as the wife of Prince Egon von Fürstenberg. Following their separation in 1972 and divorce in 1983, she has continued to use his family name. Her fashion company, Diane von Furstenberg (DvF), is available in over 70 countries and 45 free-standing shops worldwide,Jess Cartner-MorleyDiane von Furstenberg: "I danced at Studio 54. Now I work with Google" theguardian.com, 1 July 2014. with the company's headquarters and flagship boutique located in Manhattan's Meatpacking District. She is the past chairwoman of the Council of Fashion Designers of America (CFDA), a position she held from 2006 to 2019; in 2014 was listed as the 68th most powerful woman in the world by ''Forbes''; and in 2015 was included in the ''Time'' 100, as an icon, b ...
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Princess Caroline Of Monaco
Princess Caroline of Monaco (born 23 January 1957) is Princess of Hanover by marriage to Prince Ernst August. As the eldest child of Rainier III, Prince of Monaco, and Grace Kelly, she is the elder sister of Albert II, Prince of Monaco, and Princess Stéphanie. She was Hereditary Princess of Monaco and heir presumptive to the Monegasque throne from her birth in 1957 until her brother Albert was born the following year, and again from Albert's accession in 2005 until the birth of his twins, her niece Gabriella and nephew Jacques, in 2014. Family and early life Caroline was born on 23 January 1957 in the Prince's Palace, Monaco. She is the eldest child of Rainier III, Prince of Monaco, and his wife, former American actress Grace Kelly. Christened Caroline Louise Marguerite, she belongs to the House of Grimaldi. She was the heiress presumptive from her birth to 14 March 1958, when her brother Prince Albert was born. On 1 February 1965, her younger sister Princess Stéphanie ...
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Vogue (magazine)
''Vogue'' (stylized in all caps), also known as American ''Vogue'', is a monthly Fashion journalism, fashion and lifestyle magazine that covers style news, including haute couture fashion, beauty, culture, living, and Fashion show#Catwalk, runway. It is part of the global collection of Condé Nast's VOGUE media. Headquartered at One World Trade Center in the FiDi, Financial District of Lower Manhattan, ''Vogue'' began in 1892 as a weekly newspaper before becoming a monthly magazine years later. Since its founding, ''Vogue'' has featured numerous actors, musicians, models, athletes, and other prominent celebrities. British Vogue, British ''Vogue'', launched in 1916, was the first international edition, while the Italian version ''Vogue Italia'' has been called the top fashion magazine in the world. As of March 2025, there are 28 international editions. Eleven of these editions are published by Condé Nast (British Vogue, ''British Vogue'', ''Vogue Arabia'', ''Vogue China'', ''Vo ...
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Maud Frizon
Maud Frizon de Marco (born Danielle Maud Frizon; 1941 in Paris, France) is a fashion designer specializing in women's shoes. She began her career in the 1960s as a model for Parisian Haute Couture Houses of Nina Ricci, Jean Patou, and André Courrèges. At the time models had to provide their own shoes to match the clothes designers assigned them for their runway shows and photo shoots. Frizon disliked the available shoes from other designers, and in 1969 elected to create her own and opened her first boutique in the Saint-Germain-des-Prés district of Paris. That first shoe collection, with each pair hand-cut and finished, was praised by critics as sexy and unpredictable. Frizon was an immediate success. Building on the traditions of Beth Levine and foreshadowing the later designs of Manolo Blahnik, Frizon shoes were showy and extravagant, and her name joined the ranks of the haute couture boutiques. At the height of her success in the 1980s her reputation was similar to t ...
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Yves Saint Laurent (brand)
Yves Saint Laurent SAS (, , , ), also known as Saint Laurent and YSL, is a French luxury fashion house founded in 1961 by Yves Saint Laurent and his partner, Pierre Bergé. The company specializes in '' couture'', ready-to-wear, leather accessories, and footwear. Its cosmetics line, YSL Beauty, is owned by L'Oréal. Cédric Charbit has been CEO of Yves Saint Laurent since 2024, and Anthony Vaccarello creative director since 2016. In 2024, Yves Saint Laurent reported 2.9 billion euros in sales. History The eponymous brand was established in 1962 by designer Yves Saint Laurent and his partner, Pierre Bergé. The brand's logos were designed in 1963 by A. M. Cassandre. During the 1960s and 1970s, YSL popularized the beatnik look, safari jackets, tight pants, and thigh-high boots. In 1966, YSL debuted '' Le Smoking'', a tuxedo suit for women. In an attempt to democratize fashion, YSL began producing ready-to-wear in 1966, with its launch of ''Rive Gauche,'' and is considered t ...
