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Chequer-board
A checkerboard (American English) or chequerboard (British English) is a game board of checkered pattern on which checkers (also known as English draughts) is played. Most commonly, it consists of 64 squares (8×8) of alternating dark and light color, typically green and buff (official tournaments), black and red (consumer commercial), or black and white (printed diagrams). An 8×8 checkerboard is used to play many other games, including chess, whereby it is known as a chessboard. Other rectangular square-tiled boards are also often called checkerboards. In The Netherlands, however, a ''dambord'' (checker board) has 10 rows and 10 columns for 100 squares in total (see article International draughts). Games and puzzles using checkerboards Martin Gardner featured puzzles based on checkerboards in his November 1962 Mathematical Games column in Scientific American. A square checkerboard with an alternating pattern is used for games including: * Amazons * Chapayev * Chess and some of ...
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Chess
Chess is a board game for two players. It is an abstract strategy game that involves Perfect information, no hidden information and no elements of game of chance, chance. It is played on a square chessboard, board consisting of 64 squares arranged in an 8×8 grid. The players, referred to as White and Black in chess, "White" and "Black", each control sixteen Chess piece, pieces: one king (chess), king, one queen (chess), queen, two rook (chess), rooks, two bishop (chess), bishops, two knight (chess), knights, and eight pawn (chess), pawns, with each type of piece having a different pattern of movement. An enemy piece may be captured (removed from the board) by moving one's own piece onto the square it occupies. The object of the game is to "checkmate" (threaten with inescapable capture) the enemy king. There are also several ways a game can end in a draw (chess), draw. The recorded history of chess goes back to at least the emergence of chaturanga—also thought to be an ancesto ...
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Draughts
Checkers (American English), also known as draughts (; Commonwealth English), is a group of strategy board games for two players which involve forward movements of uniform game pieces and mandatory captures by jumping over opponent pieces. Checkers is developed from alquerque. The term "checkers" derives from the checkered board which the game is played on, whereas "draughts" derives from the verb "to draw" or "to move". The most popular forms of checkers in Anglophone countries are American checkers (also called English draughts), which is played on an 8×8 checkerboard; Russian draughts, Turkish draughts and Armenian draughts, all of them on an 8×8 board; and international draughts, played on a 10×10 board – with the latter widely played in many countries worldwide. There are many other variants played on 8×8 boards. Canadian checkers and Malaysian/Singaporean checkers (also locally known as dam) are played on a 12×12 board. American checkers was weakly ...
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Makruk
Makruk (; ; ), or Thai chess (; ; ), is a Strategy game, strategy board game that is descended from the 6th-century Indian game of chaturanga or a close relative thereof, and is therefore related to chess. It is part of the family of chess variants. In Cambodia, where basically the same game is played, it is known as ouk (, ) or ouk chatrang (, ). Origin The Persian traders came to the Ayutthaya kingdom around the 14th century to spread their culture and to trade with the Thai kingdom. It is therefore possible that the Siamese makruk, in its present form, was directly derived from the Persian game of shatranj via the cultural exchange between the two peoples in this period. This is because the movement of makruk's queen, or the "seed" (), is essentially the same as the ferz in shatranj. However, it is more likely that the game came more directly from India given the name similarities between chaturanga and the Cambodian name''ouk chaktrang''(), and the way the "nobleman" (, ) mo ...
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Mak-yek
Mak-yek (, ) is a two-player abstract strategy board game played in Thailand and Myanmar. Players move their pieces as in the rook in chess and attempt to capture their opponent's pieces through custodian and intervention capture. The game may have been first described in literature by Captain James Low a writing contributor in the 1839 work ''Asiatic Researches; or, Transactions of the Society, Instituted in Bengal, For Inquiring into The History, The Antiquities, The Arts and Sciences, and Literature of Asian, Second Part of the Twentieth Volume'' in which he wrote chapter X ''On Siamese Literature'' and documented the game as Maak yék. Another early description of the game is by H.J.R. Murray in his 1913 work ''A History of Chess'', and the game was written as Maak-yek.see footnote 15 on page 114 of "A History of Chess"(1913) by H.J.R. Murray. Setup The game is played on an 8 by 8 square board by two players each having a set of sixteen pieces or "men", and with each se ...
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Crossings (game)
Crossings is a two-player abstract strategy board game invented by Robert Abbott (game designer), Robert Abbott. The rules were published in Sid Sackson's ''A Gamut of Games''. Crossings was the precursor to Epaminondas (game), Epaminondas, which uses a larger board and expanded rules. Gameplay Equipment * 1 8x8 gameboard * 32 stones (16 of each color) Setup This is the starting position of Crossings. Object * Cross one stone to the opponent's end of the gameboard. Turns * Play alternates with each player making one movement on a turn. * Red takes the first turn. Movement A ''group'' is a series of one or more same-colored stones adjacent to one another in a line (diagonal, horizontal, or vertical). A stone may belong to one or more groups. * A player may move a single stone, an entire group, or a subgroup. * A group consisting of a single stone may move one space diagonally or orthogonally into an empty square. * A group must move along the line which defines it. It may mov ...
