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Chinnamasta
Chhinnamasta (, :"She whose head is severed"), often spelled Chinnamasta, and also called Chhinnamastika, Chhinnamasta Kali, Prachanda Chandika and Jogani Maa (in western states of India), is a Hindu goddess (Devi). She is one of the Mahavidyas, ten goddesses from the esoteric tradition of Tantra, and a ferocious aspect of Mahadevi, the Hindu Mother goddess. The self-decapitated nude goddess, usually standing or seated on a divine copulating couple, holding her own severed head in one hand and a scimitar in another. Three jets of blood spurt out of her bleeding neck and are drunk by her severed head and two attendants. Chhinnamasta is a goddess of contradictions. She symbolises both aspects of Devi: a life-giver and a life-taker. She is considered both a symbol of sexual self-control and an embodiment of sexual energy, depending upon interpretation. She represents death, temporality, and destruction as well as life, immortality, and recreation. The goddess conveys spiritua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mekhala And Kanakhala
Mekhala ( or Mahakhala – "Elder Mischievous Girl", "The Elder Severed-Headed Sister") and Kanakhala (Kankhala, – "Younger Mischievous Girl", "The Younger Severed-Headed Sister") are two sisters who figure in the eighty-four mahasiddhas ("great adept") of Vajrayana Buddhism. Both are described as the disciples of another mahasiddha, Kanhapa (Krishnacharya). They are said to have severed their heads, offered them to their guru, and danced headless. Their legend is closely associated with the Buddhist severed-headed goddess Chinnamunda. Legend ''The Legends of the Eighty-four Mahasiddhas'' (, written by the Tibetan monk Mondup Sherab, which was narrated to him by Abhayadattashri c. 12th century) narrates the following tale: Mekhala and Kanakhala were daughters of a householder in Devīkoṭṭa (now in Bengal), who married them to sons of a boatman. Their husbands taunted them and their neighbours gossiped about them. Finally, Kanakhala could not take the abuse any more and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vajrayogini
Vajrayoginī (; , Dorjé Naljorma) is an important figure in Buddhism, especially revered in Tibetan Buddhism. In Vajrayana she is considered a female Buddhahood, Buddha and a . Vajrayoginī is often described with the epithet ''sarvabuddhaḍākiṇī'', meaning "the [who is the Essence] of all Buddhas". She is an Anuttarayoga Tantra meditational deity (Iṣṭadevatā (Buddhism), iṣṭadevatā) and her practice includes methods for preventing ordinary death, intermediate state (bardo) and rebirth (Saṃsāra, samsara) by transforming them into paths to enlightenment, and for transforming all mundane daily experiences into higher spiritual paths. The origins of Vajrayoginī teachings date from between the 10th and 12th centuries, and draw inspiration from Hindu Tantra#Śaiva and Śākta tantra, Shaiva tantras. She appears as the consort of Padma Thotreng Tsal, and of Cakrasaṃvara, while in Vajrayoginī standalone practice, her inseparable consorts are represented by the kh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blood Squirt
Blood squirt (blood spurt, blood spray, blood gush, or blood jet) is a projectile expulsion of blood when an artery is ruptured. Blood pressure causes the blood to bleed out at a rapid, intermittent rate in a spray or jet, coinciding with the pulse, rather than the slower, but steady flow of venous bleeding. Also known as arterial bleeding, arterial spurting, or arterial gushing, the amount of blood loss can be copious, occur very rapidly, and can lead to death by exsanguination. Anatomy In cut carotid arteries with 100 mL of blood through the heart at each beat (at 65 beats a minute), a completely severed artery will spurt blood for about 30 seconds and the blood will not spurt much higher than the human head. If the artery is just nicked, on the other hand, the blood will spurt longer, but will be coming out under pressure and spraying much further. To prevent hand ischemia, there is a "squirt test" that involves squirting blood from the radial artery, which is used in int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinnamunda