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Chanel
Chanel ( , ) is a French luxury fashion house founded in 1910 by Coco Chanel in Paris. It is privately owned by French brothers, Alain and Gérard Wertheimer, through the holding company Chanel Limited, established in 2018 and headquartered in London. Chanel specializes in women's ready-to-wear, luxury goods, and accessories and licenses its name and branding to Luxottica for eyewear. Chanel is well known for its No. 5 perfume and "Chanel Suit". Chanel is credited for revolutionizing ''haute couture'' and ready-to-wear by replacing structured, corseted silhouettes with more functional garments that women still found flattering. History Coco Chanel era ;Establishment and recognition (1909–1920s) The House of Chanel originated in 1909, when Gabrielle Chanel opened a millinery shop at 160 Boulevard Malesherbes, the ground floor of the Parisian flat of the socialite and textile businessman Étienne Balsan, of whom she was the mistress. Because the Balsan flat also w ...
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Roger Vivier (brand)
Roger Vivier is a French fashion accessories label founded by Roger Vivier in 1937 that specializes in shoes. In the early 1950s, the brand's namesake designer produced the first modern stiletto heel. Another signature design associated with the brand is the Belle Vivier, an elegant pump with a large chrome-plated buckle. The pump made its debut at the Yves Saint Laurent (designer), Yves Saint Laurent's fashion show in 1965 and it became one of the most in-demand styles of the decade. In 1967, the shoes were forever immortalized in Luis Buñuel, Luis Buñel’s film Belle de Jour (film), ''Belle de Jour'' when Catherine Deneuve wore them. History Vivier created the label in 1937 and gained immediate popularity for the creation of wedge soles, notably worn by Marlene Dietrich, and later with the modern creation of the stiletto heel in 1954. Along with Marlene Dietrich, the label was worn by a number of mid-century celebrities and socialites including Gloria Guinness, Cary Grant, Jacq ...
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Roger Vivier
Roger Henri Vivier (13 November 1907 – 2 October 1998) was a French fashion designer who specialized in shoes. He is best known for creating the modern day stiletto heel and for placing a chrome-plated buckle on an elegant black pump, which became a must-have fashion statement for many celebrities and stars in the 50s and 60s. His namesake label is Roger Vivier (brand). Early life and education Orphaned at the age of nine, Vivier studied sculpture at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris and his compositions exhibited the concern for form and texture characteristic of a sculptor. Career Vivier has been called the " Fragonard of the shoe" and his shoes "the Fabergé of Footwear" by numbers of critics. He designed extravagant, richly decorated shoes that he described as sculptures. The designer became widely known in 1937 thanks to the creation of wedge soles, notably worn by Marlene Dietrich. During the Second World War, while exiled in New York, he made hats. In 1954, ...
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Charles Jourdan
Charles Jourdan (188312 February 1976) was a French fashion designer known best for his designs of women's shoes starting in 1919. His name reached its greatest reputation in the years since his death under the leadership of his sons, first with an emphasis on the use of innovative materials and later for more conservative designs. After 2000 the company went into decline and was sold to investment bankers. Biography Originally trained as a shoemaker, after World War I Jourdan opened a shoe shop in Romans-sur-Isère in the Drôme region of France, the center of France's shoe industry. His lines of women's shoes prospered, and this became the focus of his career. After only two years Jourdan moved his shoe company into a factory on Boulevard Voltaire in 1921 and employed over 30 people in Romans. In the 1930s, Jourdan was the first shoe designer to place advertisements in the high-end fashion magazines, which helped to identify his name as an haute couture house. In 1947 his ...
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