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Crossings is a two-player
abstract strategy Abstract may refer to: *"Abstract", a 2017 episode of the animated television series ''Adventure Time'' * ''Abstract'' (album), 1962 album by Joe Harriott * Abstract algebra, sets with specific operations acting on their elements * Abstract of ti ...
board game A board game is a type of tabletop game that involves small objects () that are placed and moved in particular ways on a specially designed patterned game board, potentially including other components, e.g. dice. The earliest known uses of the ...
invented by Robert Abbott. The rules were published in
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''. Crossings was the precursor to
Epaminondas Epaminondas (; ; 419/411–362 BC) was a Greeks, Greek general and statesman of the 4th century BC who transformed the Ancient Greece, Ancient Greek polis, city-state of Thebes, Greece, Thebes, leading it out of Spartan subjugation into a pre ...
, which uses a larger board and expanded rules.


Gameplay


Equipment

* 1 8x8 gameboard * 32 stones (16 of each color)


Setup

This is the starting position of Crossings.


Object

* Cross one stone to the opponent's end of the gameboard.


Turns

* Play alternates with each player making one movement on a turn. * Red takes the first turn.


Movement

A ''group'' is a series of one or more same-colored stones adjacent to one another in a line (diagonal, horizontal, or vertical). A stone may belong to one or more groups. * A player may move a single stone, an entire group, or a subgroup. * A group consisting of a single stone may move one space diagonally or orthogonally into an empty square. * A group must move along the line which defines it. It may move a number of spaces equal to the number of pieces in that group. * When part of a group is moved (a subgroup), it must move along the line which defines it. It may move a number of spaces equal to the number of pieces in the subgroup. * When a subgroup is moved it must involve one of the end stones. * Pieces may not move onto an occupied square.


Capturing an enemy stone

* If the first stone in a moving group encounters a single enemy stone, the group's movement stops there, and the enemy stone is captured. * If the first stone in a moving group encounters an end stone of an opponent's group, it can capture that stone if the opponent's group is smaller. * If it cannot capture the end stone because the opponent's group is the same size or larger, it is not allowed to move on to that square.


End of the game

* A player possibly wins the game if they get a stone on the home row, or row furthest from their side. If the opponent cannot get a stone of their own onto the first player's home row in the next move, the first player wins. Otherwise, those stones are "locked"; they cannot be moved or captured. The next attempt at crossing, as this is called, will determine the winner (unless it, too, is immediately followed by a counter-crossing, and so on.) * The game is a draw if no player can complete the objective. Draws are rare.


References

* *{{cite book , last=Schmittberger , first=R. Wayne , title=New Rules for Classic Games , publisher=John Wiley & Sons Inc , year=1992 , contribution=Epaminondas and Crossings , page
91–3
, isbn=978-0471536215 , url-access=registration , url=https://archive.org/details/newrulesforclass00rway/page/91 Board games introduced in 1969 Abstract strategy games Games played on Go boards