Chinnamunda is a Buddhist goddess. She is held as an aspect of Vajrayogini or Vajravārāhī. Iconography Her attributes and iconography are similar to those of the Hindu goddess Chinnamasta, although according to David Kinsley, Chinnamunda probably predates her Hindu counterpart. The main difference among them is that Chinnamasta is often portrayed as standing on a copulating couple, while Chinnamunda is not. Chinnamunda is often portrayed alongside Mekhala and Kanakhala, the two headless sisters, Indian Buddhist tantric adepts who appear on the list of the 84 Mahasiddhas. Story According to a Buddhist story, Chinnamunda was a princess named Lakshminkara who once displeased her father. He sentenced punishment on her, but she replied that she would punish herself, and severed her own head with a golden razor. She then proceeded to parade around the city holding her head. As a consequence, the citizens called her ''Chinnamunda''. She was eventually reborn as a devotee of Padmas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahavidyas
The ''Mahavidya'' (, , lit. ''Great Wisdoms'') are a group of ten Hinduism, Hindu Tantra, Tantric Devi, goddesses. The ten Mahavidyas are usually named in the following sequence: Kali, Tara (Devi), Tara, Tripura Sundari, Bhuvaneshvari, Bhairavi, Chhinnamasta, Dhumavati, Bagalamukhi, Matangi and Kamalatmika. Nevertheless, the formation of this group encompass divergent and varied religious traditions that include ''yogini'' worship, Shaivism, Vaishnavism, and Vajrayana Buddhism. The development of the Mahavidyas represents an important turning point in the history of Shaktism as it marks the rise of the Bhakti aspect in Shaktism, which reached its zenith in 1700 CE. First sprung forth in the post-Puranic age, around 6th century CE, it was a new theistic movement in which the supreme being was envisioned as female. A fact epitomized by texts like ''Devi-Bhagavata Purana'', especially its last nine chapters (31–40) of the seventh ''skandha'', which are known as the ''Devi Gita'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahadevi
Mahadevi (, , IPA: / mɐɦɑd̪eʋiː/), also referred to as Adi Parashakti, and Mahamaya, is the supreme goddess in Hinduism. According to the goddess-centric sect Shaktism, all Hindu gods and goddesses are considered to be manifestations of this great goddess, who is considered as the '' Para Brahman'' or the ultimate reality. Shaktas often worship her as Durga, also believing her to have many other forms. Mahadevi is mentioned as the ''Mulaprakriti'' (Primordial Goddess) in Shakta texts, having five primary forms—Parvati, Lakshmi, Sarasvati, Gayatri and Radha—collectively referred to as ''Panchaprakriti''. Besides these, Goddess Tripura Sundari, a form of Devi, is often identified with the supreme goddess Mahadevi in Shaktism. Author Helen T. Boursier says: "In Hindu philosophy, both Lakshmi (primary goddess in Vaishnavism) and Parvati (primary goddess of Shaivism) are identified as manifestations of this great goddess—Mahadevi—and the Shakti or divine power". ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahavidya
The ''Mahavidya'' (, , lit. ''Great Wisdoms'') are a group of ten Hindu Tantric goddesses. The ten Mahavidyas are usually named in the following sequence: Kali, Tara, Tripura Sundari, Bhuvaneshvari, Bhairavi, Chhinnamasta, Dhumavati, Bagalamukhi, Matangi and Kamalatmika. Nevertheless, the formation of this group encompass divergent and varied religious traditions that include ''yogini'' worship, Shaivism, Vaishnavism, and Vajrayana Buddhism. The development of the Mahavidyas represents an important turning point in the history of Shaktism as it marks the rise of the Bhakti aspect in Shaktism, which reached its zenith in 1700 CE. First sprung forth in the post-Puranic age, around 6th century CE, it was a new theistic movement in which the supreme being was envisioned as female. A fact epitomized by texts like ''Devi-Bhagavata Purana'', especially its last nine chapters (31–40) of the seventh ''skandha'', which are known as the ''Devi Gita'', and soon became central t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maharaja Sayajirao University Of Baroda
Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, formerly Baroda College, is a public university in the city of Vadodara, Gujarat, India. Originally established as a college in 1881, it became a public university on April 30, 1949 and was renamed after its benefactor Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad III, the former ruler of Baroda State. The university offers undergraduate, postgraduate, and doctoral programs. It houses 89 departments spread over 6 campuses (2 rural and 4 urban) covering 275 acres of land. History The university has its origins in the Baroda College, established in 1881 by Baroda State. The main building, which houses the Faculty of Arts, was designed by Robert Chisholm (architect), Robert Fellowes Chisholm in Indo-Saracenic architecture style, in a fusion of Indian and Byzantine arches and domes in brick and polychrome stone. The main dome on the convocation hall was modelled after the great dome of the Gol Gumbaz in Bijapur, Karnataka, Bijapur. Pratap Singh Gaekwad of Ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brihat Tantrasara
Brihat Tantrasara or Tantrasara is a famous work on the social worship system of the various goddesses of the Dasamahavidya mentioned in various texts of Tantra Sadhana. Krishnananda Agambagish, a well-versed Tantric devotee of Tantra, wrote the famous book ''Brihat Tantrasara'' based on 170 Tantra Sadhana texts. This famous work of him is appreciated all over the country. Krishnananda was liberal, he had no bigotry about religion. Therefore, Tantrasara texts have been inserted by taking the essence of Tantra texts of Shaiva, Ganapathi, Shakta, Vaishnavism Vaishnavism () ), also called Vishnuism, is one of the major Hindu denominations, Hindu traditions, that considers Vishnu as the sole Para Brahman, supreme being leading all other Hindu deities, that is, ''Mahavishnu''. It is one of the majo ... and Solar community. References Additional reading * Hindu tantric texts Shaktism {{Hinduism-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahasiddha
Mahasiddha (Sanskrit: ''mahāsiddha'' "great adept; ) is a term for someone who embodies and cultivates the "siddhi of perfection". A siddha is an individual who, through the practice of sādhanā, attains the realization of siddhis, psychic and spiritual abilities and powers. Mahasiddhas were practitioners of yoga and tantra, or ''tantrika''s. Their historical influence throughout the Indian subcontinent and the Himalayas was vast and they reached mythic proportions as codified in their songs of realization and hagiography, hagiographies, or Namtar (biography), namtars, many of which have been preserved in the Tibetan Buddhist canon. The Mahasiddhas are identified as founders of Vajrayana traditions and lineage (Buddhism), lineages such as Dzogchen and Mahamudra, as well as among Bon, Bön, Nath, Nāth, and Tamil Siddhar, siddhars, with the same Mahasiddha sometimes serving simultaneously as a founding figure for different traditions. Robert Thurman explains the symbiotic relati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kanhapa
Kānhapā, Kanha or Kanhapada or Krishnacharya ( c 10th century AD) was one of the main poets of ''Charyapada'', the earliest known example of Assamese, Bengali, Maithili, Bhojpuri, and Odia literature. He was a tantric Buddhist and a disciplle of JalandhaPage21Kanhapada is also a prominent siddhacharya to Nath Sampradaya after Matsyendranatha and Gorakhnath. His poems in Charjyapad are written in a code, whereby every poem has a descriptive or narrative surface meaning but also encodes tantric Buddhist teachings. Some experts believe this was to conceal sacred knowledge from the uninitiated, while others hold that it was to avoid religious persecution. In one of his poems, Kanhupa wrote: The language of Kanhupa's poetry bears a very strong resemblance to modern Bangla and Odia. For example, Padama (Padma:Lotus), Chausatthi (64), Pakhudi (petals) Tahin (there, in that), Charhi (climb/rise), nachai (dances), Dombi (a Bengali or Odia woman belonging to the scheduled ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