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Breakthrough (board Game)
Breakthrough is an abstract strategy board game invented by Dan Troyka in 2000 and made available as a Zillions of Games Zillions of GamesSearch-based Procedural Content Generation: A Taxonomy and Survey', Julian Togelius, Georgios N. Yannakakis, Kenneth O. Stanley, Cameron Browne, '' IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games'' 3(3):172 - ... file (ZRF). It won the 2001 8x8 Game Design Competition, even though the game was originally played on a 7x7 board, as it is trivially extensible to larger board sizes. Rules The board is initially set up as shown on the first diagram. To play the game on a different-sized board, just fill the two front and two back rows with pieces; the board does not have to be square.Arneson, Erik.Breakthrough - Designed by Dan Troyka" ''About: Board / Card Games'' Choose a player to go first; then play alternates, with each player moving one piece per turn. A piece may move one space straight or diagonally forward if t ...
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Arimaa
Arimaa () is a two-player strategy board game that was designed to be playable with a standard chess set and difficult for computers while still being easy to learn and fun to play for humans. It was invented between 1997 and 2002 by Omar Syed, an Indian-American computer engineer trained in artificial intelligence. Syed was inspired by Garry Kasparov's defeat at the hands of the chess computer Deep Blue to design a new game which could be played with a standard chess set, would be difficult for computers to play well, but would have rules simple enough for his then four-year-old son Aamir to understand. ("Arimaa" is "Aamir" spelled backwards plus an initial "a".) Beginning in 2004, the Arimaa community held three annual tournaments: a World Championship (humans only), a Computer Championship (computers only), and the Arimaa Challenge (human vs. computer). After eleven years of human dominance, the 2015 challenge was won decisively by the computer (Sharp by David Wu). Arimaa ...
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Russian Checkers
Russian draughts (also known as Shashki or Russian shashki) is a variant of draughts (checkers) played in Russia and some parts of the former USSR, as well as parts of Eastern Europe and Israel. Rules As in all draughts variants, Russian draughts is played by two people, on opposite sides of a playing board, alternating moves. One player has dark pieces, and the other has light pieces. Pieces move diagonally and pieces of the opponent are captured by jumping over them. The rules of this variant of draughts are: * Board. Played on an 8×8 board with alternating dark and light squares. The left square of the first rank should be dark. * Starting position. Each player starts with 12 pieces on the three rows closest to their own side. The row closest to each player is called the "crownhead" or "kings row". Usually, the colors of the pieces are black and white, but possible use other colors (one dark and other light). The player with white pieces (lighter color) moves first. * Pieces ...
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Pool Checkers
American Pool Checkers, also called "American Pool", is a variant of draughts, mainly played in the mid-Atlantic and Southeastern United States and in Puerto Rico. Basic rules As in the related game English draughts Draughts (British English) or checkers (American English), also called straight checkers or simply draughts, is a form of the strategy board game checkers (or draughts). It is played on an 8×8 checkerboard with 12 pieces per side. The pieces m ... (also known as ''American checkers'' or ''straight checkers''), the game is played on an 8x8 board with the double corner (corner without a checker) to each player's right. The dark pieces player starts the game by making the first move. One difference from the rules of English checkers is that a piece may capture both forward and backward. A player must capture an opponent's checker when possible (both forward and backward), but if two possibilities exist, the player may choose the sequence (even if one sequence has ...
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Italian Draughts
Italian draughts () is a variant of the draughts family played mainly in Italy and Northern Africa. It is a two-handed game played on a board consisting of sixty-four squares, thirty-two white and thirty-two black. There are twenty-four pieces: twelve white and twelve black. The board is placed so that the rightmost square on both sides of the board is black. The Italian Championship has been held annually since 1925. The first World Championship, won by Damiano Sciuto, was held in 2024. Capturing A number of rules apply to captures in Italian draughts, whether by men or kings; this tends to make Italian draughts a game where many mistakes can be made. * If a player is faced with the prospect of choosing which captures to make, the first and foremost rule to obey is to capture the greatest quantity of pieces. * If a player may capture an equal number of pieces with either a man or king, he must do so with the king. * If a player may capture an equal number of pieces with a k ...
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International Draughts
International draughts (also called international checkers or Polish draughts) is a Abstract strategy, strategy board game for two players, one of the variants of draughts. The gameboard comprises 10×10 squares in alternating dark and light colours, of which only the 50 dark squares are used. Each player has 20 pieces, light for one player and dark for the other, at opposite sides of the board. In conventional diagrams, the board is displayed with the light pieces at the bottom; in this orientation, the lower-left corner square must be dark. History According to Dutch Draughts historians, draughts historian Arie van der Stoep, it is unknown where the 10×10 square draughts board first came into use. In the Netherlands, the board was probably used from 1550, and the number of pieces was extended to 2×20 between 1650 and 1700. The name "Polish draughts" was probably following a Dutch convention of the time that "unnatural" ideas were considered "Polish". Rules The general rule ...
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