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Catabacter
''Christensenella'' is a genus of non-spore-forming, anaerobic, and nonmotile bacteria from the family Christensenellaceae. The species '' C. minuta'' has been published and validated, and '' C. timonensis'' and '' C. massiliensis'' have been proposed as novel species of the genus ''Christensenella'', all isolated from human feces. ''C. minuta'' in the gut has been associated with reduction in body weight and adiposity of mice. In a test on 977 volunteers, humans with higher levels of ''Christensenella'' in their guts were found to be more likely to have a lower body mass index Body mass index (BMI) is a value derived from the mass (weight) and height of a person. The BMI is defined as the body mass divided by the square of the body height, and is expressed in units of kg/m2, resulting from mass in kilograms and he ... than those with low levels. ''Christensenella'' are better represented in persons who are metabolically healthy. However, there is a link to possible pat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christensenella Hongkongensis
''Christensenella hongkongensis'' is a species of clinically relevant gram-positive coccobacilli, first isolated from patients in Hong Kong and Canada in 2006. Although the species remains relatively rare, it has a high mortality rate of up to 50%. ''Christensenella'' is thought to be broadly distributed globally, as it has been isolated from patient blood cultures around the world including Hong Kong, South Korea, New Zealand, Canada, Sweden, France and Italy. Fewer than 15 cases of ''C. hongkongensis'' have been observed worldwide. Phenotypic characteristics ''C. hongkongensis'' grow on sheep blood agar as nonhemolytic pinpoint colonies after 48 h of incubation at 37 °C in an anaerobic environment. All are catalase positive and motile, with flagella. They produce acid from arabinose, glucose and xylose. They do not produce indole or reduce nitrate. Clinical features and diagnosis Symptoms of ''C. hongkongensis'' infection include fever, vomiting, abdominal distension ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christensenella Timonensis
''Christensenella'' is a genus of non-spore-forming, anaerobic, and nonmotile bacteria from the family Christensenellaceae. The species '' C. minuta'' has been published and validated, and '' C. timonensis'' and '' C. massiliensis'' have been proposed as novel species of the genus ''Christensenella'', all isolated from human feces. ''C. minuta'' in the gut has been associated with reduction in body weight and adiposity of mice. In a test on 977 volunteers, humans with higher levels of ''Christensenella'' in their guts were found to be more likely to have a lower body mass index Body mass index (BMI) is a value derived from the mass (weight) and height of a person. The BMI is defined as the body mass divided by the square of the body height, and is expressed in units of kg/m2, resulting from mass in kilograms and he ... than those with low levels. ''Christensenella'' are better represented in persons who are metabolically healthy. However, there is a link to possible pat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anaerobic Organism
An anaerobic organism or anaerobe is any organism that does not require molecular oxygen for growth. It may react negatively or even die if free oxygen is present. In contrast, an aerobic organism (aerobe) is an organism that requires an oxygenated environment. Anaerobes may be unicellular (e.g. protozoans, bacteria) or multicellular. Most fungi are obligate aerobes, requiring oxygen to survive. However, some species, such as the Chytridiomycota that reside in the rumen of cattle, are obligate anaerobes; for these species, anaerobic respiration is used because oxygen will disrupt their metabolism or kill them. Deep waters of the ocean are a common anoxic environment. First observation In his letter of 14 June 1680 to The Royal Society, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek described an experiment he carried out by filling two identical glass tubes about halfway with crushed pepper powder, to which some clean rain water was added. Van Leeuwenhoek sealed one of the glass tubes using a flam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clostridiaceae
The Clostridiaceae are a family of the bacterial class Clostridia, and contain the genus '' Clostridium''. The family Clostridiaceae (scientific name) defined by the taxonomic outline of '' Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology '' contains as its core the genus '' Clostridium'' (''sensu stricto''), as well as '' Acetivibrio'', '' Acidaminobacter'', ''Alkaliphilus'', ''Anaerobacter'', '' Caloramator'', '' Caloranaerobacter'', '' Coprobacillus'', ''Dorea'', '' Natronincola'', '' Oxobacter'', '' Sarcina'', '' Sporobacter'', '' Thermobrachium'', '' Thermohalobacter'', and '' Tindallia''. The previous inclusion of these additional genera (as seen on the right) in a family Clostridiaceae is based for the most part because the type species of these genera are in many cases phylogenetically related to misclassified species of the genus ''Clostridium''. However, with the exception of ''Anaerobacter'', ''Caloramator'', ''Oxobacter'', ''Sarcina'', and ''Thermobrachium'', these genera f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beneficial Microbes
