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Chinese Empress
The following is a list of empresses and queens consort of China. China has periodically been divided into kingdoms as well as united under empires, resulting in consorts titled both queen and empress. The empress title could also be given posthumously. Empresses and queens consort The title of empress consort (, ''húanghòu'') could also be given posthumously. The posthumous empresses are listed separately by the year they were given the title. Zhou dynasty Western Han dynasty Xin dynasty Eastern Han dynasty * AD 26–41: Guo Shengtong * 41–57: Empress Yin Lihua * 60–75: Empress Ma (Han dynasty), Empress Ma * 78–88: Empress Zhangde, Empress Dou * 96–102: Empress Yin (He), Empress Yin * 102–106: Empress Deng Sui * 108–125: Empress Yan Ji * 132–144: Empress Liang Na * 147–159: Empress Liang Nüying * 159–165: Empress Deng Mengnü * 165–168: Empress Dou Miao * 171–178: Empress Song (Han dynasty), Empress Song * 180–189: Empress He (Han dynasty), Emp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tai Si
Tai Si (, – 11th century BC) was the wife of King Wen of Zhou and is revered as a highly respected woman of ancient China. She was a descendant of Yu the Great – founder of the Xia dynasty – and was the mother of ten sons, including King Wu of Zhou – founder of the Zhou dynasty – and his younger brother the Duke of Zhou. Particularly respected by Wu Zetian, China's only Empress regnant, Tai Si and King Wen were posthumously given the temple names "Shizu" () in 690 AD. Life Tai Si is said to be born in the Youxin clan () of the ancestral name Si, from what is now Heyang County, Shaanxi Province. Han dynasty historian Sima Qian wrote that she was originally from the older State of Qi or State of Zeng, both in and around modern-day Henan Province.''Records of the Grand Historian The ''Shiji'', also known as ''Records of the Grand Historian'' or ''The Grand Scribe's Records'', is a Chinese historical text that is the first of the Twenty-Four Histories of imperial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King You Of Zhou
King You of Zhou (795–771 BC), personal name Ji Gongsheng, was a king of the Chinese Zhou dynasty and the last from the Western Zhou dynasty. He reigned from 781 to 771 BC. History In 780 BC, a major earthquake struck Guanzhong. A soothsayer named Bo Yangfu () considered this an omen foretelling the destruction of the Zhou Dynasty. In 779 BC, a concubine named Bao Si entered the palace and came into the King You's favour. They had a son named Bofu. King You deposed and Crown Prince Yijiu. He made Bao Si the new queen and Bofu the new crown prince. Queen Shen's father, the Marquess of Shen, was furious at the deposition of his daughter and grandson Crown Prince Yijiu and mounted an attack on King You's palace with the Quanrong. King You called for his nobles using the previously abused beacons but none came. In the end, King You and Bofu were killed and Bao Si was captured. After King You died, nobles including the Marquess of Shen, the Marquess of Zeng () and supporte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Empress Lü (Houshao)
Empress Lü (呂皇后, personal name unknown) (died c. 180 BCE) was an empress during the Han dynasty The Han dynasty was an Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China (202 BC9 AD, 25–220 AD) established by Liu Bang and ruled by the House of Liu. The dynasty was preceded by the short-lived Qin dynasty (221–206 BC .... Lady Lü was the daughter of Lü Lu (呂祿), the son of Lü Shizhi (吕雉)—the elder brother of the powerful Grand Empress Dowager Lü Zhi, who was the true power at the time even though her grandson Emperor Houshao (Liu Hong) was the titular emperor. As Grand Empress Dowager Lü grew sick in 180 BC, she put Lü Lu (along with her other nephew Lü Chan (呂產), son of Lü Ze (吕泽), her elder brother) in charge of Emperor Houshao's regency, and married Lady Lü to Emperor Houshao. When the Lü clan was later destroyed that year, in the Lü Clan Disturbance, Emperor Houshao was deposed and executed. Historians implied ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Hui Of Han