''Beneficial Microbes'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on microbes beneficial to the health and wellbeing of man and animal. It is published by Wageningen Academic Publishers Wageningen Academic Publishers is a publishing company in the field of life sciences that publishes scientific journals as well as monographs, textbooks, and proceedings. The company was founded in 2002 as successor of Wageningen Pers. The company .... External links * Microbiology journals English-language journals Publications with year of establishment missing Publications established in 2010 {{microbiology-journal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Body Mass Index
Body mass index (BMI) is a value derived from the mass (weight) and height of a person. The BMI is defined as the body mass divided by the square of the body height, and is expressed in units of kg/m2, resulting from mass in kilograms and height in metres. The BMI may be determined using a table or chart which displays BMI as a function of mass and height using contour lines or colours for different BMI categories, and which may use other units of measurement (converted to metric units for the calculation). The BMI is a convenient rule of thumb used to broadly categorize a person as ''underweight'', ''normal weight'', ''overweight'', or ''obese'' based on tissue mass (muscle, fat, and bone) and height. Major adult BMI classifications are underweight (under 18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (18.5 to 24.9), overweight (25 to 29.9), and obese (30 or more). When used to predict an individual's health, rather than as a statistical measurement for groups, the BMI has limitations ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Feces
Feces ( or faeces), known colloquially and in slang as poo and poop, are the solid or semi-solid remains of food that was not digested in the small intestine, and has been broken down by bacteria in the large intestine. Feces contain a relatively small amount of metabolic waste products such as bacterially altered bilirubin, and dead epithelial cells from the lining of the gut. Feces are discharged through the anus or cloaca during defecation. Feces can be used as fertilizer or soil conditioner in agriculture. They can also be burned as fuel or dried and used for construction. Some medicinal uses have been found. In the case of human feces, fecal transplants or fecal bacteriotherapy are in use. Urine and feces together are called excreta. Skatole is the principal compound responsible for the unpleasant smell of feces. Characteristics The distinctive odor of feces is due to skatole, and thiols (sulfur-containing compounds), as well as amines and carboxylic aci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacteria
Bacteria (; singular: bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria were among the first life forms to appear on Earth, and are present in most of its habitats. Bacteria inhabit soil, water, acidic hot springs, radioactive waste, and the deep biosphere of Earth's crust. Bacteria are vital in many stages of the nutrient cycle by recycling nutrients such as the fixation of nitrogen from the atmosphere. The nutrient cycle includes the decomposition of dead bodies; bacteria are responsible for the putrefaction stage in this process. In the biological communities surrounding hydrothermal vents and cold seeps, extremophile bacteria provide the nutrients needed to sustain life by converting dissolved compounds, such as hydrogen sulphide and methane, to energy. Bacteria also live in symbiotic and parasitic re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Motility
Motility is the ability of an organism to move independently, using metabolic energy. Definitions Motility, the ability of an organism to move independently, using metabolic energy, can be contrasted with sessility, the state of organisms that do not possess a means of self-locomotion and are normally immobile. Motility differs from mobility, the ability of an object to be moved. The term vagility encompasses both motility and mobility; sessile organisms including plants and fungi often have vagile parts such as fruits, seeds, or spores which may be dispersed by other agents such as wind, water, or other organisms. Motility is genetically determined, but may be affected by environmental factors such as toxins. The nervous system and musculoskeletal system provide the majority of mammalian motility. In addition to animal locomotion, most animals are motile, though some are vagile, described as having passive locomotion. Many bacteria and other microorganisms, and multice ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