Emperor Hui of Han (; 210 BC – 26 September 188 BC), born Liu Ying (), was the second emperor of the Han dynasty. He was the second son of Emperor Gaozu, the first Han emperor, and the only son of Empress Lü from the powerful Lü clan. Emperor Hui is generally remembered as a somewhat weak character dominated and terrorized by his mother, Empress Lü, who became Empress Dowager after she encouraged her husband to command personally the war against Ying Bu, in which he died eventually from an arrow wound sustained during the war. Huidi was personally kind and well-intentioned, simple, hesitant, soft-hearted and generous, unable to escape the impact of his mother's viciousness. He tried to protect his younger half-brother Ruyi, Prince Yin of Zhao from being murdered by Empress Dowager Lü, but failed. After that, he indulged himself in drinking and sex, gave up government affairs to his mother, and died at a relatively young age. Emperor Hui's wife was Empress Zhang Yan, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Princess Yuan Of Lu
Princess Yuan of Lu, personal name unknown, also called Princess Luyuan (late 3rd-century BC – May 187 BC), was a princess of the Han dynasty. She was the eldest daughter of the dynasty's founder Emperor Gaozu and Empress Lü Zhi. She had one daughter who was married to her younger brother, Emperor Hui. Biography Princess Yuan's exact birth date is unknown, but her appearance in official records suggests that she was born before 211 BC. She was born before her father Liu Bang became a serious political contender, after which most of her early life was spent avoiding capture by enemy forces. In 204 BC, during the Chu–Han Contention, the carriage of Princess Yuan and her brother Liu Ying was pursued by forces of the Chu State. Duke Teng, a member of the Xiahou family, ordered the two to leave the carriage and replaced them with two decoy travellers to allow them to escape. Liu Bang was proclaimed Emperor Gaozu of the Han dynasty in 202 BC. Princess Yuan's mother Empress ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhang Ao
Zhang Ao (died 182BC) was one of the feudal lords after the end of the Qin dynasty in 206BC. Life Born in the Kingdom of Zhao, he was the son of Zhang Er (張耳), a Zhao general and participated in his father's campaigns against the last armies of the Qin. The hegemon king Xiang Yu of Western Chu made Zhang Er king of Changshan (常山王) during the Eighteen Kingdoms Period, but Zhang Er changed his loyalty to Liu Bang, the eventual founder of the Han dynasty and was titled as King of Zhao. In 202BC, Zhang Er died and Zhang Ao succeeded him to the throne of Zhao. He married Liu Bang's daughter, Princess Yuan of Lu (posthumous title). In 198BC, his plot to kill Liu Bang was revealed, but he was pardoned and only demoted to Marquis of Xuanping (宣平侯). He was succeeded as king of Zhao by the emperor's young son Liu Ruyi. Zhang Ao died during the reign of Empress Lü Lü Zhi (241 BC – 18 August 180 BC), courtesy name E'xu (娥姁) and commonly known as Empress Lü () ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Empress Zhang Yan
Zhang Yan (; died April or May 163 BC), known formally as Empress Xiaohui (孝惠皇后) was an empress#China, empress during the Han dynasty. She was a daughter of Princess Yuan of Lu (the only daughter of Emperor Gaozu of Han, Emperor Gao (Liu Bang) and his wife Empress Lü) and her husband Zhang Ao (張敖, son of Zhang Er), the Prince of Zhao and later Marquess of Xuanping. Biography In November 192 BC, at the insistence of then-Empress Dowager Lü, Lady Yan married her uncle Emperor Hui of Han, Emperor Hui, the son of Emperor Gao and Empress Dowager Lü, and she was created empress. The marriage was a childless one. At Empress Dowager Lü's instruction, Empress Zhang took several male children as her own and killed their mothers. (Whether these children were Emperor Hui's is a matter of Emperor Hui of Han#Marriage and children, controversy, although it appears likely that they were Emperor Hui's children by his concubines.) When Emperor Hui died in September 188 BC at the a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Gaozu Of Han
Emperor Gaozu of Han (2561 June 195 BC), also known by his given name Liu Bang, was the founder and first emperor of the Han dynasty, reigning from 202 to 195 BC. He is considered by traditional Chinese historiography to be one of the greatest emperors in history, credited with establishing the first Pax Sinica, one of China's longest golden ages. Liu Bang was among the few dynastic founders to have been born in a peasant family. He initially entered the Qin dynasty bureaucracy as a minor law enforcement officer in his home town in Pei County, within the conquered state of Chu. During the political chaos following the death of Qin Shi Huang, who had been the first emperor in Chinese history, Liu Bang renounced his civil service position and became a rebel leader, taking up arms against the Qin dynasty. He outmanoeuvred rival rebel leader Xiang Yu to invade the Qin heartland and forced the surrender of the Qin ruler Ziying in 206 BC. After the fall of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Empress Lü
Lü Zhi (241 BC – 18 August 180 BC), courtesy name E'xu (娥姁) and commonly known as Empress Lü () and formally Empress Gao of Han (), was the empress consort of Emperor Gaozu of Han, Gaozu, the founding emperor of the Han dynasty. They had two known children, Liu Ying (later Emperor Hui of Han) and Princess Yuan of Lu. Lü was the first woman to assume the title List of consorts of rulers of China, Empress of China and paramount power. After Gaozu's death, she was honoured as empress dowager and regent during the short reigns of Emperor Hui and his successors Emperor Qianshao of Han and Liu Hong (Emperor Houshao of Han, Emperor Houshao). She played a role in the rise and foundation of her husband, Emperor Gaozu, and his dynasty, and in some of the laws and customs laid down by him. Empress Lü, even in the absence of her husband from the capital, killed two prominent generals who played an important role in Gaozu's rise to power, namely Han Xin and Peng Yue, as a lesson f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King Jing Of Zhou (Gai)
King Jing of Zhou, (), personal name Ji Gai, was a king of China's Zhou dynasty. He ruled from 519 BC to 477 BC. He was succeeded by his son, King Yuan. After the death of King Jǐng of Zhou, his eldest son Prince Chao declared himself king. The state of Jin sent troops to attack Prince Chao and installed Prince Gai as king. This led to frequent conflicts between King Jing and Prince Chao. In 516 BC, Prince Zhao was forced to flee to the state of Chu. In the spring of 505 BC, Chu was defeated by the state of Wu and was on the brink of destruction. Taking advantage of this, King Jing sent someone to assassinate Prince Chao in Chu. As a result, the supporters of Prince Chao, led by Dan Pian, rebelled the following year. King Jing fled and returned to the capital with the help of the state of Jin in 503 BC. The Eastern Zhou established Luoyi (also known as Chengzhou) as its capital during the reign of King Ping of Zhou. After King Ping relocated to the east, Luoyi became kno ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King Ling Of Zhou
King is a royal title given to a male monarch. A king is an absolute monarch if he holds unrestricted governmental power or exercises full sovereignty over a nation. Conversely, he is a constitutional monarch if his power is restrained by fixed laws. Kings are hereditary monarchs when they inherit power by birthright and elective monarchs when chosen to ascend the throne. *In the context of prehistory, antiquity and contemporary indigenous peoples, the title may refer to tribal kingship. Germanic kingship is cognate with Indo-European traditions of tribal rulership (cf. Indic ''rājan'', Gothic ''reiks'', and Old Irish '' rí'', etc.). *In the context of classical antiquity, king may translate in Latin as '' rex'' and in Greek as ''archon'' or ''basileus''. *In classical European feudalism, the title of ''king'' as the ruler of a ''kingdom'' is understood to be the highest rank in the feudal order, potentially subject, at least nominally, only to an emperor (harking back ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King Xiang Of Zhou
King Xiang of Zhou (died 619BC), personal name Ji Zheng, was a king of the Zhou dynasty The Zhou dynasty ( ) was a royal dynasty of China that existed for 789 years from until 256 BC, the longest span of any dynasty in Chinese history. During the Western Zhou period (771 BC), the royal house, surnamed Ji, had military ... of China. He succeeded his father King Hui to the throne. He married Lady of the Dí, but later dismissed her. In 635, King Xiang was driven from the capital by his brother Dai and was restored by Duke Wen of Jin. After his death, he was succeeded by his son, King Qing.''Trình Doãn Thắng, Ngô Trâu Cương, Thái Thành (1998), Cố sự Quỳnh Lâm, NXB Thanh Hoá'' Family Spouse * Zhai Hou, of the Kui clan of Di (), deposed Sons * Prince Renchen (; d. 613 BC), ruled as King Qing of Zhou from 618 to 613 BC * Youngest son, the father of Prince Man (), who rebuffed King Zhuang of Chu regarding the weight of the Nine Tripod Cau ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
